Relationship of arterial and exhaled CO2 during elevated artificial pneumoperitoneum pressure for introduction of the first trocar.

The present study evaluated the correlation between arterial CO2 and exhaled CO2 during brief high-pressure pneumoperitoneum. Patients were randomly distributed into two groups: P12 group (n=30) received a maximum intraperitoneal pressure of 12mmHg, and P20 group (n=37) received a maximum intraperitoneal pressure of 20mmHg. Arterial CO2 was evaluated by radial arterial catheter and exhaled CO2 was measured by capnometry at the following time points: before insufflation, once intraperitoneal pressure reached 12mmHg , 5 minutes after intraperitoneal pressure reached 12mmHg for the P12 group or 20mmHg for the P20 group, and 10 minutes after intraperitoneal pressure reached 12mmHg for the P12 group or when intraperitoneal pressure had decreased from 20mmHg to 12mmHg, for the P20 group. During brief durations of very high intraperitoneal pressure (20mmHg), there was a strong correlation between arterial CO2 and exhaled CO2. Capnometry can be effectively used to monitor patients during transient increases in artificial pneumoperitoneum pressure

Invasive monitoring of the clinical effects of high intra-abdominal pressure for insertion of the first trocar.

Background: To analyze the effects of transitory, high intra-abdominal pressure on clinical, hemodynamic, blood gas and metabolic parameters.

Methods: Sixty-seven laparoscopic patients were divided into groups P12 (n = 30, maximum intra-abdominal pressure of 12 mmHg) and P20 (n = 37, maximum intra-abdominal pressure of 20 mmHg). Through radial artery cannulation, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was assessed and blood gas analysis – pH, arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3) and base excess (BE) – was performed. These parameters were evaluated in both groups at time point zero, before CO2 insufflation; at time point one (TP1), when intra-abdominal pressure of 12 mmHg was reached in both groups; at time point two (TP2), 5 minutes after reaching intra-abdominal pressure of 12 mmHg in group P12 and of 20 mmHg in group P20; and at time point three (TP3), 10 minutes after reaching intra-abdominal pressure of 12 mmHg in group P12 and 10 minutes after TP1 in group P20, when intra-abdominal pressure decreased from 20 mmHg to 12 mmHg. Values out of the normal range or the occurrence of atypical phenomena suggestive of organic disease indicated clinical changes.

Results: Significant variations in MAP, pH, HCO3 and BE were observed in group P20; these changes, however, were within normal limits. Clinical changes were also within normal limits, and no pathological phenomena were observed.

Conclusions: Brief, intra-abdominal hypertension for the insertion first trocar insertion causes variations in MAP, pH, HCO3 and BE without adverse effects, and it may protect from iatrogenic injury

Determinação do nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana do solo (BMS-N).

Materiais e equipamentos necessários; Para fumigação; Para extração; Para determinação do nitrogênio microbiano; Amsotra; Limitações do método; Procedimento; Preparação da amostra; Determinação da umidade na capacidade de campo do solo; Procedimento analítico; Determinação da umidade do solo; Fumigação; Extração; Determinação do nitrogênio microbiano; Cálculo da molaridade exata da solução de ácido sulfúrico (H2S04) 0,015M; Cálculo do teor de N nos extratos (Equação 4); Cálculo da BMS-N; Equação 5.bitstream/CNPAB-2010/34388/1/cot096.pdfParceria: UFRR

Heating the 9th Street Interchange: Construction and Initial Operation

The 9th-Street interchange was designed and constructed with an automated, electrical heating system for snow and fee removal. This report describes the heating system, its construction, and initial operation. The heating system was capable of keeping the interchange free of ice and snow accumulation. The average daily slab temperature fell below 32°F (0°C) on only one occasion. The average cost of electrical power for heating the interchange was $905 per day

Potencial forrageiro de espécies para cultivo no período de safrinha em solos de tabuleiros costeiros.

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Stability of antiphase line defects in nanometer-sized boron-nitride cones

We investigate the stability of boron nitride conical sheets of nanometer size, using first-principles calculations. Our results indicate that cones with an antiphase boundary (a line defect that contains either B-B or N-N bonds) can be more stable than those without one. We also find that doping the antiphase boundaries with carbon can enhance their stability, leading also to the appearance of localized states in the bandgap. Among the structures we considered, the one with the smallest formation energy is a cone with a carbon-modified antiphase boundary that presents a spin splitting of about 0.5 eV at the Fermi level.Comment: 5 two-column pages with 2 figures Accepted for publication in Physical Review B (vol 70, 15 Nov.

Can the Visits of Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) Influence the Mental Health (Anxiety and Depression) of Male Aging Patients Institutionalized with Dementia in Health Care Units? A Pilot Study of Madeira Island, Portugal

Despite the fact that in the last decades, several mental health studies have shown that companion animals contribute to psychological and social well-being in humans (e.g., posi tive impacts have been observed in the elderly medicated for chronic diseases such as anxiety, dementia, and depression), bonds between humans and other animals continue to be under estimated. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of an animal’s visits (twice a week, N = 30) in depression and anxiety levels of an institutionalized male population diagnosed with de mentia. While some of these patients are being partially medicated with antidepressants and/or anxiolytics, others are not subject to any medication (control group). The GAI and GDS measur ing instruments were used and there were differences in anxiety and depression levels between the first and last dog visit, statistically significant in depression levels of nonmedicated patients. Such findings allow us to conclude that the effects of the visits of an animal near nonmedicated patients are greater than near medicated ones. The complementary role of animals in mental health institutions where patients are being treated for psychiatric disorders (in the particular case of dementia) should be considered.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio