A Comparative Study of Analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal and Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol and Acetone Extracts of Fruits Peels of Limonia acidissima L. (Rutaceae)

Objectives: Present study was designed to evaluate Analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal and Antimicrobial activities of methanol and acetone extracts of fruit peels of Limonia acidissima L. by different methods. Method: The analgesic activity of the samples was studied using acetic acid- induced writhing model in mice. Castor oil-induced antidiarrheal activity was observed by Thomas method and antimicrobial activity was monitored by disc diffusion method. Results: Limonia acidissima L. inhibited 60.53 % and 59.65 % writhing of methanol as well as acetone fruit peels extracts, respectively, compared to standard drug Diclofenac Na inhibited 78.07 % writhing. At higher dose (500 mg/kg) of the methanol and acetone fruit peels extracts, significant inhibition 47.13 and 44.83 % of characteristic diarrhoeal feces was observed, respectively, as well as at lower dose (250 mg/kg) of the both extracts, inhibition 34.45 and35.63 %. Mention able on average 12mm zone of inhibition was observed of both extract at 250µg/disc and 500µg/disc compare to zone of inhibition 36mm of ciprofloxacin at 50µg/disc. Conclusion: From the above results, it will be very much possible source for an isolating lead compound for curing the numerous disorders. Keywords: Limonia acidissima L. Fruit peels, Diclofenac sodium, Loperamide, Ciprofloxacin

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND THROMBOLYTIC PROPERTIES OF LEAVE EXTRACTS OF GARDENIA CORONARIA BUCH-HAM

Objective: The objective of this study was assessing the diverse pharmacological efficacies of methanolic extracts of the whole plant of Gardenia coronaria Buch-Ham This study illustrates the phytochemicals, antioxidants and thrombolytic activity which have the possibility to be used in the coming future to open a new line of investigation. The Gardenia coronaria, one of the necessary traditional medicinal plants in Bangladesh. In the rural area this plant is used by a lot of people as a treatment from various disease. Methods: Total sum of the flavonoids was spectrophotometrically ascertained with the help of aluminum chloride colorimetric assay as total phenolic and tannin content by Folin Chiocalteu’s reagent. Antioxidant activity, ascertained by DPPH (α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay giving some comparison between the resultant activity with the standard. The thombolytic activity was assessed based on the method of minor alterations. Results: The percentage of clot lysis was 87.58% when 100 μl of streptokinase (30,000 I.U.), and the methanolic extract displayed the least clot lysis activity (26.79%), much less compared to the standard. It can be elicited that the extract of Gardenia coronaria Buch-Ham contains antioxidant and thrombolytic activity. The potential of these activities probably because of the availability of most of the phytochemicals supporting previous claims and verify its uses as an expected folk medicine.                                        Peer Review History: Received 9 January 2020;   Revised 25 January; Accepted 4 March, Available online 15 March 20200 Academic Editor: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Princess Nourah bint abdulrahman university, Riyadh, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 4.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622,  Giza, Egypt, [email protected]  Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, [email protected] Similar Articles: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF LEAF, STEM-BARK AND ROOT OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA (NEEM) EXTRACTION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL POTENT MUCOADHESIVE BIO-MATERIAL OBTAINED FROM THE FRESH FRUITS PULP OF ACHRAS ZAPOTILL

Herbal medicinal importance of Citrullus Lanatus mentioned in the Ahadith: a precise overview

This study focuses on the herbal medicinal importance of watermelon (citrulluslanatus) mentioned in the Ahadith. Objective: The main objective of this study is integration between the Ahadith and the modern clinical reports on the herbal medicinal importance of watermelon. Methods: It has been discussed in this study followed by botanical name, the name mentioned in the Prophetic traditions, Arabic name, English name, family, part used, nature and flavor, basic substance and medicinal use. Results: The study proved that there is no contradiction between the Ahadith and modern clinical reports on the herbal medicinal importance of this fruit. Conclusion: In conclusion, we can say in the light of this study that herbal medicine and modern medicine are complementing each other to promote human’s health and comfort and always should be thankful to the Creator for His blessings

Artificial neural network (ANN) analysis on thermophysical properties of magnetohydrodynamics flow with radiation in an arc-shaped enclosure with a rotating cylinder

The objective of this research is to examine the thermophysical features of magnetic parameter (Ha) and time step (τ) in a lid-driven cavity using a water-based Al2O3 nanofluid and the efficacy of ANN models in accurately predicting the average heat transfer rate. The Galerkin weighted residual approach is used to solve a set of dimensionless nonlinear governing equations. The Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation technique is used for training ANN using sparse simulated data. The findings of the investigation about the flow and thermal fields are shown. Furthermore, a comparative study and prediction have been conducted on the impact of manipulating factors on the average Nusselt number derived from the numerical heat transfer analysis. The findings of the research indicate that, in the absence of magnetohydrodynamics, a rise in the Hartmann number resulted in a drop in both the fluid velocity profile and magnitude. Conversely, it was observed that the temperature and Nusselt number exhibited an increase under these conditions. The mean temperature of the fluid rises as the Hartmann number drops, reaching a peak value of 0.114 when Ha = 0. The scenario where Ha = 0, representing the lack of magnetohydrodynamics, shows the highest average Nusselt number, whereas the instance with Ha = 45 presents the lowest Nusselt number. The ANN model has a high level of accuracy, as seen by an MSE value of 0.00069 and a MAE value of 0.0175, resulting in a 99% accuracy rate

Rotational effect of a cylinder on hydro-thermal characteristics in a partially heated square enclosure using CNT-water nanofluid

Rotating cylinder movement in a cavity flow is an exciting field of study in heat transfer. Considerable research has been carried out on rotating cylinders under MHD mixed convection in various types of enclosures. However, considering partially heated square enclosure and magnetic field using CNT-water nanofluid is very limited. This study's goal is to assess the hydrothermal phenomena in a square enclosure with a rotating cylinder. Simulation has been conducted for different rotational speeds (Ω) and dimensionless times (τ) to observe the thermal and fluid flow behaviour. The Galerkin Residual based finite element method has been used to conduct numerical calculations. The results are shown as isotherms, streamlines, and average Nusselt number at the cylinder wall. Moreover, the drag force at the moving wall, and the fluid properties such as the root mean square (rms) of velocity, the temperature, the vorticity functions, and the average fluid temperature are also presented. The heat transfer rate, drag force, rms velocity, and temperature increase with the rise of rotational speed and dimensionless time rise. Maximum vorticity occurs at Ω = 8 and τ = 1. The maximum vorticity function increases 12 times with the increasing rotational speed. Higher rotational speed leads to increased average fluid temperature. The case of Ω = 8, τ = 1 shows the most temperature variance, while Ω = 1, τ = 0.1 has the least. Increasing rotational speed results in higher drag force on the cylinder's surface. At Ω = 4, the drag force is 2.8 times greater than at Ω = 2. Overall, the fluid flow and thermal performance boost up while the rotating speed of the cylinder is higher

Cytotoxicity and thrombolytic potential of seven different medicinal plant leaves extract

Background: In practice, either the herbs themselves or the crude extracts are used for traditional remedies but not the isolated molecules. Therefore, the importance of toxicity and clot lysis study of the crude extract is beyond description. Objective: The aim of our study was to find out the preliminary cytotoxic and thrombolytic effect of the seven selected medicinal plant leaves extract. Methods: Cold maceration was performed using ethanol for extraction purposes. The cytotoxicity study was done by using brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia salina) and MTT assays by using MCF-7 cell line. Result: In the cytotoxic activity, out of the seven leaves extract three of them exhibited stronger brine shrimp lethality with 4 TH PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE 2018 Challenging The Inquisitive Minds: Frontier Of The Future 24 – 26 August 2018 | Cyberjaya, Malaysia LC50 122.548 (Uncaria acida), 170.861 (Leea indica) and 175.469 (Piper porphyrophyllum) μg /mL respectively, and on MCF-7 cell line, they also exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity with different concentration of the extract of the same plant leaves such as, Uncaria acida (72.31, 56.22, 38.12 and 9.24%), Leea indica (67.31, 58.22, 43.12 and 15.24%), Piper porphyrophyllum (65.88, 48.12, 40.12 and 21.34%). In thrombolytic assessments, all the leaves extract showed moderate (considering > 20% moderate; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05) clot lysis activity, but among the extracts, Uncaria cordata (27.36 ± 0.10%) showed the highest and Stachytarpheta indica the lowest (6.14 ± 0.20%) percent clot lysis as compared with the standard streptokinase (65.15 ± 0.16%). Conclusion: This study was conducted to support the folkloric use of seven medicinal plant leaves to improve cancer or myocardial infarction. Although, it is a preliminary screening but it will be targeted to the scientific community to put more attention and to do an extensive and molecular level study in future