4 research outputs found

    Troubles mentaux et VIH au chu Sylvanus Olympio de Lome: aspects clinique de 2011 a 2013

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    Introduction : Le VIH est une affection stigmatisante, humiliante, discriminative et chronique avec une co-relation importante avec les maladies mentales. Cette étude a été d’identifier les différents troubles psychiatriques observés chez le sujet séropositif.Méthodologie : Le cadre de cette étude ont été le CHU SO. Il s’est agi d’une étude prospective, descriptive menée de 1er janvier 2011 au 31 décembre 2013 utilisant les critères diagnostics de la Classification Internationale des Maladies 10ème version chez les personnes séropositives au VIH. L’analyse des données a été faite à l’aide du tableur Excel 2007.Résultats : La fréquence des sujets séropositifs en milieu psychiatrique au CHU SO de Lomé a été de 3,2%. Les sujets jeunes de la tranche d’âge de 30-39 ans ont représenté 48,6%. Le sexe ratio (H/F) a été de 0,59. Les ménagères ont occupé lé premier rang avec 20%. La psychose aigue (13/35 ; 37,1%) et la psychose chronique (7/35 ; 20%), les troubles anxieux (7/35 ; 20%), la dépression (6/35 ; 17,1%), et la manie (5,7%) ont été les pathologies psychiatriques les plus rencontrées. L’évolution a été faite dans le sens de 40% guérison et 48,6% avaient un état mental stable.Conclusion : Les affections psychiatriques associées à l’infection à VIH étaient plus les troubles psychotiques qui influencent négativement la prise en charge de l’affection au VIH. Le cercle vicieux conflictuel et morbide entre la maladie mentale et l’infection à VIH comme rapporté dans la littérature existe aussi à Lomé.Mots-clés : Troubles psychiatriques, VIH, Afrique subsaharienne, Togo.English Title: HIV and mental disorders at the CHU sylvanus olympio Lome: clinical aspects of 2011-2013English AbstractIntroduction: HIV is a stigmatizing condition, humiliating, discriminating and chronic with significant co-relation with mental illness. This study was to identify the different psychiatric disorders observed in seropositive.Methodology: The framework of this study were SO CHU. It came from a prospective, descriptive study conducted from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2013 using the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases Version 10th among HIV-positive people. Data analysis was done using the Excel 2007 spreadsheet.Results: The frequency of seropositive subjects in psychiatry at University Hospital Lomé SO was 3.2%. Young subjects in the age bracket of 30-39 years accounted for 48.6%. The sex ratio (M / F) was 0.59. The household occupied first place with 20%. Acute psychosis (13/35; 37.1%) and chronic psychosis (7/35; 20%), anxiety disorders (7/35; 20%), depression (6/35; 17.1%) and mania (5.7%) were the most encountered psychiatric disorders. The change was made in the direction of 40% recovery and 48.6% had a stable mental state.Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders associated with HIV infection were more psychotic disorders that negatively influence the management of HIV disease. The conflict and morbid vicious circle between mental illness and HIV infection as reported in the literature are also in Lome.Keywords: Psychiatric disorders, HIV, sub-Saharan Africa, Tog

    Connaisances attitudes et pratiques sur la contraception : Cas des filles apprenties de Kpalime

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    Introduction : Ce travail avait pour objectifs d’identifier le comportement des jeunes filles apprenties face Ă  la contraception et leur perception sur planification familiale (PF). MĂ©thodologie : Le cadre de notre Ă©tude a Ă©tĂ© les ateliers d’apprentissages de la commune de KpalimĂ©. Il s’agit d’une Ă©tude  transversale descriptive portant sur les jeunes filles apprenties qui s’était dĂ©roulĂ©e du 20 juin au 25 juillet 2019. RĂ©sultats : Cette Ă©tude a portĂ© sur 100 filles apprenties. L’âge moyen Ă©tait de 21,9 ans ± 3,8 ans ; avec des extrĂŞmes Ă  13 ans et 32 ans. Selon le statut matrimonial on avait des concubins, des cĂ©libataires et des mariĂ©es respectivement Ă  54, 34 et 12%. Sur la dĂ©finition de la planification familiale 56% affirmait ne rien connaitre. Le type de mĂ©thode contraceptive connue par les enquĂŞtĂ©s Ă©tait le prĂ©servatif ; le prĂ©servatif-l’injectable ; le prĂ©servatif- l’injectable- la pilule dans des proportions de 42 ; 24 et 21%. L’approbation de l’utilisation descontraceptives a Ă©tĂ© fait pour Ă©viter les grossesses Ă  62%, pour Ă©viter les infections Ă  3%, pour se protĂ©ger Ă  2% pour espacer les naissances Ă  1% et dans une proportion de 32% il n’y pas eu de rĂ©ponses. Les raisons des difficultĂ©s d’accès aux services de la PF Ă©taient la honte Ă  63%, pas de motif Ă  17%, le manque de temps Ă  15% et la non disponibilitĂ© des services le week-end Ă  5%. Conclusion : Notre Ă©tude a rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© une relative bonne connaissance des mĂ©thodes contraceptives et de planification familiale que les  enquĂŞtĂ©s avait du mal Ă  mettre en pratique. Mots clĂ©s : Contraception ; planification familiale ; Fille apprenties ; Togo   English title: Knowledge, attitudes and pratices on contraception: The case of apprentice gril from Kpalime Introduction: The aim of this work was to identify the behavior of young apprentice girls with regard to contraception and their perception of family planning (FP). Methodology: The framework of our study was the learning workshops of the municipality of KpalimĂ©. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study on young apprentice girls which took place from June 20 to July 25, 2019. Results: This study focused on 100 apprentice girls. The mean age was 21.9 years ± 3.8 years; with extremes at 13 and 32 years old. According to marital status, there were partners, singles and brides at 54, 34 and 12% respectively. On the definition of family planning, 56% claimed to know nothing. The type of contraceptive method known by the respondents was the condom; the injectable condom;the condom-the injectable-the pill in proportions of 42; 24 and 21%. The approval of contraceptive use was made to avoid pregnancies at 62%, to avoid infections at 3%, to protect themselves at 2% to space births at 1% and in a proportion of 32% their there were no answers. The reasons for difficulties in accessing FP services were shame at 63%, no reason at 17%, lack of time at 15% and  unavailability of weekend services at 5%. Conclusion: Our study revealed a relatively good knowledge of contraceptive and family planning methods that the respondents had trouble putting into practice. Keywords: Contraception; family planning; Girl apprentices; Togo &nbsp

    A mathematical model impact analysis of a real-life pre-exposure prophylaxis and treatment-as-prevention study among female sex workers in Cotonou, Benin

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    BACKGROUND: Daily pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and treatment-as-prevention (TasP) reduce HIV acquisition and transmission risk, respectively. A demonstration study (2015-2017) assessed TasP and PrEP feasibility among female sex workers (FSW) in Cotonou, Benin. SETTING: Cotonou, Benin METHODS:: We developed a compartmental HIV transmission model, featuring PrEP, and ART among the high-risk (FSW, clients) and low-risk populations, calibrated to historical epidemiological and demonstration study data, reflecting observed lower PrEP uptake, adherence and retention compared to TasP. We estimated the population-level impact of the two-year study and several twenty-year intervention scenarios, varying coverage and adherence independently and together. We report the percentage (median, 2.5th-97.5th percentile uncertainty interval (95%UI)) of HIV infections prevented comparing the intervention and counterfactual (2017 coverages: 0% PrEP, 49% ART) scenarios. RESULTS: The two-year study (2017 coverages: 9% PrEP, 83% ART) prevented an estimated 8% (95%UI 6-12) and 6% (3-10) infections among FSW over two and twenty years, respectively, compared to 7% (3-11) and 5% (2-9) overall. The PrEP and TasP arms prevented 0.4% (0.2-0.8) and 4.6% (2.2-8.7) infections overall over 20 years, respectively. Twenty-year PrEP and TasP scale-ups (2035 coverages: 47% PrEP, 88% ART) prevented 21% (17-26) and 17% (10-27) infections among FSW respectively, and 5% (3-10) and 17% (10-27) overall. Compared to TasP scale-up alone, PrEP and TasP combined scale-up prevented 1.9x and 1.2x more infections among FSW and overall, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The modest demonstration study impact was modest, and mostly from TasP. Increasing PrEP adherence and coverage improves impact substantially among FSW, but little overall. We recommend TasP in prevention packages
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