Age Related Changes in Hematological Values of Myanmar Local Puppies

The hematological parameters were used to monitor the health status and its components also changed according to the ages. However, there were no reports for this issues in Myanmar local dogs. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate the age-related changes on the hematological parameters of local puppies in Myanmar. Ten local puppies with the age of 2-3 month old were used in this experiment, which was lasted for 8 weeks.The daily clinical examinations were conducted throughout the entire experimental period for general health check-up. Haematological parameters (Total WBC count and its differential counts, and RBC, HCT, MCV, HGB, MCH, MCHC and platelets) were measured bi-weekly with Abacus Vet-5 automate haematology analyser. According to the results, the total WBC and eosinophil counts were not significantly different (P>0.05), while lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and basophils were significantly different (P<0.05) with the aging of experimental animals. The values of RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelets were not significantly different (P>0.05) throughout the experimental periods. Thus, the age-related changes were observed on cell counts of lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils in Myanmar local puppies

Relationship between serum uric acid, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) Level and blood pressure in premenopausal and postmenopausal women

High serum levels of uric acid and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Postmenopausal women are said to have increased risk of cardiovascular diseases compared with premenopausal women, due to loss of endogenous sex hormone production. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between serum uric acid, hs-CRP and blood pressure in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Thirty-six premenopausal women (20 - 35 years) and 38 postmenopausal women (46 - 60 years) were recruited from University of Medicine 2,Yangon.</p

The Construction of a Scale to measure Environmental Concerns

Measurement issues and structure of environmental concerns (ECs) were assessed in this study. The present paper compared two different scales used in previous research to measure beliefs about awareness of consequences (ACs), or concerns, for egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric-valued objects. One hundred and ten participants from two separated Universities in Myanmar completed both the ACs and ECs scales. The findings have theoretical and practical implications for research into ECs, and for applications of the value-belief-norm (extended norm activation) theory. The important finding was that the EC scale is superior to the AC Beliefs scale in terms of reliability and dimensionality of sub-scales in Myanmar samples. Thus, in order to further study the environmental attitudes, values, intention, and behavior of the people in Myanmar, the ECs scale would be essential, applicable, and beneficial for further research

Clinical and molecular surveillance of artemisinin resistant falciparum malaria in Myanmar (2009–2013)

Abstract Background Emergence of artemisinin-resistant malaria in Southeast Asian countries threatens the global control of malaria. Although K13 kelch propeller has been assessed for artemisinin resistance molecular marker, most of the mutations need to be validated. In this study, artemisinin resistance was assessed by clinical and molecular analysis, including k13 and recently reported markers, pfarps10, pffd and pfmdr2. Methods A prospective cohort study in 1160 uncomplicated falciparum patients was conducted after treatment with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), in 6 sentinel sites in Myanmar from 2009 to 2013. Therapeutic efficacy of ACT was assessed by longitudinal follow ups. Molecular markers analysis was done on all available day 0 samples. Results True recrudescence treatment failures cases and day 3 parasite positivity were detected at only the southern Myanmar sites. Day 3 positive and k13 mutants with higher prevalence of underlying genetic foci predisposing to become k13 mutant were detected only in southern Myanmar since 2009 and comparatively fewer mutations of pfarps10, pffd, and pfmdr2 were observed in western Myanmar. K13 mutations, V127M of pfarps10, D193Y of pffd, and T448I of pfmdr2 were significantly associated with day 3 positivity (OR: 6.48, 3.88, 2.88, and 2.52, respectively). Conclusions Apart from k13, pfarps10, pffd and pfmdr2 are also useful for molecular surveillance of artemisinin resistance especially where k13 mutation has not been reported. Appropriate action to eliminate the resistant parasites and surveillance on artemisinin resistance should be strengthened in Myanmar. Trial registration This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02792816