THE LEVEL OF RUMINATIVE THOUGHT AND ALEXITHYMIA OF PEOPLE IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PROCESS

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic process caused many physiological and psychological effects on individuals. This study aims to examine the ruminative thinking and alexithymia levels of people in the COVID-19 pandemic process. Methods: The descriptive, cross-sectional, and the correlational designed study was conducted with 852 people in İstanbul Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic process between March and May 2020. The data of the research was collected with the Sociodemographic Form Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire. Results: It was found that the average of ruminative thought score of the people was 92.49±19.89 and the alexithymia score average was 71.76±13.70. A positive and significant relationship was found between the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and subscale scores (p<0.05). According to the results, ruminative thinking levels were affected by 12% alexithymia level and 9% time spent on conversation. A statistically significant relationship was found between rumination, alexithymia, and its sub-dimensions and the number of times people spend for conversation during the day and the number of people they live with (p<0.05). It was determined that those living with family/friends were lower than those who were alone, and those with good communication in relationships had lower rumination and alexithymia (p<0.05). Conclusion: Care should be taken against alexithymia and rumination during the COVID-19 pandemic process, and attention should be given to interpersonal relationships, conversation, and communication in the quarantine process

Waste Management of Ege University during the COVID-19 period

Ege University manages packaging wastes, hazardous wastes, electronic wastes and organic wastes within the scope of integrated waste management and has been awarded the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization Zero Waste Certificate. For packaging waste, recycled and non-recyclable wastes are collected separately. Recycled wastes are collected in blue boxes and gray boxes are used for non-recyclable wastes. Along with the pandemic period, with the directive of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, extra gray boxes were added and used to collect waste materials such as masks, gloves, etc. The first COVID case in Turkey started in March 2020 and these studies came into effect in April. In this context, all staff and students are informed and the health of the community and the environment is protected.Keyword: waste management, mask and glove waste management, COVID-1

Data on the population structure of the European Pond Turtle, Emys orbicularis (LINNAEUS, 1758) in Lake Suluklu (western Anatolia, Turkey)

WOS: 000293549200004The authors monitored the population of the European Pond Turtle, Em's orbicularis (LINNAEUS, 1758) in Lake Suluklu (Manisa, Turkey) from April to September 2010. According to these estimations, 6.8% of the population were juveniles, 39.1% males and 54.1% females. Using Jolly-Seber's formula, the population size was calculated as 205 (Standard Error = 19.5, range = 167-243), survival rate as 0.82, and capture probability as 0.31. The adult sex ratio was significantly skewed in favor of females (males:females 0.7, P <= 0.009). Mean straight carapace length (SCL), plastron length (PT), and body mass (BM) of adult turtles were for males (n = 52) SCL = 132.2 +/- 1.19 mm, PL = 120.3 +/- 0.98 mm, and BM = 407.4 +/- 94.01 g, and for females (n = 72) SCL = 147.8 +/- 1.44 mm, PL = 144.4 +/- 1.39, and BM = 707.4 +/- 132.11 g. The factors threatening the local population were discussed

Age determination and long bone histology in Stellagama stellio (Linnaeus, 1758) (Squamata: Sauria: Agamidae) populations in Turkey

WOS: 000338416600010In this study, the age structures of the four populations of Roughtail Rock Agama, Stellagama stellio distributed in Turkey were determined and their long bone development was examined from a histological perspective. The ages of some 218individuals (32 juveniles, 86 male male, 100 female female) captured from the Mediterranean, Transitional Mediterranean, Aegean, and Central Anatolia Regions were computed with the method of skeletochronology, and the correlation between age and the SVL (the snout-vent length) was compared. The mean SVL was greater in males than in females, and this difference was found statistically significant in all populations except for the Central Anatolian population. The mean ages for male and female individuals were calculated as 3.44 +/- 1.26 and 3.18 +/- 1.18 years in the Mediterranean population, as 4.65 +/- 1.25 and 3.69 +/- 1.31 years in the Transitional Mediterranean population, as 4.05 +/- 1.32 and 3.36 +/- 1.46 years in the Aegean population, and as 4.20 +/- 1.87 and 3.60 +/- 2.01 years in the Central Anatolian population, respectively. The oldest individuals were encountered in the Central Anatolian populations, and the maximum age detected for both sexes was 7 years. It was determined that the age at maturity was 3 in all the populations under examination and that there was not any difference in age at maturity either among the populations or between sexes. There was a significant positive correlation between age and the SVL. The impacts of environmental factors on age structures were examined, and altitude, latitude and climate were found effective on longevity. Histologically, the primary bone, which developed in the embryonic period, was preserved throughout the life of a species even in the oldest individual. Neither secondary bone development nor formation of lamellar systems was encountered. It was seen that intramembranous and endochondral ossification mechanisms played a joint role in long bone development.Research Fund Accountancy of Ege University, TurkeyEge University [2011FEN008]This study emerged from a Ph.D. thesis by the first author, supervised by Prof. Dr. D. AYAZ. We thank to Assoc. Dr. K. CICEK for their help in the field. This study financially supported by the Research Fund Accountancy of Ege University, Turkey (2011FEN008)

Aestivation observed in Testudo graeca ibera PALLAS, 1814 in southern Anatolia (Turkey)

WOS: 00028764020000

New data on facultative paedomorphism of the smooth newt, Lissotriton vulgaris, in Western Anatolia, Turkey

WOS: 000289598000013During a monitoring survey of the amphibians and reptiles in Lake Suluklu (Manisa, Turkey) in the spring of 2010, we found that the smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris) population was composed of partially paedomorphic individuals. During the study, 146 aquatic individuals (56 males, 90 females) were captured and marked. Of these individuals, 27 (seven males, 20 females) were paedomorphic. The population size in Lake Suluklu was calculated as 305 (SE = 20.72, range = 270-351). According to these data, it was calculated that about 18.5% (56 individuals) of the population consisted of paedomorphic individuals

An observation of haversian systems in Stellagama stellio (Linnaeus, 1758) (Squamata: Sauria: Agamidae) in Barla/Isparta, Turkey

WOS: 000365097200019In this study, we observed haversian systems on the endosteal surface of the femur bone of one male individual of Roughtail Rock Agama, Stellagama stellio, which was collected from Barla/Isparta province of Turkey. It was observed that the haversian canal was located on the center of the haversian systems or secondary osteons, and it was surrounded by concentric lamellae. All lamellae were separated from each other by a cement line that stained darker than other constituents. Volkmann's canals were not observed between haversian canals, and other concentric lamellae were not encountered between periosteum and haversian systems. These results indicate that remodeling can be partly seen in this species. Our study is important in terms of being the first record to demonstrate haversian systems on the femur bone of S. stellio.General Directorate of Agricultural Research and PoliciesGida Tarim Ve Hayvancilik Bakanligi [TAGEM-BS-12/01-06/01-29]This work was supported by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (Project Number: TAGEM-BS-12/01-06/01-29)

Food composition of the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) in Lake Suluklu (Western Anatolia, Turkey)

WOS: 000298288500012We examined the seasonal changes in the food composition of the European pond turtle, Emys orbicularis in Lake Suluklu (Manisa, Turkey) during spring and summer 2010. The stomach contents of 110 (40 males, 62 females, eight juveniles) E. orbicularis individuals were analyzed, and 461 prey items were found. Gastropods (2.2%), earthworms (0.4%), insects (67.2%), fishes (6.9%), amphibians (15.0%), and plant material (8.2%) constituted the food of the species. Food consisted primarily of insects and other invertebrates during the breeding season and of vertebrate and plant material (especially seeds and roots) during the post-breeding season. Based on these results, the European pond turtle is a generalist opportunistic omnivore whose diet is most strongly influenced by prey availability

Distribution and morphology of Mauremys rivulata (Valenciennes, 1833) (Reptilia : Testudines : Geoemydidae) in the Lake District and Mediterranean Region of Turkey

WOS: 000255972700006Morphometric measurements and color-pattern features of 62 samples of Mauremys rivulata from the Lake District (Goller Bolgesi) and the Mediterranean Region of Turkey were compared. Between populations, males apparently differed in 10 characters and females in 12 characters (independent t-test), but coefficient of difference (CD) values for these characters were not significant, and sexes were combined into a single group and compared with Aegean M. rivulata with respect to morphometric features. The greatest straight carapace length (SCL) observed in a male and female Aegean specimen was 215.0 mm and 214.0 mm, respectively. This paper also provides the first record of M. rivulata in Lake Egrdir of the Lake District. Mauremys rivulata specimens were captured in Sakcagozu-Komurler (Gaziantep) on the easternmost border of the study site, whereas no M. capica specimens were encountered in the area