Charge-transfer induced large nonlinear optical properties of small Al Clusters: Al4M4

We investigate the linear and nonlinear electric polarizabilities of small Al4M4 (M=Li, Na and K) clusters. Quantum chemical calculations reveal that these compounds exhibit an exceptionally high magnitude of linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) coefficients which are orders of magnitude higher than the conventional pi-conjugated systems of similar sizes. We attribute such phenomenal increase to non-centrosymmetricity incorporated in the systems by the alkali atoms surrounding the ring leading to charge transfer with small optical gap and low bond length alternation (BLA). Such a low magnitude of the BLA from a different origin, suggests the possibility that these clusters are aromatic in character and along with the large NLO coefficients they appear to be better candidates for next generation NLO fabrication devices

Proton-Pump Mechanism in Retinal Schiff Base: On the molecular structure of the M-state

Theoretical characterizations of the various intermediates in the proton pump cycle of the retinal Schiff base in the Halobacterium salinarium have been performed. Contrary to the general belief over the years that the most stable intermediate, the M-state, is a non-protonated cis-isomer, we find that the M-state is a polarized cis-isomer stabilized due to interactions of the dissociating proton with the pi-electrons. The role of proton in the pump cycle is found to be profound leading to the stabilization or in certain cases destabilization of the intermediates. We propose the chemical structure of the M-state for the first time

A study on the effect of habitual consumption of Madhuca longifolia drinks on the prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia among santhal tribals

Background: Madhuca longifolia (mahua) is a tropically growing tree found in various parts of India mostly on plain lands. The tree is considered a boon by the tribals who are forest dwellers because of its manifold medicinal properties. Studies show that in animals, alcoholic extracts of this tree produce beneficial effects on diabetic and lipid profile. It is the purpose of this study to know whether these beneficial effects are observed in Santhals many of whom are regular consumers of Madhuca longifolia drinks.Methods: Diabetic and lipid profile of blood along with standard anthropometric parameters were measured in a population of Santhal tribe (only males were chosen) many of whom, but not all, are regular consumers of mahua drinks. These findings were statistically analysed and compared using student’s t-test and inference drawn.Results: Results show that anthropometric parameters do not differ much, but FBS. HbA1c, cholesterol and LDL these parameters are lower in mahua consumers compared to those in non-consumers. HDL is raised in mahua consumers compared to the other group. No significant effect was observed in case of VLDL and triglycerides.Conclusions: Study shows that regular mahua drinks among Santhal tribe do improve diabetic and lipid profile, except triglycerides and VLDL. Further and more elaborate studies are needed to have proper insight and practical gains in this regard

Probotics: A Promising Solution for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (Ibs)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a distressing functional gastrointestinal disorder that is increasingly recognized as a condition involving both the gut and the brain. In today's healthcare landscape, probiotics have become a common component of many people's wellness routines, independent of prescribed medications. There is substantial evidence supporting the potential of probiotics to provide therapeutic benefits for individuals dealing with irritable bowel syndrome. Recent studies emphasize the pivotal role of the microbial factor in the pathophysiology of IBS, as some research has identified significant alterations in the gut microbiome of individuals with IBS. Consequently, the impact of probiotics on IBS patients is under intense investigation in the current era of probiotic research. The precise mechanisms of action are not yet fully understood, but presently, probiotic products tailored for IBS relief are readily available in the market and have shown the potential to alleviate symptoms effectively. Evidence suggested that strains of Lactobacillus species, strains of Pediococcus species and Bifidibacterium species may show effective results in some patients of IBS. The aim of this study is to uncover potential causative factors contributing to IBS and to explore the use of probiotics as an efficacious treatment approach for IBS