発達障害児の父親の文献検討－父親を取り巻く環境に焦点を当てて－

　発達障害児の父親の現状やそれを取り巻く環境を明らかにすることで、発達障害児の養育者の支援についての示唆を得ることを目的に発達障害児の父親に関する文献検討を行った。結果、多くの研究で父親を母親の主たる支援者として位置づけているところから調査が構成されていることが明らかになった。また、障害の気づきや告知当初において、父親自らが子どもの特徴や家族の状況を受け入れる経過を保証し支える視点と、父親が受け入れるまでの期間、母子の孤立を防ぐための支援の両立が家族支援の視点として必要であることが示唆された。家族の形態が多様化している現在、発達障害児の父親に対して、そして発達障害児の母親の夫に対しての様々なニーズが存在する。支援者が考える「こうあるべき」父親・夫像ではなく、夫婦や家族で話し合い、調整し会える環境づくりも重要な支援となることが考えられた

Formation of an Ultracarbonaceous Antarctic Micrometeorite through Minimum Aqueous Alteration in a Small Porous Icy Body

A comprehensive study of the organic chemistry and mineralogy of an ultracarbonaceous micrometeorite (UCAMM D05IB80) collected from near the Dome Fuji Station, Antarctica, was carried out to understand the genetic relationship among organic materials, silicates, and water. The micrometeorite is composed of a dense aggregate of ∼5 µm-sized hollow ellipsoidal organic material containing submicrometer-sized phases such as glass with embedded metal and sulfides (GEMS) and mineral grains. There is a wide area of organic material (∼15 × 15 μm) in its interior. Low-Ca pyroxene is much more abundant than olivine and shows various Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratios ranging from ∼1.0 to 0.78, which is common to previous works on UCAMMs. By contrast, GEMS grains in this UCAMM have unusual chemical compositions. They are depleted in both Mg and S, which suggests that these elements were leached out from the GEMS grains during very weak aqueous alteration, without the formation of phyllosilicates. The organic materials have two textures—smooth and globular with an irregular outline—and these are composed of imine, nitrile and/or aromatic nitrogen heterocycles, and amide. The ratio of nitrogen to carbon (N/C) in the smooth region of the organics is ∼0.15, which is five times higher than that of insoluble organic macromolecules in types 1 and 2 carbonaceous chondritic meteorites. In addition, the UCAMM organic materials are soluble in epoxy and are thus hydrophilic; this polar nature indicates that they are very primitive. The surface of the material is coated with an inorganic layer, a few nanometers thick, that consists of C, O, Si, S, and Fe. Sulfur is also contained in the interior, implying the presence of organosulfur moieties. There are no isotopic anomalies of D, 13C, or 15N in the organic material. Interstellar photochemistry alone would not be sufficient to explain the N/C ratio of the UCAMM organics; therefore, we suggest that a very small amount of fluid on a comet must have been necessary for the formation of the UCAMM. The GEMS grains depleted in Mg and S in the UCAMM prove a very weak degree of aqueous alteration; weaker than that of carbonaceous chondrites. Short-duration weak alteration probably caused by planetesimal shock locally melted cometary ice grains and released water that dissolved the organics; the fluid would likely have not mobilized because of the very low thermal conductivity of the porous icy body. This event allowed the formation of the large organic puddle of the UCAMM, as well as organic matter sulfurization, formation of thin membrane-like layers of minerals, and deformation of organic nanoglobules.アクセプト後にタイトル・アブストラクト等変更あり、著者最終稿は変更前のタイトル"Formation of an Ultracarbonaceous Antarctic Micrometeorite through Minimum Aqueous Alteration in a Small Porous Icy Body"This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (No. 22224010, PI: H. Nagahara). The STXM facility at the beamline 5.3.2.2, ALS, is supported by the Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences Program

Organic chemical variation between hydrous and anhydrous Antarctic micrometeorites

第6回極域科学シンポジウム[OA] 南極隕石11月17日（火）　国立国語研究所 2階 講

Study on the Youth Project to Support from Remote Place in the Early Stage of the Disaster : Case Study of Information Support Using SNS at the Kumamoto Earthquake in 2016

In our research, we investigated information support using SNS at the time of disaster. There is an advantage that anyone can easily get and spread information. Therefore, it is effective to provide information using SNS. In conclusion, from the distant place young people of nonprofessional that they can support by using SNS. Introducing on the case of "YA4K" of facebook group who actually carried out support activities.研究ノー

Carbon plain weave textile reinforced epoxy modified with cellulose nano fibers: effect of CNF length

The present investigation gives a contribution on understanding the effects of hybrid epoxy resins, enhanced with cellulose nano fibers (CNF), on the mechanical performance of carbon fibers plain weave textile composites. The experimental investigation considered two lengths of CNF for the same weight content (0.3%) in the epoxy resin. The effects on the mechanical performance, compared to the composite with pure resin counterpart, were assessed with: quasi-static tensile and bending loading. Moreover, bending and tensile cyclic loading, for some stress levels, were supposed to detect advantages of the hybrid resin in extending the fatigue life of the textile composite. The results show slight variations of the quasi-static properties and a considerable extension of the fatigue life mainly when the longer CNF are considered

Article Antianxiety-Like Effects of Chimpi (Dried Citrus Peels) in the Elevated Open-Platform Test

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Antianxiety-Like Effects of Chimpi (Dried Citrus Peels) in the Elevated Open-Platform Test

Dried citrus peels (Chimpi) is one of the most common natural medicines with qi (energy flow) rectifying and shi (dampness) drying actions, which originates from Citrus unshiu, and/or C. reticulata according to the definition of the pharmacopoeiae of Japan and China. In this study, the pharmacological effects of their extracts and major chemical constituents hesperidin and its aglycone hesperetin on anxiety were examined with an anxiety model of elevated open-platform test using ICR male mice (6-week-old) and total duration of freezing was decreased in fluoxetine-treated mice, which is a simple and highly sensitive to the effects of serotonergic anxiolytics. Moreover, yokukansankachimpihange (YKH), a combination of yokukansan with Chimpi and Hange (Pinellia) was also examined because Chimpi is considered to play a crucial part in this formula against anxious symptoms in dementia patients. The results showed that Chimpi and YKH possess a significant anxiolytic-like effect similar to that of fluoxetine, suggesting that they might be similar to fluoxetine in their pharmacological actions through the serotonergic neurotransmission pathway. Moreover, it also suggested that the major chemical constituent, hesperidin could be an active principle attributed to the antianxiety-like effects with a direct and indirect role via its aglycone hesperetin