イメージトレーニングが両手間学習転移におよぼす影響

To assess the effects of image training, the paradigm of intermanual transfer in the mirror drawing task was adopted. It is assumed that effect of image training should be transferred to the unpractice hand, since learning of the determination of the trajectory of hand during arm movement is provided by image training. Subjects were divided into three groups. Physical Training group (PT) received physical practice, Image Training group (IT) imagined the performance and Control group (CT) were asked to add one-digit numbers. The data showed a negative transfer in PT and positive transfer in IT and CT. The findings suggested that the image training caused learning of determination of the trajectory of a hand in Cartesian coordinates. But the result can not make clear the difference between IT and CT

体育系大学生の友人関係とスポーツマン的自我同一性との関連性について

スポーツ活動に深い関わりを持つ大学生の友人関係の特徴を明らかにすることを目的として質問紙調査を実施した。友人関係に関する尺度得点をもとにクラスター分析を行った結果、友人関係に積極的な態度を示す群、友人に対して気遣う群、積極的な交友関係に否定的な態度を示す群の3群が得られた。スポーツマン的自我同一性尺度の得点において友人に対して気遣う群の得点が他の2群と比較して最も高い値を示した。This study examined the characteristics of friendship among students in a sports science college. Using cluster analysis, three clusters were obtained : student who take active relationships with their friends(Cluster 1); students who were worried about hurting their friends(Cluster 2); students who deny active friendships(Cluster 3). Students of Cluster2 showed higher scores in athletes\u27 identity scales than those of Cluster1 and 3 about

運動技能学習における練習の多様性効果に関する研究 : 回転盤追跡課題におけるシェマルールの発達

本研究は運動の連続的な課題における練習の多様性効果を調査するために計画された。被験者は利き手で毎分50回転で時計回りに回る光点を追跡する課題が課せられた。40試行の後, 被験者は, 5回のテスト試行(半径90mm)と5回の転移試行(半径39mmまたは141mm)行った。学習条件は次のとおりである。(1)単一半径群(テスト半径)(2)単一半径群(テスト半径ではない)(3)4種類の半径群(テスト半径を含む)(4)4種類の半径群(テスト半径を含まない)64名の被験者は無作為に、4つの学習条件に振り分けられた。テスト試行と転移試行とにおいて、テスト半径を含む群とテスト半径が含まれない群の間には差はなかった。この結果は技能学習における閉回路理論を支持するものではない。また、テスト試行と転移試行とにおいて、多様性群と単一半径群との間に差はなかった。この結果は、技能の獲得におけるシェマの概念を支持するものではない。この結果は、練習の多様性効果の分析において課題の特性は重要な要因であることを示唆している。またそれは、連続的な課題が分離された課題と別のカテゴリーに属するものというより、むしろ後者が集成されたものという考え方を支持しているのではないかと推察される。The present study was designed to investigate the effects of practice variablity in continuous skill of motor performance. Subjects were assigned a tracking task of rotating light spots with preferred-hand, which was 50rpm in a clockwise direction. After fourty learning trials, subjects performed 5 test trials (radius of 90mm) and 5 transfer trials (radius of 39mm or 141mm). The learning conditions were as follows : (1) one radius (test radius) group, (2) one radius (non-test radius) group. (3) four radius (contained test radius) groups. (4) four radius (non-test radius) group. Totally 64 subjects were divided arbitrarily into these four groups. No difference between containd test radius group and non-test radius group was found both in test and transfer trials, which do not support the closed-loop theory of skill acquisition. There was no difference between four variability group and one radius group both in test and transfer trials, which do not support the schema notion of skill acquisition. These results suggested that task characteristics are important factor for analysing the effects of practice variability. It is also conceivable that continuous skill is not separate category from discrete skill but rather integration of the latter

体育系大学学生の友人関係の特徴 : 日常生活行動との関連性について

The purpose of this study is to elucidate knowledge on friendship among students at a sports science university and the characteristics of friendship behavior apparent in daily activities. We studied relations to aspects such as self-image and self-esteem, which are related to self-development in youth. As a result, we identified statistically significant correlation between a number of factors related to knowledge of friendship and public self-image

Suzaku Observation of HCG 62: Temperature, Abundance, and Extended Hard X-ray Emission Profiles

We present results of 120 ks observation of a compact group of galaxies HCG~62 ($z=0.0145$) with Suzaku XIS and HXD-PIN\@. The XIS spectra for four annular regions were fitted with two temperature {\it vapec} model with variable abundance, combined with the foreground Galactic component. The Galactic component was constrained to have a common surface brightness among the four annuli, and two temperature {\it apec} model was preferred to single temperature model. We confirmed the multi-temperature nature of the intra-group medium reported with Chandra and XMM-Newton, with a doughnut-like high temperature ring at radii 3.3--6.5$'$ in a hardness image. We found Mg, Si, S, and Fe abundances to be fairly robust. We examined the possible ``high-abundance arc'' at $\sim 2'$ southwest from the center, however Suzaku data did not confirm it. We suspect that it is a misidentification of an excess hot component in this region as the Fe line. Careful background study showed no positive detection of the extended hard X-rays previously reported with ASCA, in 5--12 keV with XIS and 12--40 keV with HXD-PIN, although our upper limit did not exclude the ASCA result. There is an indication that the X-ray intensity in $r<3.3'$ region is $70\pm 19$% higher than the nominal CXB level (5--12 keV), and Chandra and Suzaku data suggest that most of this excess could be due to concentration of hard X-ray sources with an average photon index of $\Gamma=1.38\pm 0.06$. Cumulative mass of O, Fe and Mg in the group gas and the metal mass-to-light ratio were derived and compared with those in other groups. Possible role of AGN or galaxy mergers in this group is also discussed.Comment: 29 pages with 9 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ Vol 60, second Suzaku special issu