10 research outputs found
La evolución de los textos de pregrado de finanzas corporativas
This article is intended to honor the work of Professor Stephen Allan Ross, who passed away in March 2017, by disseminating the fundamentals of financial theory through his corporate finance textbooks. After a review of different business finance texts that cover from the late nineteenth century to mid-2010, among others, the change of perspective is appreciated. From the empirical and descriptive approach of texts prior to the mid-twentieth century, contemporary corporate finance books are characterized by incorporating the fundamentals of financial theory complemented by practical situations circumscribed not only to the us.Este artículo tiene la intención de homenajear la labor que desempeñó el profesor Stephen Allan Ross, quien falleció en marzo de 2017, al difundir los fundamentos de la teoría financiera a través de sus libros de texto de finanzas corporativas. Luego de una revisión a diferentes textos de finanzas empresariales que cubren desde finales del siglo xix hasta mediados de la década de 2010, se aprecia, entre otros, el cambio de perspectiva. Del enfoque empírico y descriptivo de los textos anteriores a la mitad del siglo xx, los libros contemporáneos de finanzas corporativas se caracterizan por incorporar los fundamentos de la teoría financiera complementados con situaciones prácticas circunscritas no solo a Estados Unidos
El Fondo de Garantías de Instituciones Financieras y la prima de seguro de depósitos, 1988-2022
One of the functions of the Financial Institutions Guarantee Fund (Fogafín) is to organize the deposit insurance system. The law states that the insurance premium must be differential or there must be a return system according to the risk of the covered institution. Fogafín decided to adopt a system of additional collection or partial refund of the deposit insurance premium. The purpose of this investigation is to determine if the methodology that Fogafín uses to assess whether the collection or partial refund of the premium is appropriate has change over time. For this, a documentary review of the regulations developed by Fogafín, applicable to credit establishments, was carried out. From this review, it was found that Fogafín initially decided on a system of partial refund of the insurance premium that was based on the credit rating that a risk rating agency granted of the guaranteed financial institution. Then, Fogafín decided on a system of additional collection and partial return of the insurance premium and for this, it adopted the CAMEL or CAMELS methodology, which over time has been adapted to include in the risk assessment of the covered financial entity, for example, some representative indicators of best prudential regulation practices.Una de las funciones del Fondo de Garantías de Instituciones Financieras (Fogafín) es organizar el sistema de seguro de depósitos. La ley señala que la prima de seguro debe ser diferencial o existir un sistema de devolución acorde al riesgo de la institución amparada. Fogafín decidió adoptar un sistema de cobro adicional o devolución parcial de la prima de seguro de depósitos. Esta investigación tiene por propósito determinar si la metodología que utiliza Fogafín para evaluar la pertinencia o no del cobro o devolución parcial de la prima ha cambiado con el tiempo. Para ello, se adelantó una revisión documental de la normatividad que para el efecto desarrolló Fogafín, aplicable a los establecimientos de crédito. De esta revisión se encontró que Fogafín decidió adoptar, en un principio, un sistema de devolución parcial de la prima de seguro que tenía como base la calificación crediticia que una agencia calificadora de riesgo otorgaba a la institución financiera garantizada. Luego, Fogafín adoptó un sistema de cobro adicional y devolución parcial de la prima de seguro y, para ello, acogió la metodología CAMEL o CAMELS, que con el paso del tiempo ha ido adaptando para incluir en la evaluación de riesgo de la entidad financiera amparada, por ejemplo, algunos indicadores representativos de mejores prácticas de regulación prudencial
Determinantes de la política de dividendos: evidencia del mercado latinoamericano (2012-2018)
This article studies the determinants of the dividend policy of the Latin American market, based on previous research carried out on companies located in Spain, Nigeria, Romania, the United States and the United Arab Emirates. The research seeks to establish what were the determinants of the dividend policy of Latin companies (from Colombia, Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Peru and Panama) for the periods between 2012-2018. In line with the above, this study seeks to determine the relationship that leverage, profitability, size, taxes, liquidity, risk, domicile and the industry of companies in the Latin market have with the dividend policy that they establish. Finally, the study (through econometric models) shows evidence of the relevance of risk perception on the firm, to establish the dividend policy.En este artículo se estudian los determinantes de la política de dividendos del mercado latinoamericano, partiendo de investigaciones previas realizadas sobre empresas localizadas en España, Nigeria, Rumania, Estados Unidos y Emiratos Árabes. La investigación busca establecer cuáles fueron los determinantes de la política de dividendos de empresas latinas (de Colombia, México, Brasil, Chile, Perú y Panamá) para los periodos comprendidos entre 2012-2018. En línea con lo anterior, este estudio busca determinar la relación que tienen el apalancamiento, la rentabilidad, el tamaño, los impuestos, la liquidez, el riesgo, el domicilio y la industria de empresas del mercado latino con la política de dividendos que estas establecen. Finalmente, el estudio (a través de modelos econométricos) muestra evidencia de la relevancia que tiene la percepción del riesgo sobre la firma, para establecer la política de dividendos
The evolution of Corporate Finance undergraduate texts
Este artículo tiene la intención de homenajear la labor que desempeñó el profesor Stephen Allan Ross, quien falleció en marzo de 2017, al difundir los fundamentos de la teoría financiera a través de sus libros de texto de finanzas corporativas. Luego de una revisión a diferentes textos de finanzas empresariales que cubren desde finales del siglo xix hasta mediados de la década de 2010, se aprecia, entre otros, el cambio de perspectiva. Del enfoque empírico y descriptivo de los textos anteriores a la mitad del siglo xx, los libros contemporáneos de finanzas corporativas se caracterizan por incorporar los fundamentos de la teoría financiera complementados con situaciones prácticas circunscritas no solo a Estados Unidos.This article is intended to honor the work of Professor Stephen Allan Ross, who passed away in March 2017, by disseminating the fundamentals of financial theory through his corporate finance textbooks. After a review of different business finance texts that cover from the late nineteenth century to mid-2010, among others, the change of perspective is appreciated. From the empirical and descriptive approach of texts prior to the mid-twentieth century, contemporary corporate finance books are characterized by incorporating the fundamentals of financial theory complemented by practical situations circumscribed not only to the us
Artificial Neural Networks for Sovereign Risk Rating
Mediante el uso de redes neuronales artificiales se replica la calificación
soberana que Fitch, Moody’s y S&P publican. Al considerar la calificación
crediticia con ± 1 nivel en la escala crediticia, la precisión alcanza 80 %.
Esta investigación es innovadora tanto por utilizar técnicas de aprendizaje de
máquina para modelar el riesgo soberano como por incluir en las variables
relevantes los indicadores de gobernabilidad mundial. Las pruebas realizadas
sobre las diferentes variables permiten discriminar a los emisores por
su perfil de riesgo. Los resultados sugieren a los responsables de política
pública la necesidad de mejorar el desempeño de las variables analizadas y
así lograr progresos en la evaluación crediticia.Using artificial neural networks, the sovereign rating published by Fitch,
Moody’s and S&P is replicated. When considering the credit rating with ± 1
level on the credit scale, the accuracy reaches 80 %. This research is innovative
both for using machine learning techniques to model sovereign risk and
for including world governance indicators in the relevant variables. The test
carried out on the different variables makes it possible to discriminate issuers
based on their risk profile. The results suggest to those responsible for public policy the need to improve the performance of the variables analyzed and thus
achieve progress in credit evaluation
From the problem of the points to value an option, then no one knows: a Journey whitout ending
This article seeks to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Japanese Kiyosi Itô’s (1915-2008) birth, whose research in the field of mathematics has had an unexpected impact on different areas of human life, for example, biology, economics, engineering, finance and physics. This essay, rather than carry out a detail review of the different jobs that Itô has made throughout his lifetime, intends to make a tribute to some researchers and their developments from the past. Researchers, whose work sometimes remained forgotten for a while and thanks to a new stream of researchers interested in history and the stories of the development of finance knowledge, rediscovered and brought it again to light. As a consequence of this archeological work, it would be possible for a new wave of researchers to analyze their progress and may be find unanticipated applications to such efforts
From the problem of the points to value an option, then no one knows: a Journey whitout ending
This article seeks to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Japanese Kiyosi Itô’s (1915-2008) birth, whose research in the field of mathematics has had an unexpected impact on different areas of human life, for example, biology, economics, engineering, finance and physics. This essay, rather than carry out a detail review of the different jobs that Itô has made throughout his lifetime, intends to make a tribute to some researchers and their developments from the past. Researchers, whose work sometimes remained forgotten for a while and thanks to a new stream of researchers interested in history and the stories of the development of finance knowledge, rediscovered and brought it again to light. As a consequence of this archeological work, it would be possible for a new wave of researchers to analyze their progress and may be find unanticipated applications to such efforts
Determinants of dividend policy: Evidence from the Latin American market (2012-2018)
En este artículo se estudian los determinantes de la política de dividendos del mercado latinoamericano, partiendo de investigaciones previas realizadas sobre empresas localizadas en España, Nigeria, Rumania, Estados Unidos y Emiratos Árabes. La investigación busca establecer cuáles fueron los determinantes de la política de dividendos de empresas latinas (de Colombia, México, Brasil, Chile, Perú y Panamá) para los periodos comprendidos entre 2012-2018. En línea con lo anterior, este estudio busca determinar la relación que tienen el apalancamiento, la rentabilidad, el tamaño, los impuestos, la liquidez, el riesgo, el domicilio y la industria de empresas del mercado latino con la política de dividendos que estas establecen. Finalmente, el estudio (a través de modelos econométricos) muestra evidencia de la relevancia que tiene la percepción del riesgo sobre la firma, para establecer la política de dividendos.This article studies the determinants of the dividend policy of the Latin American market, based on previous research carried out on companies located in Spain, Nigeria, Romania, the United States and the United Arab Emirates. The research seeks to establish what were the determinants of the dividend policy of Latin companies (from Colombia, Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Peru and Panama) for the periods between 2012-2018. In line with the above, this study seeks to determine the relationship that leverage, profitability, size, taxes, liquidity, risk, domicile and the industry of companies in the Latin market have with the dividend policy that they establish. Finally, the study (through econometric models) shows evidence of the relevance of risk perception on the firm, to establish the dividend policy
Bonos verdes en la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (diciembre 2016-diciembre 2019) Nuevo producto de inversión para enfrentar el cambio climático
La baja contribución de Colombia en la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero
(gei) (0,2%) no significa que sea ajeno a los efectos del cambio climático. Para
enfrentar este riesgo, el país se comprometió a reducir, para el año 2030, las
emisiones de gei en no menos del 20%. Para ello, requiere movilizar recursos
estimados en 1,4 billones (promedio anual 3.5 billion annually. Between
December 2016 and December 2019, green bonds for 0.5 billion) have been placed on the Colombian Stock Exchange,
which is only 14% of the budget. As an explanation for this low result, the
introduction into the market of similar bonds (orange, social and sustainable)
was suggested on the one hand, and on the other, the disparity in the reports
of the issuers that give an account of the destination and results of the financed
projects. A literature review was conducted to verify the above. This research
highlights the fact that despite the limited number of green bond issues, the
emergence of similar bonds and reporting differences do not appear to affect
the investor’s interest in joining green projects