Effects of Forage Legumes Sowing in the Fallow Year on Silage Yield and Quality Characteristics of Subsequent Cereals

In this study, the effect of P. arvense-H. vulgare mixture and V. pannonica grown in the fallow year on silage yield and quality of subsequent cereals were investigated in the arid condition of Eskişehir, Turkey. The fresh weight of P. arvense-H. vulgare mixture with 2750 kg/da was found two-fold high than V. pannonica. P. arvense-H. vulgare mixture significantly increased the fresh and dry hay weights of cereals except for H. vulgare cv. İnce. In addition, the highest grain yield was obtained by growing Triticosecale cv. Karma in P. arvense-H. vulgare mixture plots. Due to the high pH and low dry matter content of triticale samples, the Fleig scores were very low, which is a quality indicator in silage. ADF and NDF ratios were the highest in A. sativa cv. Checato as a negative quality factor. Top-dressing of nitrogen had a positive effect on the crude protein ratio. It was concluded that production of quality roughage can be sustainably increased by growing P. arvense-H. vulgare mixture in barren areas in the fallow year and followed by sowed cvs. Karma, Müfitbey, and Checato in the cereal growing season

Zeytin (olea europea l.) yaprağının antioksidan etkilerinin in vitro yöntemlerle araştırılması

In this study, antioxidant properties of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves containing oleuropein were investigated in nhexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol based extracts obtained from dried olive leaves at different concentration by various in vitro methods. Percentage yields of the O. europaea were found for the n-hexane extract 13.21%, for ethyl acetate extract 26.15% and for methanol extract 34.59%, respectively. Total phenolic substance content (85.27±15.03%), linoleic acid reduction (89.52±9.77%) and reduction capacity (1.49±0.03) were the highest in the methanol extract. Finally, the DPPH radical scavenging efficiency (72.93±0.42%), reduction of iron (II) ions (50.53±5.53%) and superoxide radical scavenging activity (72.93±0.42%). were the highest in the ethyl acetate extract. In conclusion, it was seen that total phenolic substances, linoleic acid reduction and reduction capacity of the methanol extract of the antioxidant activity of the O. europaea was more active when equated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts. Also, it was found out that the ethyl acetate extract was more effective in DPPH radical scavenging, iron reduction, linoleic acid reduction and superoxide radical scavenging activity. According to the data obtained, it is thought that olive leaf might be evaluated as a natural and cheap alternative antioxidant in different fields such as food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical industry and animal nutrition.Bu çalışmada pek çok sekonder metabolitin yanında major madde olarak oleuropein içeren zeytin (Olea europaea L.) yaprağından elde edilen edilen n-hekzan, etil asetat ve metanol ekstrelerin farklı konsantrasyonlardaki antioksidan aktiviteleri çeşitli in vitro yöntemlerle incelenmiştir. Zeytin yaprağının n-hekzan, etil asetat ve metanollü ekstrelerinin yüzde verimleri sırasıyla %13.21, 26.15 ve %34.59 olarak bulunmuştur. Toplam fenolik madde içeriği (85.27±15.03%), linoleik asit indirgeme (89.52±9.77%) ve indirgenme kapasitesi (1.49±0.03) methanol ekstresinde en yüksek idi. Son olarak, DPPH radikali süpürücü aktivitesi (72.93±0.42%), demir (II) iyonlarını indirgeme (50.53±5.53%) ve süperoksit radikali giderme aktivitesi (72.00±1.35%) etil asetat ekstresinde en yüksekti. Sonuç olarak zeytin yaprağının metanollü ekstresinde toplam fenolik madde, linoleik asit indirgeme ve indirgenme kapasitesi diğer ekstrelere göre daha aktif bulunmuştur. DPPH radikali tutma, demir (II) şelatlama ve süperoksit radikali giderme aktivitesinde ise etil asetat ekstresinin daha etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda, zeytin yaprağının gıda, kozmetik, ilaç endüstrisi ve hayvan besleme gibi alanlarda doğal alternatif bir antioksidan olarak değerlendirilebileceği düşünülmektedir

Öğretmenlerin Akıllı Tahta Kabulü ve Kullanımını Etkileyen Faktörler: Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli

DergiPark: 670227tredBu araştırmanın amacı öğretmenlerin etkileşimli akıllı tahtaları kullanma niyetini ve kullanma davranışını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma, Birleşik Teknoloji Kabulü ve Kullanımı Teorisi-2 çerçevesinde tasarlanmıştır. Akıllı tahtalar kullanma davranışı üzerine etkisi incelenen dışsal değişkenler; performans beklentisi, çaba beklentisi, sosyal etki, kolaylaştırıcı şartlar, hedonik motivasyon, fiyat değeri, alışkanlıktır. Davranışsal niyet araştırmada aracı değişkendir. Araştırmanın verileri ilkokul, ortaokul ve lise düzeylerinde görev yapan 330 öğretmenden toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Birleşik Teknoloji Kabulü ve Kullanımı Teorisi-2 ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Dışsal değişkenlerin, içsel değişken üzerine etkisi yapısal eşitlik model analiziyle test edilmiştir. Bulgular dışsal değişkenlerin davranışsal niyetteki varyansın yüzde 62’sini yordadığını göstermektedir. Kolaylaştırıcı koşullar, alışkanlık ve davranışsal niyet birlikte kullanma davranışındaki varyansın yüzde 43’ünü yordamaktadır. Davranışsal niyet için, kolaylaştırıcı şartlar, performans beklentisi, fiyat değeri, alışkanlık anlamlı yordayıcılardır. Kullanım davranışı için ise alışkanlık ve davranışsal niyet anlamlı yordayıcılardır. Elde edilen sonuçlar modelle oldukça uyumludur. Öğretmenlerin interaktif akıllı tahtaları başarılı bir şekilde benimsemeleri için düşünülmesi gerekli olan öneriler sunulmuştur

Karyological Characteristics of Some Endemic Onobrychis Taxa Belonging to Onobrychis Section Naturally Grown in Turkey

Karyotype properties of of six endemic Onobrychis taxa (O. beata, O. cilicica, O. fallax, O. podperae, O. sulphurea and O. lasistanica) naturally grown in Turkey were determined using squash preparation method and similarity of these endemics with cultivated taxon (O. viciifolia) were revealed. Ploidy levels of Onobrychis taxa were diploid (2n=14) except O. lasistanica and O. viciifolia (2n=28). Basic chromosome number is x=7 and chromosomes ranged from median to sub median with regard to centromere position. While the longest total chromosome length was measured in O. cilicica (28.21 µm), the shortest total chromosome length was in O. beata (21.47 µm). O. cilicica and O. sulphurea have satellite on chromosome 1 and chromosome 2, respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to determine the relationships among the Onobrychis taxa and they were separated into three groups. O. fallax, and O. podperae were in the first group while O. sulphurea and O. cilicica were in the second group. O. beata, O. lasistanica, and O. viciifolia were assigned to the third group

Efficacy of functional foods in thyroid dysfunction

Günümüzde tiroid bezi hormonlarının sentez ve salınımındaki anormalliklere bağlı olarak gelişen direk ya da indirek hastalıklar insan ve hayvanların yaşam kalitesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu derlemede fonksiyonel besinler içinde yer alan tıbbi bitki türlerinin tiroid bezi metabolizması ve hormonlarına olan etkileri ile bezin çeşitli hastalıklarında koruyucu ya da iyileştirici olarak bitkilerin kullanılmasına ilişkin güncel çalışmalara yer verilmiştir.Direct or indirect diseases that are caused by abnormalities in the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones play an important role in the quality of life of humans and animals nowadays. In this review, the current works on the use of plants as protective or healing in various diseases of the gland, and the effects of medicinal plant species in which functional foods category on the thyroid gland metabolism and hormones in the traditional way are given

Determination of Genotypic Variation among Sorghum Cultivars for Seed Vigor, Salt and Drought Stresse

This study was conducted to determine genotypic variation among sorghum cultivars grown under similar ecological conditions for seed vigor, salt (NaCl) and drought stresses. A seedling survival test was also performed in a pod experiment to investigate genotypic differences in terms of sorghum drought tolerance. In seven sorghum cultivars, seed vigor was determined using electrical conductivity and accelerated ageing tests. Also, germination rate and seedling growth of these cultivars were evaluated under salt and drought stress induced by PEG 6000 at water potentials of 0.0 (distilled water), -1.8, -3.6, -7.2 and -10.8 bar. The results showed that there was a significant difference in seed vigor of sorghum cultivars grown at same ecological conditions. Akdarı produced more vigorous seeds than the other cultivars. The significant relationship between accelerated ageing and laboratory emergence (r= 0.967**), and between electrical conductivity and germination percentage (r= -0.873**) were determined. The suitable tests for germination and emergence potential in sorghum were electrical conductivity and accelerated ageing, respectively. Increasing NaCl and PEG levels inhibited germination and seedling growth. Germination, root length and shoot length were higher, whereas mean germination time was lower, in NaCl solution compared to in PEG solution at the same water potential. In salt, drought and seedling survival tests, Aldarı showed the better performance than the others. It could be concluded that seed vigor is not a reliable indicator of germination performance under salt and drought stress conditions and that genetic differences may play an important role in stress tolerance

Effect of sowing methods on silage yield and quality of some corn cultivars grown in second crop season under irrigated condition of Central Anatolia, Turkey

Silage corn has an important potential as second crop under irrigated lands of semi-arid regions. This research was conducted to determine silage yield and quality of some corn cultivars (Ada, Cadiz, Donana, Sagunto and Sakarya) grown after barley harvest using different sowing methods (direct and conventional) in 2014 and 2015 years in Eskisehir Plain. Investigated parameters were significantly different between years except for leaf ratio and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. In the first year, plant height, fresh forage yield, and Fleig point were higher than the second year but dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF) content, cob ratio and pH were contrarily higher in the second year. Sowing method significantly affected all parameters except leaf ratio. Using direct sowing method increased cob ratio (40.3 %), dry matter (22.93 %), crude protein content (7.56 %), pH (3,76) and Fleig score (85.82) compared to conventional sowing method. Cultivars significantly varied in terms of plant height, cob ratio, dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, pH, and Fleig point. Considering the total silage yield and quality the domestic cultivar Ada, which seeds are common in the market, could be suggested after barley harvest for second crop production as long as sown conventionally in irrigated lands of Central Anatolia

Beslenme Eğitimi Müdahalesine Aile Katılımının Okul Öncesi Dönemdeki Çocukların Beslenme Durumlarına Etkisi

To evaluate the effectiveness of family participation in nutrition education intervention on the nutritional status of preschool age children, a 10-week nutrition education program was implemented in 74 children in a public kindergarten. Children were assigned to one of three groups, namely the family participation group (FPG), the education group (EG), and the control group (CG). Interventions included school-based nutrition education, family nutrition education documents and family-child take-home activities and monthly meetings with families in the FPG, school-based nutrition education in the EG, and no intervention in the CG. Anthropometric measurements and a 3-day food record and food group consumption assessment were completed before and after intervention. Intervention led to positive changes in food availability, offering and consumption patterns in FPG and EG, with greater changes in FPG, along with lower obesity prevalence (p < 0.05). Our results show that family participation in a preschool nutrition education program can increase the effectiveness of nutrition education.Okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların beslenme durumuna yönelik beslenme eğitimine, aile katılımının etkinliğini değerlendirmek için bir devlet anaokuluna giden 74 çocuğa 10 haftalık bir beslenme eğitimi programı uygulanmıştır. Çocuklar, aile katılım grubu (AKG), eğitim grubu (EG) ve kontrol grubu (KG) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Müdahaleler; okul temelli beslenme eğitimi, aile beslenme eğitimi dokümanları ve aile-çocuk ev etkinlikleri ile aylık aileler ile toplantılar AKG’de, okul temelli beslenme eğitimi EG'de ve KG’da müdahale olmayacak şekilde yapılmıştır. Antropometrik ölçümler, 3 günlük besin tüketim kayıtları ve besin gruplarının tüketimlerinin değerlendirmesi müdahaleden öncesi ve sonrası tamamlanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre müdahale, AKG'nda daha fazla değişime neden olmak üzere AKG ve EG'nda, daha düşük obezite prevalansına (p < 0,05), besinin bulunabilirliği, besini sunma ve tüketiminde olumlu değişimlere yol açmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, okul öncesi beslenme eğitim programına aile katılımının beslenme eğitiminin etkinliğini artırabildiğini göstermektedir

Multicenter study of pars plana vitrectomy for optic disc pit maculopathy: MACPIT study

Purpose To evaluate surgical intervention with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for correction of optic disc pit maculopathy (ODP-M). Patients and methods Retrospective chart review from 13 centres of 51 eyes of 50 patients with ODP-M who underwent PPV between 2002-2014. Anatomic and final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcomes were evaluated for all cases with different adjuvant techniques. Results There were 23 males and 27 females with median age 25.5 (6-68) years. Preoperative median foveal thickness was 694.5 (331-1384) mu m and improved to 252.5 (153-1405) mu m. Median BCVA improved from 20/200 (20/20000 to 20/40) to 20/40 (20/2000 to 20/20) with 20/40 or better in 31 eyes. Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in 44 eyes (86.3%) at 7.1 (5.9) months. The good surgical outcomes were achieved in different adjuvant groups. Median follow-up was 24 (6 to 120) months. Conclusions These results confirm the long-term effectiveness of PPV for ODP-M. Prospective studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of any adjuvant technique in improving the success of PPV for ODP-M