Thy-1 (CD90)-Induced Metastatic Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion Are β3 Integrin-Dependent and Involve a Ca²⁺/P2X7 Receptor Signaling Axis.

Cancer cell adhesion to the vascular endothelium is an important step in tumor metastasis. Thy-1 (CD90), a cell adhesion molecule expressed in activated endothelial cells, has been implicated in melanoma metastasis by binding to integrins present in cancer cells. However, the signaling pathway(s) triggered by this Thy-1-Integrin interaction in cancer cells remains to be defined. Our previously reported data indicate that Ca <sup>2+</sup> -dependent hemichannel opening, as well as the P2X7 receptor, are key players in Thy-1-α <sub>V</sub> β <sub>3</sub> Integrin-induced migration of reactive astrocytes. Thus, we investigated whether this signaling pathway is activated in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and in B16F10 melanoma cells when stimulated with Thy-1. In both cancer cell types, Thy-1 induced a rapid increase in intracellular Ca <sup>2+</sup> , ATP release, as well as cell migration and invasion. Connexin and Pannexin inhibitors decreased cell migration, implicating a requirement for hemichannel opening in Thy-1-induced cell migration. In addition, cell migration and invasion were precluded when the P2X7 receptor was pharmacologically blocked. Moreover, the ability of breast cancer and melanoma cells to transmigrate through an activated endothelial monolayer was significantly decreased when the β <sub>3</sub> Integrin was silenced in these cancer cells. Importantly, melanoma cells with silenced β <sub>3</sub> Integrin were unable to metastasize to the lung in a preclinical mouse model. Thus, our results suggest that the Ca <sup>2+</sup> /hemichannel/ATP/P2X7 receptor-signaling axis triggered by the Thy-1-α <sub>V</sub> β <sub>3</sub> Integrin interaction is important for cancer cell migration, invasion and transvasation. These findings open up the possibility of therapeutically targeting the Thy-1-Integrin signaling pathway to prevent metastasis

Cardiometabolic Pregnancy Complications in Association With Autism-Related Traits as Measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale in ECHO

Prior work has examined associations between cardiometabolic pregnancy complications and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but not how these complications may relate to social communication traits more broadly. We addressed this question within the Environmental Inf luences on Child Health Outcomes program, with 6,778 participants from 40 cohorts conducted from 1998–2021 with information on ASD-related traits via the Social Responsiveness Scale. Four metabolic pregnancy complications were examined individually, and combined, in association with Social Responsiveness Scale scores, using crude and adjusted linear regression as well as quantile regression analyses. We also examined associations stratified by ASD diagnosis, and potential mediation by preterm birth and low birth weight, and modification by child sex and enriched risk of ASD. Increases in ASD-related traits were associated with obesity (β = 4.64, 95% confidence interval: 3.27, 6.01) and gestational diabetes (β = 5.21, 95% confidence interval: 2.41, 8.02), specifically, but not with hypertension or preeclampsia. Results among children without ASD were similar to main analyses, but weaker among ASD cases. There was not strong evidence for mediation or modification. Results suggest that common cardiometabolic pregnancy complications may inf luence child ASD-related traits, not only above a diagnostic threshold relevant to ASD but also across the population

Stress, substance use and sexual risk behaviors among primary care patients in Cape Town, South Africa

We assessed the relationship between stress, substance use and sexual risk behaviors in a primary care population in Cape Town, South Africa. A random sample of participants (and over-sampled 18-24-year-olds) from 14 of the 49 clinics in Cape Town's public health sector using stratified random sampling (n = 2,618), was selected. We evaluated current hazardous drug and alcohol use and three domains of stressors (Personal Threats, Lacking Basic Needs, and Interpersonal Problems). Several personal threat stressors and an interpersonal problem stressor were related to sexual risk behaviors. With stressors included in the model, hazardous alcohol use, but not hazardous drug use, was related to higher rates of sexual risk behaviors. Our findings suggest a positive screening for hazardous alcohol use should alert providers about possible sexual risk behaviors and vice versa. Additionally, it is important to address a broad scope of social problems and incorporate stress and substance use in HIV prevention campaigns.

Toward a realistic model for the kinetics of the NO + CO reaction on rhodium surfaces

A model for the kinetics of NO reduction by CO on Rh(1 1 1) surfaces is proposed that takes into account recent experimental observations on the formation of an N–NO intermediate as an alternative pathway to produce N2, the formation of N-islands in the adsorbed phase, an increase of the NO dissociation probability with the number of neighboring vacant sites, and the blocking of NO dissociation due to the presence of neighboring co-adsorbed NO and CO species. When all these characteristics are taken into account, the overall behavior of the system in steady-state conditions, calculated through Monte Carlo simulations, is consistent with experimental observations. The effect and importance of each elementary process in the reaction kinetics is discussed.Fil: Avalos, L.A.. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana; MéxicoFil: Bustos Giunta, Victor Angel. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matematicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisica. Laboratorio de Ciencias de Superficies y Medios Porosos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Uñac, Rodolfo Omar. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matematicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisica. Laboratorio de Ciencias de Superficies y Medios Porosos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Zaera, F.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Zgrablich, Jorge Andres. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana; México. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matematicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisica. Laboratorio de Ciencias de Superficies y Medios Porosos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; Argentin

O trabalho docente nas páginas de Educação & Sociedade em seus (quase) 100 números Teacher's work in the pages of Educação & Sociedade in its (almost) 100 issues

Este texto focaliza artigos relacionados ao trabalho docente, em Educação & Sociedade, um dos mais importantes e representativos periódicos na área da educação, nos seus (quase) 100 números. São ressaltados aspectos que receberam maior atenção nos artigos, de modo especial aqueles que se baseiam em pesquisas realizadas pelos seus autores. A partir do quadro assim formado, são discutidos pontos mais sensíveis da grande questão, quando se considera a realidade brasileira, à luz da literatura recente, representada, sobretudo, por autores mais próximos aos interesses de pesquisa dos redatores deste texto.<br>This text focuses on the articles related to teacher's work in the (almost) 110 issues of Educação & Sociedade, one of the most important and representative journals in the area of education. It highlights the aspects that received major attention in the papers, more particularly those that are based on research carried out by their authors. Within this framework, it discusses the sorest points of the great issue, when one considers the Brazilian reality to the light of recent literature, that is essentially represented by authors closer to the research interests of the writers of this text