Design and Verification of a Round-Robin Arbiter

As the number of bus masters increases in chip, the performance of a system largely depends on the arbitration scheme. The throughput of the system is affected by the arbiter circuit which controls the grant for various requestors. An arbitration scheme is usually chosen based on the application. A memory arbiter decides which CPU will get access for each cycle. A packet switch uses an arbiter to decide which input packet will be scheduled to the output. This paper introduces a Round-robin arbitration with adjustable weight of resource access time. The Round-robin arbiter mechanism is useful when no starvation of grants is allowed. The arbiter quantizes time shares each requestor is allowed to have. A minimal fairness is guaranteed by granting requestors in Round-robin manner. The requestors can prioritize their time shares by the weight. For example, if requestor A has a weight of two and requestor B has a weight of four, arbiter will allocate requestor B with time slice two times longer than that of requestor A’s. The verification of the design is carried out using SystemVerilog. The inputs of the arbiter are randomized, outputs are predicted in a software model and verification coverage is collected. The work in this paper includes design and verification of a weighted Round-robin arbiter

Integrated Water Resources Management in Myanmar. Water usage and introduction to water quality criteria for lakes and rivers in Myanmar. Preliminary report.

The purpose of the report is to present some first recommendation for the development of Myanmar ecological quality criteria using the system of the EU Water Framework Directive (EU WFD) as baseline, with main focus on the characterization and classification processes. As background for the recommendations we first give an overview of the main water use categories in Myanmar. We then provide preliminary suggestions for typology criteria and indices for assessing ecological status in lakes and rivers in Myanmar. The typology factors and physico-chemical parameters are based on common used factors in the EU countries. The biological elements include phytoplankton and aquatic macrophytes for lakes, and benthic invertebrates for rivers. In this first phase we present the official and intercalibrated Norwegian indices and boundaries, and some additional indices.Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry, Myanmar; Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, NorwaypublishedVersio

Effects of Voice Pitch on Social Perceptions Vary With Relational Mobility and Homicide Rate

Fundamental frequency ( fo) is the most perceptually salient vocal acoustic parameter, yet little is known about how its perceptual influence varies across societies. We examined how fo affects key social perceptions and how socioecological variables modulate these effects in 2,647 adult listeners sampled from 44 locations across 22 nations. Low male fo increased men’s perceptions of formidability and prestige, especially in societies with higher homicide rates and greater relational mobility in which male intrasexual competition may be more intense and rapid identification of high-status competitors may be exigent. High female fo increased women’s perceptions of flirtatiousness where relational mobility was lower and threats to mating relationships may be greater. These results indicate that the influence of fo on social perceptions depends on socioecological variables, including those related to competition for status and mates

CARBONATION OF CONCRETE

Master'sMASTER OF SCIENC

Socializing One Health: an innovative strategy to investigate social and behavioral risks of emerging viral threats

In an effort to strengthen global capacity to prevent, detect, and control infectious diseases in animals and people, the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats (EPT) PREDICT project funded development of regional, national, and local One Health capacities for early disease detection, rapid response, disease control, and risk reduction. From the outset, the EPT approach was inclusive of social science research methods designed to understand the contexts and behaviors of communities living and working at human-animal-environment interfaces considered high-risk for virus emergence. Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, PREDICT behavioral research aimed to identify and assess a range of socio-cultural behaviors that could be influential in zoonotic disease emergence, amplification, and transmission. This broad approach to behavioral risk characterization enabled us to identify and characterize human activities that could be linked to the transmission dynamics of new and emerging viruses. This paper provides a discussion of implementation of a social science approach within a zoonotic surveillance framework. We conducted in-depth ethnographic interviews and focus groups to better understand the individual- and community-level knowledge, attitudes, and practices that potentially put participants at risk for zoonotic disease transmission from the animals they live and work with, across 6 interface domains. When we asked highly-exposed individuals (ie. bushmeat hunters, wildlife or guano farmers) about the risk they perceived in their occupational activities, most did not perceive it to be risky, whether because it was normalized by years (or generations) of doing such an activity, or due to lack of information about potential risks. Integrating the social sciences allows investigations of the specific human activities that are hypothesized to drive disease emergence, amplification, and transmission, in order to better substantiate behavioral disease drivers, along with the social dimensions of infection and transmission dynamics. Understanding these dynamics is critical to achieving health security--the protection from threats to health-- which requires investments in both collective and individual health security. Involving behavioral sciences into zoonotic disease surveillance allowed us to push toward fuller community integration and engagement and toward dialogue and implementation of recommendations for disease prevention and improved health security

Characterization of the Bago Sub-basin Pilot implementing the EU Water Framework Directive

The aim of this report is to characterize the Bago Sub-basin, located in the Bago Region in the south-central part of Myanmar. The report presents the different characterization steps, including methods for identifying water use and water users, economic analysis of water usage, monitoring and ultimately a risk assessment of water bodies with respect to the goal of reaching good ecological status. Major pressures to the streams in this area are domestic waste water run-off, heavy garbage littering, construction of dams and other hydro morphological alternations, deforestation, sand mining and gold mining, as well as runoffs from plantations and agricultural areas. There is not much heavy industry in this area, although saw mills, fish farms/ponds, pulp industry and gold mining may influence on the water quality in some areas. A biological and water chemical monitoring program is proposed based on the occurring pressures. Based on data presented is this report, water bodies were classified as “at risk”, “possibly at risk” and “not at risk” of having good status. There were uncertainties about the risk assessment in several areas because little information was available. However, the areas near and downstream the Bago City are with no doubt “at risk”.Ministry of Natural Resource and Environmental Conservation, Myanmar Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, NorwaypublishedVersio