133 research outputs found

    BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON NITROGEN - CONTAINING COMPOUNDS FROM CAMPYLOSPERMUM OLIVERIANUM AND CAMPYLOSPERMUM SULCATUM (OCHNACEAE)

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    Objective: Campylospermum oliverianum and C. sulcatum (Ochnaceae) are considered conspecific by some reports. Methods: Following phytochemical analyses on those species, biological tests were carried. Results: Phytotchemical analyses led to the isolation of three known nitrogenous compounds: two cyanoglucosides named dhurrin and menisdaurin and an indole alkaloid, serotobenine. These nitrogen-containing compounds showed potent cytotoxic activities against the microcrustacean Artemia salina (brine shrimp), when two of them exhibited efficient bactericidal effects against a few Gram cocci. This newest co-occurrence of both α- and γ-hydroxynitrile glucosides within the same species suggested another biosynthetic pathway for putative tyrosine-derived non-cyanogenic cyanoglucosides. Conclusion: This study does not recommend an identical chemical profile for the two species, hence they might not be regarded as the same. The biosynthetic pathway of numerous putative tyrosine-derived cyanoglucosides is supported by the isolated compounds from C. sulcatum. The taxonomical value of serotobenine in species of the Campylospermum genus as well as the other one of cyanoglucosides in angiosperms is once more highlighted

    Pressure Ulcers and Dressings: A Strain Sensitivity Analysis of the Boundary Conditions of a Finite Element Model

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    Recently, a new bi-layer dressing was proposed by Urgo RID to reduce the healing time of pressure ulcers (PU). This dressing was numerically evaluated in previously published work. In the current work, the influence on the maximal shear strains of modelling parameters such as the dressing local geometry, the pressure applied by the gauze inside the wound, the wound deepness, and the mattress stiffness, was assessed. A sensitivity analysis was performed on these four parameters. Among all experiments, the mean maximal Green--Lagrange shear strain was 0.29. The gauze pressure explained 60% of the model response in terms of the volume of tissues under strains of 0.3, while the wound deepness explained 28%. The mattress had a significant, but low impact, whereas the dressing local geometry had no significant impact. As expected, the wound deepness was one of the most influential parameters. The gauze turned out to be more significant than expected. This may be explained by the large range of values chosen for this study. The results should be extended to more subjects, but still suggest that the gauze is a parameter that might not be neglected. Care should also be taken in clinical practice when using gauze that could have either a positive or negative impact on the soft tissues' strains. This may also depend on the wound deepness

    Tri phytochimique et activitĂ© antibactĂ©rienne des extraits hydroacĂ©toniques de Baphia nitida (Fabaceae) sur Shigella spp et E. coli, deux entĂ©robactĂ©ries impliquĂ©es dans les diarrhĂ©es infantiles Ă  Daloa, CĂŽte d’Ivoire

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    Introduction : Dans le but de contribuer Ă  une prise en charge efficiente des diarrhĂ©es infantiles et des troubles gastrointestinales, nous avons Ă©valuĂ© l’activitĂ© antibactĂ©rienne des extraits des organes (feuilles tiges et racines) de Baphia nitida, une plante de la pharmacopĂ©e ivoirienne. MĂ©thodes : Ainsi, un tri phytochimique des extraits hydroacĂ©toniques d’organes de B. nitida Ă  partir des rĂ©actions de prĂ©cipitations et de colorations suivi des tests de sensibilitĂ© antimicrobienne sur Shigella spp et E. coli ATCC 25922 ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. Resultats : Les rĂ©sultats obtenus ont montrĂ© que les trois organes de plante Ă©taient riches en polyphĂ©nols, flavonoĂŻdes, alcaloĂŻdes et tanins cathĂ©chiques. En plus, les extraits des feuilles de B. nitida ont prĂ©sentĂ© une plus grande diversitĂ© avec d’autres mĂ©tabolites secondaires qui Ă©taient faiblement reprĂ©sentĂ©s. Les extraits de B. nitida se sont revĂ©lĂ©s bactĂ©ricides pour les deux souches testĂ©es. Ces actions seraient dose –dĂ©pendante avec une inhibition maximale Ă  c = 100 mg/mL. Les extraits des feuilles ont montrĂ© une activitĂ© antibactĂ©rienne plus efficace que les extraits de tiges, eux mĂȘmes plus actifs que les extraits de racines. Conclusion : Les souches d’E. coli testĂ©es se sont revelĂ©es plus sensibles que celles de Shigella spp pour les trois types d’organes de B. nitida. Les extraits des organes de B. nitida (en particulier les feuilles) pourraient constituer une alternative pour le traitement des diarrhĂ©es et une nouvelle source de molĂ©cules naturelles antiinfectieuses.   Introduction : In order to contribute to an efficient management of infantile diarrhea and gastrointestinal disorders, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of extracts of organs (leaves, stems and roots) of Baphia nitida, a plant of the Ivorian pharmacopoeia. Methods : Thus, a phytochemical screening of hydroacetone extracts of B. nitida organs based on precipitations and staining reactions followed by antimicrobial susceptibility tests on Shigella spp and E. coli ATCC 25922 were performed. Results : The results obtained revealed that the three plant organs were abundant in polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and catechic tannins. In addition, the extracts from the leaves of B. nitida exhibited a greater diversity of other secondary metabolites that were weakly represented. B. nitida extracts were found to be bactericidal for both strains tested. These actions appeared to be dose-dependent with maximum inhibition at c = 100 mg/mL. The leaves extracts showed a more effective antibacterial activity than the stem extracts, which were more effective than the root extracts. Conclusion : The E. coli strains tested were more sensitive than Shigella spp. for all three types of B. nitida organs. The extracts of B. nitida organs (especially the leaves) could be an alternative for the treatment of diarrhoea and a new source of natural antibacterial molecules

    Tri Phytochimique et ActivitĂ©s Antimicrobiennes des Extraits HydroacĂ©toniques de Baphia Nitida (Fabaceae) sur Shigella spp et E. coli, Deux EntĂ©robactĂ©ries ImpliquĂ©es dans les DiarrhĂ©es Infantiles Ă  Daloa, CĂŽte d’Ivoire

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    Introduction : Dans le but de contribuer Ă  une prise en charge efficiente des diarrhĂ©es infantiles et des troubles gastrointestinales, nous avons Ă©valuer les activitĂ©s antibactĂ©riennes des extraits des organes (feuilles tiges et racines) de Baphia nitida, une plante de la pharmacopĂ©e ivoirienne.  MĂ©thodes : Ainsi, un tri phytochimique des extraits hydroacĂ©toniques d’organes de B. nitida Ă  partir les rĂ©actions de prĂ©cipitations et de colorations suivi des tests de sensibilitĂ© antimicrobienne sur Shigella spp et E. coli ATCC 25922 ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. Resultats : Les rĂ©sultats obtenus ont montrĂ© que les trois organes de plante Ă©taient riches en polyphĂ©nols, flavonoĂŻdes, alcaloĂŻdes et tanins cathĂ©chiques. En plus, les extraits des feuilles de B. nitida ont prĂ©sentĂ© une plus grande diversitĂ© d’autres mĂ©tabolites secondaires faiblement reprĂ©sentĂ©s. Les extraits de B. nitida se sont revĂ©lĂ©s bactĂ©ricides pour les deux souches testĂ©es. Ces actions seraient dose –dĂ©pendante avec une inhibition maximale Ă  c =.200 mg/mL. Les extraits des feuilles ont montrĂ© une activitĂ© antibactĂ©rienne plus efficace que les extraits de tiges, eux mĂȘmes plus actifs que les extraits de racines. Conclusion : Les souches d’E. coli testĂ©es se sont revelĂ©es plus sensibles que celles de Shigella spp pour les trois types d’organes de B. nitida. Les extraits des organes de B. nitida (en particulier les feuilles) pourraient constituer une alternative pour le traitement des diarrhĂ©es et une nouvelle source de molĂ©cules naturelles antiinfectieuses.   Introduction : In order to contribute to an efficient management of infantile diarrhea and gastrointestinal disorders, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of extracts of organs (leaves, stems and roots) of Baphia nitida, a plant of the Ivorian pharmacopoeia. Methods : Thus, a phytochemical screening of hydroacetone extracts of B. nitida organs based on precipitations and staining reactions followed by antimicrobial susceptibility tests on Shigella spp and E. coli ATCC 25922 were performed. Results : The results obtained revealed that the three plant organs were abundant in polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and catechic tannins. In addition, the extracts from the leaves of B. nitida exhibited a greater diversity of other secondary metabolites that were weakly represented. B. nitida extracts were found to be bactericidal for both strains tested. These actions appeared to be dose-dependent with maximum inhibition at c = 200 mg/mL. The leaf extracts showed a more effective antibacterial activity than the stem extracts, which were more effective than the root extracts. Conclusion : The E. coli strains tested were more sensitive than Shigella spp. for all three types of B. nitida organs. The extracts of B. nitida organs (especially the leaves) could be an alternative for the treatment of diarrhoea and a new source of natural antibacterial molecules

    Spectrally resolved multi-channel contributions to the harmonic emission in N 2

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    International audienceWhen generated in molecules, high-order harmonics can be emitted through different ionization channels. The coherent and ultrafast electron dynamics occurring in the ion during the generation process is directly imprinted in the harmonic signal, i.e. in its amplitude and spectral phase. In aligned N2 molecules, we find evidence for a fast variation of this phase as a function of the harmonic order when varying the driving laser intensity. Basing our analysis on a three-step model, we find that this phase variation is a signature of transitions from a single- to a multi-channel regime. In particular, we show that significant nuclear dynamics may occur in the ionization channels on the attosecond timescale, affecting both the amplitude and the phase of the harmonic signal

    Tri Phytochimique et ActivitĂ©s Antimicrobiennes des Extraits HydroacĂ©toniques de Baphia Nitida (Fabaceae) sur Shigella spp et E. coli, Deux EntĂ©robactĂ©ries ImpliquĂ©es dans les DiarrhĂ©es Infantiles Ă  Daloa, CĂŽte d’Ivoire

    Get PDF
    Introduction : Dans le but de contribuer Ă  une prise en charge efficiente des diarrhĂ©es infantiles et des troubles gastrointestinales, nous avons Ă©valuer les activitĂ©s antibactĂ©riennes des extraits des organes (feuilles tiges et racines) de Baphia nitida, une plante de la pharmacopĂ©e ivoirienne.  MĂ©thodes : Ainsi, un tri phytochimique des extraits hydroacĂ©toniques d’organes de B. nitida Ă  partir les rĂ©actions de prĂ©cipitations et de colorations suivi des tests de sensibilitĂ© antimicrobienne sur Shigella spp et E. coli ATCC 25922 ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. Resultats : Les rĂ©sultats obtenus ont montrĂ© que les trois organes de plante Ă©taient riches en polyphĂ©nols, flavonoĂŻdes, alcaloĂŻdes et tanins cathĂ©chiques. En plus, les extraits des feuilles de B. nitida ont prĂ©sentĂ© une plus grande diversitĂ© d’autres mĂ©tabolites secondaires faiblement reprĂ©sentĂ©s. Les extraits de B. nitida se sont revĂ©lĂ©s bactĂ©ricides pour les deux souches testĂ©es. Ces actions seraient dose –dĂ©pendante avec une inhibition maximale Ă  c =.200 mg/mL. Les extraits des feuilles ont montrĂ© une activitĂ© antibactĂ©rienne plus efficace que les extraits de tiges, eux mĂȘmes plus actifs que les extraits de racines. Conclusion : Les souches d’E. coli testĂ©es se sont revelĂ©es plus sensibles que celles de Shigella spp pour les trois types d’organes de B. nitida. Les extraits des organes de B. nitida (en particulier les feuilles) pourraient constituer une alternative pour le traitement des diarrhĂ©es et une nouvelle source de molĂ©cules naturelles antiinfectieuses.   Introduction : In order to contribute to an efficient management of infantile diarrhea and gastrointestinal disorders, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of extracts of organs (leaves, stems and roots) of Baphia nitida, a plant of the Ivorian pharmacopoeia. Methods : Thus, a phytochemical screening of hydroacetone extracts of B. nitida organs based on precipitations and staining reactions followed by antimicrobial susceptibility tests on Shigella spp and E. coli ATCC 25922 were performed. Results : The results obtained revealed that the three plant organs were abundant in polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and catechic tannins. In addition, the extracts from the leaves of B. nitida exhibited a greater diversity of other secondary metabolites that were weakly represented. B. nitida extracts were found to be bactericidal for both strains tested. These actions appeared to be dose-dependent with maximum inhibition at c = 200 mg/mL. The leaf extracts showed a more effective antibacterial activity than the stem extracts, which were more effective than the root extracts. Conclusion : The E. coli strains tested were more sensitive than Shigella spp. for all three types of B. nitida organs. The extracts of B. nitida organs (especially the leaves) could be an alternative for the treatment of diarrhoea and a new source of natural antibacterial molecules

    Uniformisation et automatisation du monitoring des tensions dans les suspentes et haubans de ponts

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    La dĂ©termination des tensions des haubans et suspentes de ponts par mesures accĂ©lĂ©romĂ©triques est maitrisĂ©e et utilisĂ©e depuis longtemps au SPW (ServicePublic de Wallonie), mais la mĂ©thode utilisĂ©e ne permet pas un calcul correct pour les suspentes prĂ©sentant des gĂ©omĂ©tries complexes, et le contrĂŽle est effectuĂ© de maniĂšre ponctuelle avec une pĂ©riodicitĂ© variable. Le projet prĂ©sentĂ©, issu d’une collaboration avec l’UniversitĂ© de LiĂšge et la sociĂ©tĂ© V2i, spĂ©cialisĂ©e dans l’acquisition et le traitement vibratoire, a permis de dĂ©velopper un systĂšme performant d’instrumentation basĂ© sur cette technique et destinĂ© Ă  remplacer la mĂ©thodologie actuelle: (1) Les algorithmes d’acquisition et de traitement des donnĂ©es issues des accĂ©lĂ©romĂštres sans fil permettent un calcul prĂ©cis des tensions pour toute gĂ©omĂ©trie complexe des suspentes (raideur flexionnelle, encastrements partiels,...); (2) Les donnĂ©es, recueillies plusieurs fois par jour, sont traitĂ©es et transmises sur le cloud, permettent un suivi sĂ©curitaire en continu via une gestion automatisĂ©e des alertes mises en place.Peer reviewe
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