275 research outputs found
Az Ophrys fuciflora komplex filogeográfiai vizsgálata = Phylogeographical investigations on Ophrys fuciflora species complex
Az Ophrys fuciflora fajkomplex 77 faja közĂĽl 47 faj 126 populáciĂłjának nrITS rĂ©giĂłját elemeztĂĽnk azĂ©rt, hogy a komplex filogenetikai viszonyaiba betekintĂ©st nyerjĂĽnk. A direkt szekvenálások során kapott nrITS ribotĂpusok kiterjedt varrat zĂłnát alkottak a közĂ©p-eurĂłpai tĂ©rsĂ©gben. EzĂ©rt innen származĂł populáciĂłk egy-egy egyedĂ©t klĂłnozással tovább vizsgáltuk. Ennek során 479 klĂłn nrITS szekvenciával dolgoztunk, melyek gyakoriak (dominánsak), ritkák (szubdominánsak), vagy - többsĂ©gĂ©ben - akcidentálisak volt. LaJeunesse & PinzĂłn (2007) meglátásának megfelelĹ‘en csak a domináns Ă©s szubdomináns klĂłnokat vizsgáltuk tovább, mert ezeket vĂ©ljĂĽk ortolĂłg gĂ©neknek, mĂg a többi filogenetikai szignál nĂ©lkĂĽli paralĂłg. Vizsgálatainkban elemeztĂĽk ezen ortolĂłg ribotĂpusok földrajzi elterjedĂ©sĂ©t, filogenetikai viszonyait. MegállapĂtottuk, hogy a poszmĂ©hbangĂłktĂłl távolabbi rokonságba sorolhatĂłk a köldökbangĂłk, Ă©s ezen belĂĽl egy termĂ©szetvĂ©delmi szempontbĂłl kiemelkedĹ‘ jelentĹ‘sĂ©gű faj (O. kotschyi) filogenetikai viszonyait körĂĽltekintĹ‘en tisztáztuk. A maradĂ©k poszmĂ©hbangĂłkon belĂĽl nĂ©gy kládot kĂĽlönĂthetĂĽnk el, melyek közt erĹ‘teljes gĂ©náramlást tapasztalunk. A nĂ©gy klád közĂĽl egy az IbĂ©riai-fĂ©lszigethez, kettĹ‘ az Appennini-fĂ©lszigethez, egy pedig a Balkánhoz kötĹ‘dik. Ezek a glaciális refĂşgiumokkal esnek egybe, melyben szeparálĂłdhatott a nĂ©gy klád egymástĂłl, majd a posztglaciális klĂmajavulással Ă©szaki irányba vándorolva keveredtek, kialakĂtva a most Ă©rzĂ©kelt varratzĂłnát. | We have analysed126 populations of 47 species from the 77 species of the Ophrys fuciflora species-complex in order to gain insight into the phylogenetic relationships of this complex. The nrITS ribotypes from the direct sequencings formed an extended suture zone in the Central European region. One specimen from these populations was studied further by cloning. This has yielded 479 clone sequences, out of which many were common (domineering), some were rare (subdomineering), and most of them occurred only once. According to LaJeunesse & PinzĂłn (2007) only the (sub)domineering ribotypes were further studied, because these can be said to be orthologous copies, while the other are paralogous copies without phylogenetic signal. Our researches focused on the geographic distribution and phylogenetic relationships of the ortholog ribotypes. The O. umbilicata group was turned out to be distantly related to the rest. We cleared up the phylogenetic position of a species (O. kotschyi) from the Umbilicata group which bears special conservation importance. In the rest of the O. fuciflora group, four clades were found, between which a significant gene-flow was observed. Out of the four clades one can be connected to the Iberian Peninsula, two to the Apennine Peninsula, one to the Balkans. These territories coincide with the main glacial refugia, which could separate the four clades. In the postglacial era the separated lineages have intermingled forming the suture zone in Central Europe
NEW LOCALITIES OF ELATINE MACROPODA AND E. ALSINASTRUM IN TURKEY (ÇANAKKALE)
New chorological data are presented for the rare and poorly known ephemeral wetland
specialists Elatine macropoda and E. alsinastrum from Çanakkale Province (western Turkey). Th e
former species was hitherto known only from a single Turkish locality in Ä°zmir Province, and the latter was reported only from Edirne, Denizli and Kars Provinces. Th e habitats preferred by both species are temporary ponds, especially their grazed and trampled muddy shores. Th e existence of
further populations in such habitats is highly presumable
Az év vadvirága 2014-ben: a szibériai nőszirom (Iris sibirica L.) = The Wildflower of the Year 2014 in Hungary: Siberian flag (Iris sibirica L.)
Abstract – In this paper a review of the nomenclature, etymology, taxonomy, morphology, histology,
life cycle, phenology, reproduction, habitat preference, biotic interactions, biologically active
compounds, micropropagation, application possibilities and conservation status of Siberian flag (Iris
sibirica L.) can be found. Leaf traits, phenological data, seed-set, thousand-seed weight, germination,
growth rate and soil characteristic data are published based on original observations:
• Leaf area is between 25,3 and 52,9 cm2, its dry mass is 232 and 272 mg/g, specific leaf area is 14,5
and 15,0 m2/kg; based on measurement of 5–5 leaves of I. sibirica, collected from Tapolca and
Létavértes (Hungary) in May of 2014.
• Based on herbarium dataset, blooming of I. sibirica begins at the end of April and lasts to early-July,
contrary to the literature data (May–June).
• Capsules contain (0–)58–76(–121) fertile seeds. (20–)60–80(–90)% of ovules develops to
(seemingly) viable seeds, meanwhile the other ovules remain as aborted ones or develop to infertile
seeds (probably because of absence of resources); based on fruits collected from Regéc (Hungary) in
2014 and 2015.
• Thousand-seed weight of I. sibirica is 8,8298–11,2914 g (based on 3×100–100 seeds collected from
Regéc and Tapolca in 2014 and 2015), which is lower value than the literature data.
• In our germination test (50–50 seeds sowed to wet soil, after different treatments) 14% of scarified
seeds, 6% of scalded seeds, 4–4% of imbibed and control seeds, 0–0% of cooled and refrigerated
seeds are germinated. Scarified seeds germinated in the 8–26th days, imbibed seeds 15–19th days,
control seeds 16–20th days, scalded seeds 20–23th days after sowing. It seems that scarification
stimulates, meanwhile temperature-treatments inhibit the germination. Until 18 weeks the seedlings
grow to 30 cm (in mean) and develop 5–7 leaves (in mean). After the 14th week, the first and
littlemost lateral leaves are necrosed.
• Analyses of soil samples collected from 17 locations of I. sibirica in Hungary, suggest that the species
prefers highly acidic to slightly alcalic, lime-free to highly calcareous soils with generally high amount
of humus and clay, different amount of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen and low concentration of
salt.
Keywords: endangered species, flora of Hungary, Iridaceae, protected species |
Összefoglalás – Jelen közlemény áttekintést nyújt a szibériai nőszirom (Iris sibirica L.) nevezéktanáról,
rendszertanáról, alak- és szövettanáról, életciklusáról, fenológiájáról, szaporodásbiológiájáról,
Ă©lĹ‘helyválasztásárĂłl, biotikus interakciĂłirĂłl, hatĂłanyagairĂłl, mikroszaporĂtásárĂłl, felhasználási
lehetőségeiről és veszélyeztetettségéről. Saját megfigyelések és mérési eredmények alapján közlünk
adatokat a növény levéltulajdonságairól, fenológiájáról, magképzési sikeréről, ezermagtömegéről,
csirázási és növekedési erélyéről valamint termőhelyeinek talajadottságairól.
Kulcsszavak: Iridaceae, Magyarország flórája, védett fajok, veszélyeztetett fajo
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