炭化処理したタングステンおよびモリブデン中の水素保持

第8回「核融合炉材料国際会議」に一部発表 平成9年10月27

Trapping and detrapping of hydrogen in graphite materials exposed to hydrogen gas

Measurements of hydrogen solubility have been performed for several unirradiated and neutron-irradiated graphite (and CFC) samples at temperatures between 973 and 1323K under a ～10 kPa hydrogen atmosphere. The hydrogen dissolution process has been studied and it is discussed here. The values of hydrogen solubility vary substantially among the samples up to about a factor of 16. A strong correlation has been observed between the values of hydrogen solubility and the degrees of graphitization determined by X-ray diffraction technique. The relation can be extended even for the neutron irradiated samples. Hydrogen dissolution into graphite can be explained with the trapping of hydrogen at defect sites (e.g. dangling carbon bonds) considering an equilibrium reaction between hydrogen molecules and the trapping sites. The migration of hydrogen in graphite is speculated to result from a sequence of detrapping and retrapping events with high energy activation processes

Hydrogen Engineering Lab

研究内容 ［１］炭素系材料と水素の相互作用 ［２］水素吸蔵合金の水素吸放出特性 ［３］熱電変換材料の開発 ［４］高レベル放射性廃棄物の固化処理と処分 ［５］エネルギー教育の在り方とその方

A basic study on incentive pricing for demand response programs based on social welfare maximization

Demand response programs (DRs) have been getting more active as one of the effective demand-side management methods (DSMs), which can contribute to the power supply-demand balancing operations in electric power grids. In particular, peak-time-rebate-DR (PTR-DR) is expected to penetrate further because it brings benefit both electric power suppliers and consumers with smaller burden on the consumer-side in comparison with the other DR types. Although several demonstrative field tests on the DRs have been promoted, there is room for discussion yet how to set the appropriate incentive payment for the cooperation of DR requirement from the power suppliers. This paper presents a pricing method of incentive payment in the DRs based on a problem framework of social optimization. In the authors’ proposal, decrement of the consumers’ comfort, which is caused by the DR cooperation, is converted into the price. That is, the proposed pricing method calculates the negative consumers’ surplus as the appropriate incentive payment in the DRs