27 research outputs found
Lycopene protects against cyclosporine A-induced testicular toxicity in rats
Cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced direct failures in hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and Sertoli cell phagocytic function have
been considered for testicular toxicity so far. It has clearly been reported that oxidative stress leads to damage in sperm functions and
structure of the testis. Therefore, this study was conducted to demonstrate whether CsA causes testicular and spermatozoal toxicity
associated with the oxidative stress, and to investigate the possible protective effect of lycopene against CsA-induced damages in all
reproductive organs and sperm characteristics in male rats. While the daily administration of CsA at the dose 15 mg/kg for 21 days
significantly decreased the seminal vesicles weight, epididymal sperm concentration, motility, testicular tissue glutathione (GSH),
glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), diameter of seminiferous tubules and germinal cell thickness, it increased
malondialdehyde (MDA) level and abnormal sperm rates along with degeneration, necrosis, desquamative germ cells in testicular
tissue. However, the CsA along with simultaneous administration of lycopene at the dose of 10 mg/kg markedly ameliorated the
CsA-induced all the negative changes observed in the testicular tissue, sperm parameters and oxidant/antioxidant balance. In
conclusion, CsA-induced oxidative stress leads to the structural and functional damages in the testicular tissue and sperm quality of
rats and, lycopene has a potential protective effect on these damages
Lycopene and ellagic acid prevent testicular apoptosis induced by cisplatin
The aim of this studywasto investigate the possible protective effects of lycopene (LC) and ellagic acid (EA)
on cisplatin (CP)-induced testicular apoptosis in male rats. The control group was treated with placebo;
LC, EA and CP groups were given alone LC, EA and CP, respectively; the CP + LC group was treated with a
combination of CP and LC; and the CP + EAgroup was treated with a combination of CP and EA. Although CP
significantly increased the number of Bax-positive (apoptotic) cells it had no effect on the number of Bcl-
2-positive (antiapoptotic) cells compared with the control group. Administration of CP caused significant
increase in lipid peroxidation and nonsignificant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity along
with some histopathological lesions in testicular tissue. However, combined treatments of LC or EA in
addition to CP tended to prevent the CP-induced testicular apoptosis, histopathological lesions and lipid
peroxidation
Attenuating effect of lycopene and ellagic acid on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced spermiotoxicity and testicular apoptosis
This study was conducted to investigate the prophylactic effects of lycopene (LC) and ellagic acid (EA) on 2,3,7,8-
tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced testicular and spermatozoal toxicity. These toxicological changes are
associated with the oxidative stress and apoptosis in male rats. Forty-eight male rats were allocated to one of six
groups of 8 rats each: control, LC, EA, TCDD, TCDD+LC, and TCDD+EA. The control group was treated with 0.5 mL/
rat slightly alkaline solution+0.5 mL/rat corn oil every other day. The LC group was treated with 0.5 mL/rat slightly
alkaline solution+0.5 mL/rat corn oil containing 10 mg/kg of LC every other day. The EA group received 0.5 mL/rat
corn oil+0.5 mL/rat slightly alkaline solution containing 2 mg/kg of EA every other day. The TCDD group received
0.5 mL/rat corn oil containing 100 ng/kg/day of TCDD+0.5 mL/rat slightly alkaline solution. The TCDD+LC group was
treated with 0.5 mL/rat TCDD+0.5 mL/rat LC. The TCDD+EA group was treated with 0.5 mL/rat TCDD+0.5 mL/rat EA.
All treatments were made by gavage, and the experimental period was maintained during 8 weeks. Sperm motility,
concentration, and abnormal sperm rate in epididymal tissue, testicular tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant
enzyme activity, histopathological changes, and apoptosis (i.e., Bax and Bcl-2 proteins) were determined. TCDD
exposure resulted in significant decreases in sperm motility, concentration, testicular superoxide dismutase activity,
germinal cell-layer thickness, Johnsen’s testicular score, and significant increases in abnormal sperm rate, testicular
malondialdehyde, glutathione levels, Bax-positive staining, and Bax-positive apoptotic cell score, along with some
testicular histopathological lesions. TCDD treatment did not affect significantly catalase activity. However, combined
treatment with LC or EA, in addition to TCDD, prevented the development of TCDD-induced damages in sperm
quality, testicular histology, and LPO. Improvements in testicular apoptosis after the administration of LC and EA to
TCDD-treated rats were minimal, but not statistically significant. TCDD-induced lipid peroxidation leads to functional
and structural damages, as well as apoptosis, in spermatogenic cells of rats. Both LC and EA protected against the
development of these effect
Improvement of cisplatin-induced injuries to sperm quality, the oxidant-antioxidant system, and the histologic structure of the rat testis by ellagic acid
Objective: To investigate whether ellagic acid (EA) has a possible protective effect against cisplatin (CP)-induced
negative changes in epididymal sperm characteristics and the histologic structure of testis and prostate associated
with oxidative stress in rats.
Design: Experimental study.
Setting: Fırat University Medical School Experimental Research Center, Elazı g, Turkey.
Patient(s): Eight-week-old adult male Sprague Dawley rats (n ¼ 24).
Intervention(s): Cisplatin was administered to rats at a single dose of 7 mg/kg IP. Ellagic acid was administered
both separately and simultaneously with CP by gavage daily for 10 days at the dose of 10 mg/kg.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Reproductive organ weights, epididymal sperm characteristics, and histopathologic
structure of testes and ventral prostate were determined along with malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione
(GSH) levels and glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities of plasma, sperm, and testicular
tissue.
Result(s): Ellagic acid ameliorated the CP-induced reductions in weights of testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles,
and prostate along with epididymal sperm concentration and motility. Additionally, EA decreased the CP-induced
increments in abnormalities of sperm. Whereas CP increased the MDA levels of plasma, sperm, and
testicular tissue, it decreased the GSH-Px and CATactivities in the study samples compared with the control group.
The administration of EA to CP-treated rats decreased the MDA level and increased GSH-Px and CATactivities in
these samples. Cisplatin caused degeneration, necrosis, interstitial edema, and reduction in germinative cell layer
thickness and rarely reduction in spermatogenic activity in some seminiferous tubules. The CP-induced changes in
histopathologic findings of testis were partially reversed by treatment with EA. No significant changes were observed
in the histopathologic structure of the prostate among any of groups.
Conclusion(s): Ellagic acid has a protective effect against testicular toxicity caused by CP. This protective effect of
EA seems to be closely involved with the suppressing of oxidative stress
Attenuation of cyclosporine A-induced testicular and spermatozoal damages associated with oxidative stress by ellagic acid
This study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) on cyclosporine A
(CsA)-induced testicular and spermatozoal damages associated with oxidative stress in male rats. Forty adult
male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each. Control group was used as
placebo. Cyclosporine group received CsA at the dose of 15 mg/kg/day. Ellagic acid group was treated with
EA (10 mg/kg/day). Cyclosporine plus ellagic acid group received CsA+EA. Reproductive organs were
weighed and epididymal sperm characteristics and histopathological structure of testes were examined
along with malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px) and
catalase (CAT) activities in testicular tissue. CsA significantly decreased the weights of testes and ventral
prostate, epididymal sperm concentration, motility, testicular tissue glutathione (GSH), glutathioneperoxidase
(GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), diameters of seminiferous tubules and germinal cell layer
thickness, and it significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level and abnormal sperm rates along with
degeneration, necrosis, immature germ cells, congestion and atrophy in testicular tissue. However, the CsA
plus EA treatment attenuated all the CsA-induced negative changes observed in the testicular tissue, sperm
and oxidant/antioxidant parameters. In conclusion, CsA-induced oxidative stress leads to the structural and
functional damages in the testicular tissue and sperm quality of rats, and also EA has a protective effect on
these damages
Antiperoxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of lycopene and ellagic acid on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular lipid peroxidation and apoptosis
The present study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effects of lycopene (LC) and ellagic
acid (EA) on cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced testicular and spermatozoal toxicity associated with the oxidative stress and
apoptosis in male rats. Forty-eight healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups of eight rats each.
The control group was treated with placebo; the LC, EA and CP groups were given LC (10 mg kg−1), EA (2 mg kg−1)
and CP (15 mg kg−1), respectively, alone; the CP+LC group was treated with a combination of CP (15 mg kg−1) and
LC (10 mg kg−1); and the CP+EA group was treated with a combination of CP (15 mg kg−1) and EA (2 mg kg−1). All
treatments were maintained for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, bodyweight and the weight of the reproductive
organs, sperm concentration and motility, testicular tissue lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant enzyme activity and apoptosis
(i.e. Bax and Bcl-2 proteins) were determined. Administration of CP resulted in significant decreases in epididymal sperm
concentration and motility and significant increases in malondialdehyde levels. Although CP significantly increased the
number of Bax-positive (apoptotic) cells, it had no effect on the number of Bcl-2-positive (anti-apoptotic) cells compared
with the control group. However, combined treatment of rats with LC or EA in addition to CP prevented the development
of CP-induced lipid peroxidation and sperm and testicular damage. In conclusion, CP-induced lipid peroxidation leads to
structural and functional damage, as well as apoptosis, in spermatogenic cells of rats. Both LC and EA protect against the
development of these detrimental effects
Remote organ injury induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion on reproductive organs, and protective effect of melatonin in male rats
Objective: Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI-R) leads to remote organ injury associated with oxidative
stress. Melatonin is a well-known antioxidant and free-radical scavenger. This study was conducted to examine
whether MI-R causes damage in the testes and sperm quality, and to investigate the possible protective effect of
exogenous melatonin on these parameters in an in vivo rat model.
Design: Experimental study.
Setting: Experimental Research Center, Fırat University Medical School, Elazıg˘, Turkey.
Patient(s): Eight-week-old male Wistar rats (n 18).
Intervention(s): To produce MI-R, a branch of the descending left coronary artery was occluded for 30 minutes,
followed by 120-minute reperfusion. Melatonin (10 mg/kg) or vehicle was given 10 minutes before ischemia via
the jugular vein.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Reproductive organ weights and epididymal sperm concentration, sperm motility,
abnormal sperm rate, and testicular-tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were examined
after reperfusion.
Result(s): MI-R significantly decreased epididymal sperm motility, and increased the testes-tissue level of MDA,
compared to the control group. Administration of melatonin reversed the harmful effects of MI-R significantly.
However, MI-R did not change sperm concentration, GSH levels, and reproductive organ weights.
Conclusion(s): These findings indicate that MI-R leads to damage of testis tissue and sperm motility, and
melatonin protects against MI-R-induced reproductive-organ injury. These results may also encourage the use of
antioxidants to reduce remote organ injury in the testis after MI-R
Improvement of cisplatin-induced injuries to sperm quality, the oxidant-antioxidant system, and the histologic structure of the rat testis by ellagic acid
Objective: To investigate whether ellagic acid (EA) has a possible protective effect against cisplatin (CP)-induced
negative changes in epididymal sperm characteristics and the histologic structure of testis and prostate associated
with oxidative stress in rats.
Design: Experimental study.
Setting: Fırat University Medical School Experimental Research Center, Elazı g, Turkey.
Patient(s): Eight-week-old adult male Sprague Dawley rats (n ¼ 24).
Intervention(s): Cisplatin was administered to rats at a single dose of 7 mg/kg IP. Ellagic acid was administered
both separately and simultaneously with CP by gavage daily for 10 days at the dose of 10 mg/kg.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Reproductive organ weights, epididymal sperm characteristics, and histopathologic
structure of testes and ventral prostate were determined along with malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione
(GSH) levels and glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities of plasma, sperm, and testicular
tissue.
Result(s): Ellagic acid ameliorated the CP-induced reductions in weights of testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles,
and prostate along with epididymal sperm concentration and motility. Additionally, EA decreased the CP-induced
increments in abnormalities of sperm. Whereas CP increased the MDA levels of plasma, sperm, and
testicular tissue, it decreased the GSH-Px and CATactivities in the study samples compared with the control group.
The administration of EA to CP-treated rats decreased the MDA level and increased GSH-Px and CATactivities in
these samples. Cisplatin caused degeneration, necrosis, interstitial edema, and reduction in germinative cell layer
thickness and rarely reduction in spermatogenic activity in some seminiferous tubules. The CP-induced changes in
histopathologic findings of testis were partially reversed by treatment with EA. No significant changes were observed
in the histopathologic structure of the prostate among any of groups.
Conclusion(s): Ellagic acid has a protective effect against testicular toxicity caused by CP. This protective effect of
EA seems to be closely involved with the suppressing of oxidative stress
Impact of ellagic acid on adriamycin-induced testicular histopathological lesions, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and sperm damages
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ellagic acid (EA) has protective effect on adriamycin
(ADR)-induced testicular and spermatozoal toxicity associated with the oxidative stress in male
rats. Thirthy-two healthy 8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups.
The first (EA) group was treated with EA (2 mg/kg/every other day) by gavage. The second (ADR) group
received ADR (2 mg/kg/once a week) intraperitoneally, while the combination of ADR and EA was given
to the third (ADR + EA) group. The forth (control) group was treated with placebo. At the end of the 8-
week treatment period, reproductive organ weights, epididymal sperm parameters, histopathological
changes and apoptosis via Bax and Bcl-2 proteins, testicular tissue lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant
enzyme activities, were investigated. ADR administration was determined to cause significant decreases
in reproductive organ weights, epididymal sperm concentration and motility, plasma testosterone concentration,
diameter of seminiferous tubules, germinal cell layer thickness, Johnsen’s testicular score and
Bcl-2 positive antiapoptotic cell rate, wherease it caused significant increases in level of lipid peroxidation
and glutathione, catalase activity, abnormal sperm rates and Bax positive apoptotic cell rates along
with degeneration, necrosis, immature germ cells, congestion and atrophy in testicular tissue when compared
with the control group. EA administration to ADR-treated rats provided significant improvements
in ADR-induced disturbed oxidant/antioxidant balance, decreased testosterone concentration, testicular
apoptosis and mild improvements in the histopathological view of the testicular tissue. However, EA
failed to improve decreased reproductive organ weights and deteriorated sperm parameters due to ADR
administration. It is concluded that while ADR has direct or indirect (lipid peroxidation) negative effects
on sperm structure and testicular apoptosis in rats, EA has protective effects on ADR-induced testicular
lipid peroxidation and apoptosis