More General Credibility Models

This communication gives some extensions of the original Bühlmann model. The paper is devoted to semi-linear credibility, where one examines functions of the random variables representing claim amounts, rather than the claim amounts themselves.contracts, unbiased estimators, structure parameters, several approximating functions, semi-linear credibility theory, unique optimal function, parameter estimation, hierarchical semi-linear credibility theory.

NUMERICAL EVALUATION OF LOADED CREDIBILITY

An original paper, which describes techniques for estimating premiums for risks, containing a fraction (a part) of the variance of the risk as a loading on the net risk premium.esscher premium, variance premium, the linearized credibility formula.

Semi-linear credibility results

An original paper which suggests a way of thinking for semilinear credibility theory develpment, founded on analysis of the functions of the observable random variables. This line of thought fits perfectly within the framework of the greatest accuracy credibility theory.linear functions, the transformed observations, semi-linear credibility estimators

Explicit Description of the Input Data for the Program CRAC 2.0 Used in the Applications of the Credibility Theory

In this paper a brief overview of the structure and the possibilities of the program CRAC 2.0 is given. It will be shown how sectors can be determined in order to use the hierarchical model that is built into the software. Furthermore a general structure for defining insurance problems to be solved by CRAC 2.0 will be discussed. Mathematics Subject Classification: 62P05.the software package CRAC 2.0, Jewell’s hierarchical model, practical insurance problems, structure of CRAC – input.

1-Jet Riemann-Finsler Geometry for the Three-Dimensional Time

The aim of this paper is to develop on the 1-jet space J^1(R,M^3) the Finsler-like geometry (in the sense of distinguished (d-) connection, d-torsions and d-curvatures) of the rheonomic Berwald-Moor metric of order three. Some natural geometrical field theories (gravitational and electromagnetic) produced by the preceding rheonomic Berwald-Moor metric of order three are also exposed.Comment: 14 page

Linearized Credibility Formula for Exponentially Weighted Squared Error Loss Function

Is an original paper, which describes techniques for estimating premiums for risks, containing a fraction (a part) of the variance of the risk as a loading on the net risk premium.the linearized credibility formula, the best risk premium – in the sense of the minimal weighted mean squared error -, variance premium

THE PRICING OF AUDIT SERVICES: EVIDENCE FROM ROMANIA

The main objective of this study is to investigate factors influencing theamount of external audit fees in Romania. Of particular interest is the examination ofthe potential effect of the client size, client complexity, and the size of the audit firmon external audit fees. An audit fee model is used to examine the effect of audit clientsize, client complexity, and the size of the audit firm on the amount of audit fees for asample of audit engagements performed in the tow of Romanian major counties. Thestudy’s results indicate that the amount of external audit fees is significantlyinfluenced by the audit client size, by the amount of turnover, by the number ofemployees. This study is original since it is the first to empirically investigate factorsinfluencing the pricing of audit services in on Romanian audit fee market.Romania, Auditor’s fees, External auditing, Auditors, Modelling

EX POST AND EX ANTE IMPACT ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH PROGRAMMES USING CMMI FRAMEWORK

In this paper, we propose a new approach for evaluating research projects and programs. According our approach, the improvement might be achieved by adopting a results-based and a project portfolio approach, and assuring a research and technology development (RTD) indicators documentation through a standard and comprehensive indicator description, named indicator template. The results-based approach will assure a consistent indicators structure, according to the results chains and a strong connection between ex ante and ex post impact evaluation. The project portfolio approach will assure a tight integration of the research performance indicators, especially between policies goals and program results. And, finally defining a comprehensive indicator template it will be possible to understand better the indicators, develop a detailed analysis, based on the business intelligence techniques, such as OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing), data mining and text mining. According our knowledge the usage of this kind of techniques on RTD metadata is an innovative process. What we expect to find out is the indicators similarities and differentiations, the indicators clusters, the association between indicators, the most important input factors of indicators definition. According the results-based and project portfolio approach the discovered patterns will be evaluatedRDT indicator, RDT statistics, indicator template, data mining, text mining.

THE FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF THE INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION

The aim of the paper is to provide an overview over the challenges and opportunities thatinternal auditors are going to face with, in the context of current economic and financial worldwide crisis.Using fundamental type of research, but also combining inductive with deductive type of research, we haveidentified several key trends that will certainly influence next perspectives of internal audit function in thecoming period. Our findings show us that next future will give some important challenges for the internalauditors, consisting in developing skills in assessment the effectiveness of risk management which will helpto increase the added value provided by the internal audit, and most importantly, will increase internalaudit’s accountability. Even more the international professional bodies that coordinate internal auditactivity will have to make all necessary efforts for the development of practical guidelines for assessing theeffectiveness of risk management so internal auditors to be equipped with the necessary skills to face with thehigher and higher expectations that will characterize the future perspectives of the internal auditing.internal audit function, risk management, internal auditor, added value, internal audit standards