Marine Ecosystems Challenges and Opportunities (MECOS 2) Book of Abstracts

The 5th International Symposium on Cage Aquaculture in Asia (CAA5) is being organised by the Asian Fisheries Society and the ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), in association with the Asian Fisheries Society Indian Branch, from the 25th to 28th of November 2015 at Kochi, India. The event will cover an array of topics related to cage culture under the broad headings of Marine Production Systems, Inland Production Systems, Breeding and Seed Production, Nutrition and Feed, Health and Environment Management and Economics, Livelihood and Policies

Status of marine fisheries of Kerala

Kerala with a coastline of 590 km is a significant contributor to the total marine fish landings of the country. A picture of the marine fisheries sector in Kerala during the years 2005 and 2010 is presented below (Table 1). With a continental shelf of about 40,000 km2 marine fisheries plays a vital role in the livelihood of the people

DNA barcoding of endangered medicinal plant Cayratia pedata

Acknowledging the effectiveness of plants and their products in the treatment of diseases, the WHO recognizes that medicinal plants play an important role in the low-cost primary healthcare of about 80% of world's population in developing countries including India. Plant and other natural products are gaining popularity as an alternative and system of medicine all over the world. Cayratia pedata is an indigenous endangered medicinal herb of south India belonging to the family Vitaceae. Traditionally, the leaves of this plant have been used as a dietary ingredient in the treatment of ulcers and diarrhoea. In Ayurveda the extract from Cayratia pedata is used to prepare formulations prescribed to treat microbial infections, ulcers, inflammations and arthritis. We have identified this plant to be a good source of phytochemicals like alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and terpenoids. Correct identification of any medicinal plant is an absolute requirement in order to avoid errors in collection of the plants used for the formulations whose effectiveness depends on the natural products contained in them. DNA barcoding is a reliable tool in scientifically identifying medicinal plants. The current study explains how DNA barcode analysis of the plant Cayratia pedata helps in the proper identification based on nucleotide diversity of short DNA segments. DNA from the leaves of the plant was extracted and the chloroplast gene rbcL was amplified by PCR and sequenced. The sequence was subjected to a BLAST analysis to compare it with that of other species and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The results confirmed that the plant belonged to the family Vitaceae. DNA bar-code analysis is a powerful technique for the identification, vouching and registration of medicinal plants especially when there is high species diversity. This helps in collecting the precise species that has the maximum yield of the active principles needed by the unskilled user as well as the pharmaceutical industry

Selective Synthesis of Benzaldehydes by Hypochlorite Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols under Phase Transfer Catalysis

The selective synthesis of benazaldehyde and substituted benzaldehydes from corresponding benzyl al-cohols has been carried out by using hypochlorite as an oxidant in organic medium under phase trans-fer catalysis. The reaction is highly selective since no traces of benzoic acid or substituted benzoic acids have been detected and the yield is found to be more than 90%. The products obtained were precipi-tated as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone and the recrystallised products were characterized by melting point and by spectrophotometric techniques like infra red and UV-Visible analysis. © 2015 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reserved.Received: 10th August 2014; Revised: 20th September 2014; Accepted: 21st September 2014How to Cite: Bijudas, K., Bashpa, P., Bibin, V. P., Nair, L., Priya, A. P., Aswathy, M., Krishnendu, C., Lisha, P. (2015). Selective Synthesis of Benzaldehydes by Hypochlorite Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols under Phase Transfer Catalysis. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis, 10 (1): 38-42. (doi:10.9767/bcrec.10.1.7189.38-42)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.10.1.7189.38-42</p

Epigenetic regulation of the nuclear genome associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)

Abstract Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial hereditary disease in which visual loss affects complex 1 activity of the electron transport chain of mitochondria. It first manifests as painless dulling or blurry in one or even both eyes, and as it develops, sharpness and color perception are lost. In addition to primary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, there are also other environmental and epigenetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of LHON. One of the most common locations for deadly pathogenic mutations in humans is the human complex I accessory NDUFS4 subunit gene. The iron-sulfur clusters of the electron input domain were distorted in the absence of NDUFS4, which reduced complex I function and elevated the production of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, here, we studied the epigenetic alterations of NDUFS4 by focusing on histone activation and repressive markers. We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from LHON patients and healthy individuals and examined epigenetic modifications in ND4 mutant cells and control cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qRT PCR (ChIP-qRT PCR) assays were performed to investigate the modifications of histones. In comparison to their controls, both LHON patients and ND4 mutant cells exhibited a significant enrichment in activation and repressive markers. This finding indicates that these modifications might mitigate the impact of LHON mutations on complex 1 and aid in elucidating the mechanism underlying the progression of LHON disease

Mussel watch: Metal contamination Assessment in Vembanad Lake

Mussel watch: Metal contamination Assessment in Vembanad Lak

Therapeutic efficacy evaluation of florfenicol against Vibrio harveyi in snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii)

Bacterial diseases cause severe economic losses in aquaculture. Well-timed therapeutic interventions with suitable doses of antimicrobials are crucial for minimizing these economic losses (Stentiford et al., 2012). For this, knowledge of the drug efficacy against major pathogens of each targeted host is critical so that overdosing and using ineffective drugs can be avoided. Nevertheless, information on the in vivo efficacy of antimicrobials in most tropical marine fish is lacking. Among the four recommended antimicrobials for aquaculture by USFDA (2008), florfenicol (FFC) is usually preferred. In vivo efficacy of FFC against certain aquatic pathogens, including Vibrio harveyi (Parmar, Yusufzai, Parmar, Nanjiyani, & Chavda, 2018) has been proved in several freshwater fish (Darwish 2007; Gaunt et al., 2004; Soto, Endris, & Hawke, 2010), but in a limited marine fish (Feng, Ruan, Chen, Luo, & Dong, 2018; Kogiannou, Nikoloudaki, Katharios, Triga, & Rigos, 2021). Among the high-value cultivable marine tropical finfishes, Trachinotus blochii is a promising species (FAO, 2021). Incidences of infectious diseases, especially vibriosis, however, hamper successful farming practices. While biosafety and tissue residue of oxytetracycline were evaluated in T. blochii (Sharma et al., 2021), in vivo efficacy information is lacking in this species. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate in vivo therapeutic efficacy of FFC in T. blochii against experimental V. harveyi infection

Not Available

Not AvailableKerala with a coastline of 590 km is a significant contributor to the total marine fish landings of the country. A picture of the marine fisheries sector in Kerala during the years 2005 and 2010 is presented below (Table 1). With a continental shelf of about 40,000 km2 marine fisheries plays a vital role in the livelihood of the people.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableKerala with a coastline of 590 km is a significant contributor to the total marine fish landings of the country. A picture of the marine fisheries sector in Kerala during the years 2005 and 2010 is presented below (Table 1). With a continental shelf of about 40,000 km2 marine fisheries plays a vital role in the livelihood of the people.Not Availabl