77 research outputs found

    Biogeographische, morphologische und molekularbiologische Untersuchungen zum Artstatus von Acalles temperei PĂ©ricart, 1987 und Kyklioacalles navieresi (Boheman, 1837)

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    Neben biogeographischen werden morphologische Argumente zusammengetragen, die fĂŒr eine Synonymisierung der Arten Acalles parvulus Boheman, 1837 = Acalles temperei PĂ©ricart, 1987 sprechen. Entlang eines Transekts zwischen dem Mont Pilat (Dep. Loire) und dem Mont Saint-Martin nördlich von Grenoble (Dep. IsĂšre) wird ĂŒber den Vergleich der Aedoeagi eine Cline sichtbar, die am Artstatus von Acalles temperei zweifeln lĂ€sst. BestĂ€tigung finden diese vergleichenden, phĂ€notypischen Untersuchungen durch erste molekulargenetische Untersuchungen. Danach scheint entweder eine Hybridisierungszone wahrscheinlich oder der Verdacht liegt nahe, dass Acalles parvulus und Acalles temperei eine einzige, geographisch strukturierte Art darstellen. Völlig anders liegen die molekularbiologischen Ergebnisse bei Kyklioacalles roboris (Curtis, 1834) und der erst kĂŒrzlich resynonymisierten Art Kyklioacalles navieresi (Boheman, 1837): Die DNA-Sequenzanalysen der mitochondrialen CO1- und 16S-Gene sowie des nukleĂ€ren 28S-Gens zeigen, dass Kyklioacalles navieresi und Kyklioacalles roboris zwei eigenstĂ€ndige, wenn auch eng verwandte Arten darstellen.New insights from biogeography, morphology and molecular biology: the species status of Acalles temperei PĂ©ricart, 1987 and Kyklioacalles navieresi (Boheman, 1837) (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae); including 14 colored photographies, 2 plates, 1 diagram and 8 distribution maps. Biogeographical and morphological arguments are presented that suggest the following synonymization: Acalles parvulus Boheman, 1837 = Acalles temperei PĂ©ricart, 1987. Comparing the aedeagi along a transect from Mont Pilat (Dep. Loire) to Mont Saint-Martin North of Grenoble (Dep. IsĂšre), a cline becomes apparent that raises doubts about the species status of Acalles temperei. These results, obtained by comparative phenotypic examination, are corroborated in a preliminary set of molecular genetic analyses. The latter either hint the existence of a hybrid zone or indicate that Acalles parvulus and Acalles temperei constitute a single, geographically structured species. The molecular results for Kyklioacalles roboris (Curtis, 1834) and the recently resynonymized species Kyklioacalles navieresi (Boheman, 1837) are very different. DNA sequence analysis of the mitochondrial CO1 and 16S genes and of the nuclear 28S gene showed that Kyklioacalles navieresi and Kyklioacalles roboris likely represent two individual, but closely related species

    Barcoding and interspecific relationships of Macaronesian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)

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    In dieser integrativ-taxonomischen Studie werden fĂŒr 468 der 735 bisher beschriebenen lauri-makaronesischen Arten und Unterarten der RĂŒsselkĂ€fer (Curculionoidea) mitochondriale CO1-Barcodes in 1388 Proben vorgelegt. Ein Bayes‘scher Baum (elektronisches Supplement) gibt Einblicke in die Beziehungen innerhalb der Arten und Unterarten, ohne ein phylogenetisches Gesamtbild oberhalb der Gattungsebene anzustreben. Mit Ausnahme einiger weniger diskutierter FĂ€lle erlaubt der vorliegende Datensatz von DNA-Barcodes eine zuverlĂ€ssige Re-Identifizierung und bemerkenswerte Differenzierung von Arten und wird die Entdeckung und Beschreibung neuer RĂŒsselkĂ€fer-Arten - sowie deren (Re-) Synonymisierung - von den Kanaren, Madeira, und den Azoren beschleunigen. Nur in einem einzigen Fall, bei den eingewanderten, verwandten Arten Rhinoncus castor und R. bruchoides (Ceutorhynchinae) aus Madeira, ergab die molekulare (Re-)Identifizierung einen unauflösbaren Widerspruch zu unserer morphologischen Artbestimmung. In den meisten FĂ€llen wurden die morphologischen Bestimmungen zuvor durch Vergleiche mit dem Typenmaterial untermauert und sequenzierte Exemplare wurden in einer Referenzsammlung fĂŒr spĂ€tere Nachbestimmungen hinterlegt.In an integrative taxonomic approach, this study presents mitochondrial CO1 barcodes for 468 of the 735 so far described Lauri-Macaronesian weevil (Curculionoidea) species and subspecies in 1388 samples. A Bayesian tree (electronic supplement) provides insights into within-species relationships, without aiming at phylogenetic accuracy above genus level. With the exception of a few discussed cases, the present dataset of DNA barcodes allows a reliable re-identification and remarkable differentiation of species and will accelerate the discovery of new weevil species from the Canary, Madeira and Azores archipelagos. Only in a single case, the similar species Rhinoncus castor and R. bruchoides (Ceutorhynchinae) from Madeira, did the molecular (re)identification reveal an unresolvable contradiction with our morphological species identification. In many cases, morphological determinations were bolstered by comparisons with the type material. Sequenced specimens were mounted and deposited in a reference collection for later re-determinations

    Molecular and morphological systematics of soil-inhabiting Cryptorhynchinae of the genus Acallorneuma and the tribe Torneumatini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with description of two new species.

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    Ausgehend von ökologischen (idealtypischen) Einordnungen der flugunfĂ€higen, westpalĂ€arktischen Cryptorhynchinae werden molekulare und morphologische Ergebnisse zur monophyletischen RĂŒsselkĂ€fer-Gattung Acallorneuma Mainardi, 1906 und zu den subterrestrisch lebenden Arten des Tribus Torneumatini Bedel, 1884 vorgestellt. Ein Katalog und ein BilderschlĂŒssel zu den 8 validen Arten der Acallorneuma leitet eine Diskussion ĂŒber die begrenzten Möglichkeiten einer rein morphologischen Analyse der uniformen Arten des Genus Acallorneuma ein. In einem weiteren Schritt wird die morphologische Systematik mit der molekularen Rekonstruktion der VerwandtschaftsverhĂ€ltnisse anhand einer Region des mitochondrialen CO1 Gens verglichen. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wenden wir uns den gegenwĂ€rtig 71 bekannten, blinden, flĂŒgellosen und weitgehend kryptischen, tief im Erdreich lebenden Arten der Torneumatini zu. Die molekulare Analyse zeigt zwischen den Arten erhebliche p-Distanzen, macht aber auch deutlich, dass die Rekonstruktion der VerwandtschaftsverhĂ€ltnisse ganz entscheidend von der Anzahl der Arten und Proben abhĂ€ngig ist. Dennoch wurden einige taxonomische Änderungen vorgenommen: Torneuma s. str. mit der Typusart Torneuma caecum Wollaston, 1860 gibt es nur auf dem Madeira Archipel! Die Arten des Subgenus Paratyphloporus Solari, 1937 stat. nov. – und zwar nur die von den Kanarischen Inseln – gehören in das Subgenus Paratorneuma Roudier, 1956 stat. nov. FĂŒr alle anderen Arten aus dem mediterranen Gebiet und den östlichen kanarischen Inseln ist eine endgĂŒltige Klassifikation zur Zeit noch nicht möglich (incertae sedis), auch wenn erste Gruppen - eingeteilt vor allem nach der Innensackstruktur des Aedoeagus - hier bereits vorgestellt werden (siehe Anhang 2). Torneuma deplanatum deplanatum (Hampe, 1864) ist die Typusart des Subgenus Typhloporus und schließt einige, aber eben nicht alle mediterranen Arten mit einem konstant tiefen RĂŒsselkanal ein, der – das zeigen unsere vergleichenden Studien – offensichtlich mehrere Male in der Evolution ausgebildet wurde. Zwei neue Arten werden abschließenden beschrieben: Torneuma (s. str.) isambertoi StĂŒben spec. nov. von Madeira and Torneuma (s.l.) cadizensis StĂŒben spec. nov. aus dem SĂŒden Spaniens. FĂŒr beide Arten werden SchlĂŒssel mit den nĂ€chst verwandten Arten prĂ€sentiert.StichwörterAcallorneuma, Torneumatini, Torneuma, Bayesian analysis, Integrative Taxonomy, morphology, CO1, new species, taxonomic changes, Western Palaearctic, Spain, Portugal, Canary Islands, Madeira.Nomenklatorische Handlungenisambertoi StĂŒben, 2016 (Torneuma (s. str.)), spec. nov.cadizensis StĂŒben, 2016 (Torneuma (s.l.)), spec. nov.Starting from an ecological classification of the morphotypes of apterous western Palaearctic Cryptorhynchinae, molecular systematic and morphological results for the monophyletic weevil genus Acallorneuma Mainardi, 1906 and the tribe Torneumatini Bedel, 1884 are presented. Based on the mitochondrial CO1 barcoding region, we discuss the limits of comparative morphology in the uniform Acallorneuma species. A catalogue and a pictorial key of all 8 species of Acallorneuma are provided. In a second step we compare morphology-based systematics of the genus Acallorneuma with our molecular reconstruction. Finally, we focus on the related blind, equally wingless and uniform, currently 71 species of the tribe Torneumatini living deep in the soil. This overview of the present state of research shows that molecular intrageneric resolution is highly dependent on the number of sampled species, especially in those cases with particularly long edges in the dendrogram. But although Torneumatini sampling was not complete due to the elusiveness of these subterranean species, some taxonomic changes could still be implemented: Torneuma s. str. with the type species Torneuma caecum Wollaston, 1860 occurs only on the Madeira archipelago. The species of the subgenus Paratyphloporus Solari, 1937 stat. nov. - only from the western Canary Islands(!) - must be transferred into the genus subgenus Paratorneuma Roudier, 1956 stat. nov. For all other species of the Mediterranean area and the eastern Canary Islands, the systematic classification needs to be remade (incertae sedis, see also appendix 2). Torneuma deplanatum deplanatum (Hampe, 1864) is the type species of the subgenus Typhloporus that includes some, but not all Mediterranean species with a constantly deep and wide pectoral canal, which - as it now seems likely – was developed several times. Two new species are described: Torneuma (s. str.) isambertoi StĂŒben spec. nov. from Madeira and Torneuma (s.l.) cadizensis StĂŒben spec. nov. from the south of Spain. In both cases keys are given to differentiate from the closely related species.KeywordsAcallorneuma, Torneumatini, Torneuma, Bayesian analysis, Integrative Taxonomy, morphology, CO1, new species, taxonomic changes, Western Palaearctic, Spain, Portugal, Canary Islands, Madeira.Nomenclatural Actsisambertoi StĂŒben, 2016 (Torneuma (s. str.)), spec. nov.cadizensis StĂŒben, 2016 (Torneuma (s.l.)), spec. nov

    Molecular species identification of Central European ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) using nuclear rDNA expansion segments and DNA barcodes

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The identification of vast numbers of unknown organisms using DNA sequences becomes more and more important in ecological and biodiversity studies. In this context, a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome <it>c </it>oxidase I (COI) gene has been proposed as standard DNA barcoding marker for the identification of organisms. Limitations of the COI barcoding approach can arise from its single-locus identification system, the effect of introgression events, incomplete lineage sorting, numts, heteroplasmy and maternal inheritance of intracellular endosymbionts. Consequently, the analysis of a supplementary nuclear marker system could be advantageous.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We tested the effectiveness of the COI barcoding region and of three nuclear ribosomal expansion segments in discriminating ground beetles of Central Europe, a diverse and well-studied invertebrate taxon. As nuclear markers we determined the 18S rDNA: V4, 18S rDNA: V7 and 28S rDNA: D3 expansion segments for 344 specimens of 75 species. Seventy-three species (97%) of the analysed species could be accurately identified using COI, while the combined approach of all three nuclear markers provided resolution among 71 (95%) of the studied Carabidae.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results confirm that the analysed nuclear ribosomal expansion segments in combination constitute a valuable and efficient supplement for classical DNA barcoding to avoid potential pitfalls when only mitochondrial data are being used. We also demonstrate the high potential of COI barcodes for the identification of even closely related carabid species.</p

    The Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) Data Portal

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    The Author(s) 2013. Published by Oxford University Press. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected] The attached file is the published pdf

    Managing Molecular Taxonomic Data

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    Biological taxonomy, the description and re-identification of species, is not able to face the current biodiversity crisis adequately: 70-98% of the several million species on our planet are still undescribed, while extinctions take place every minute. In order to overcome the 'taxonomic impediment', it has recently been proposed to speed up the identification of known species as well as the process of species discovery by using short genetic signature sequences, so-called 'DNA barcodes'. During the last few years, hundreds of thousands of DNA barcodes have been assembled. However, little emphasis has so far been given to theoretical considerations concerning the management of these data. Here I address questions on how to handle the data needed in molecular taxonomy (e.g. digital preservation, data quality, annotation, database integration). For this purpose, I analyze the NCBI GenBank database and the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD)
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