Systemic consequences of bariatric surgery and its repercussions on oral health

INTRODUÇÃO: O controle da obesidade mórbida pode ser realizado através da cirurgia bariátrica que leva à restrição e/ou à má-absorção de alimentos. O objetivo dessa revisão foi identificar consequências desse procedimento e suas repercussões na saúde bucal. MÉTODO: Foi realizada busca na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, sendo incluídos artigos com relação direta ou indireta entre cirurgia bariátrica e saúde bucal e publicados nos últimos dez anos. RESULTADOS: Verificaram-se algumas complicações decorrentes dessa operação, como regurgitação crônica e deficiências nutricionais, que podem trazer repercussões na cavidade bucal como erosão dentária, perda óssea e cárie dentária. Por outro lado, existem consequências positivas como controle da diabetes, da apnéia e melhora da auto-estima, que tornam os pacientes menos susceptíveis à complicações na cavidade oral, como xerostomia e doença periodontal. CONCLUSÃO: A manutenção da saúde bucal adequada em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica contribui para o sucesso após a operação, resguardando os benefícios e minimizando os efeitos colaterais

Presenteeism in Health Professionals / Presenteísmo em Profissionais de Saúde

Objective: analysis as scientific evidence on presenteeism in health professionals published between 2008 and 2018. Methods: integrative review, using the following controlled descriptors: presenteeism, health personnel and worker's health, in Portuguese and English, in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences databases, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Results: selected articles were published in the last 4 years of the research and all presented a quantitative approach. The findings were: three different concepts of presenteeism; different recall periods; five measuring instruments and factors that influence presenteeism. Conclusion: studies investigating presenteeism in health professionals are still scarce, and the lack of standardization of instruments and recall periods cause biases in the results found in the literature and hinder the investigation and application of the theme.Objetivo: analizar la evidencia científica sobre presentismo en profesionales de la salud publicada entre 2008 y 2018. Métodos: revisión integradora, utilizando los siguientes descriptores controlados: presentismo, personal de salud y salud del trabajador, en portugués e inglés, en las bases de datos de Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Resultados: los artículos seleccionados fueron publicados en los últimos 4 años de la investigación y todos presentaron un enfoque cuantitativo. Los hallazgos fueron: tres conceptos diferentes de presentismo; diferentes períodos de recuperación; cinco instrumentos de medida y factores que influyen en el presentismo. Conclusión: los estudios que investigan el presentismo en los profesionales de la salud aún son escasos, y la falta de estandarización de instrumentos y periodos de recordación provocan sesgos en los resultados encontrados en la literatura y dificultan la investigación y aplicación del tema.Objetivo: analisar as evidências científicas sobre presenteísmo em profissionais da saúde publicadas entre 2008 e 2018. Métodos: revisão integrativa, utilizando os seguintes descritores controlados: presenteísmo, pessoal de saúde e saúde do trabalhador, nos idiomas português e inglês, nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Resultados: os artigos selecionados foram publicados nos últimos 4 anos da pesquisa e todos apresentaram abordagem quantitativa. Os achados foram: três diferentes conceitos de presenteísmo; diferentes períodos recordatórios; cinco instrumentos de mensuração e fatores que influenciam no presenteísmo. Conclusão: estudos que investigam o presenteísmo em profissionais de saúde ainda são escassos, e a falta de padronização de instrumentos e períodos recordatórios ocasionam vieses nos resultados encontrados na literatura e prejudicam a investigação e aplicação da temática.

COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV: Peering through the waves

Objective: To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection. Methods: This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Patients with HIV and controls were matched for age, sex, number of comorbidities, and hospital of origin using the technique of propensity score matching (up to 4:1). They were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon for numerical variables. Results: Throughout the study, 17,101 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized, and 130 (0.76%) of those were infected with HIV. The median age was 54 (IQR: 43.0;64.0) years in 2020 and 53 (IQR: 46.0;63.5) years in 2021, with a predominance of females in both periods. People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and their controls showed similar prevalence for admission to the ICU and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in the two periods, with no significant differences. In 2020, in-hospital mortality was higher in the PLHIV compared to the controls (27.9% vs. 17.7%; p = 0.049), but there was no difference in mortality between groups in 2021 (25.0% vs. 25.1%; p > 0.999). Conclusions: Our results reiterate that PLHIV were at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality in the early stages of the pandemic, however, this finding did not sustain in 2021, when the mortality rate is similar to the control group

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Association between shift work, salivary cortisol levels, stress and fatigue in nurses: integrative review

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to identify scientific evidence about the association between shift work and changes on the cortisol circadian rhythm, stress and fatigue in nurses. Method: We found 1046 articles published between 2006 and 2016 in the Medline, LILACS, WOS, Scopus and SciElo databases, three articles were included in this review. Results: The studies presented low methodological rigor and inconclusive results due to methodological diversity and small sample size. Thus, based on the existing literature, it was not possible to determine the existence of a significant association between shift work, cortisol levels, stress and fatigue in nurses. Conclusion: The strategies required to obtain reliable and comparable results include the adoption of standard methods of participant selection, sample collection and analysis, and use of validated psychometric instruments

Genome Sequence of Exiguobacterium antarcticum B7, Isolated from a Biofilm in Ginger Lake, King George Island, Antarctica

Exiguobacterium antarcticum is a psychotropic bacterium isolated for the first time from microbial mats of Lake Fryxell in Antarctica. Many organisms of the genus Exiguobacterium are extremophiles and have properties of biotechnological interest, e. g., the capacity to adapt to cold, which make this genus a target for discovering new enzymes, such as lipases and proteases, in addition to improving our understanding of the mechanisms of adaptation and survival at low temperatures. This study presents the genome of E. antarcticum B7, isolated from a biofilm sample of Ginger Lake on King George Island, Antarctic peninsula.National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoCNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-CNPq)Brazilian Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-CAPES)Brazilian Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel SuperiorCAPES)Paraense Amazonia Foundation (Fundacao Amazonia ParaenseFAPESPA)Paraense Amazonia Foundation (Fundacao Amazonia Paraense-FAPESPA)Amazon Center of Excellence in Genomics of Microorganisms (Nucleo Amazonico de Excelencia em Genomica de Microorganismos)Centers of Excellence Support Program (Programa de apoio a Nucleo de Excelencia) Pronex/CNPq/FAPESPAAmazon Center of Excellence in Genomics of Microorganisms (Nucleo Amazonico de Excelencia em Genomica de Microorganismos)-Centers of Excellence Support Program (Programa de apoio a Nucleo de Excelencia) Pronex/CNPq/FAPESPANational Program for Academic Cooperation (Programa Nacional de Cooperacao Academica) PROCAD/CAPESNational Program for Academic Cooperation (Programa Nacional de Cooperacao Academica) PROCAD/CAPESStudies and Projects Funding Agency (Financiadora de Estudos e ProjetosFINEP)Studies and Projects Funding Agency (Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos-FINEP)Minas Gerais Research Fund (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais-FAPEMIG)Minas Gerais Research Fund (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do estado de Minas GeraisFAPEMIG

ATLANTIC ANTS: a data set of ants in Atlantic Forests of South America

International audienc