Geometric and harmonic means based priority dispatching rules for single machine scheduling problems

[EN] This work proposes two new prority dispatching rules (PDRs) for solving single machine scheduling problems. These rules are based on the geometric mean (GM) and harmonic mean (HM) of the processing time (PT) and the due date (DD) and they are referred to as GMPD and HMPD respectively. Performance of the proposed PDRs is evaluated on the basis of five measures/criteria i.e. Total Flow Time (TFT), Total Lateness (TL), Number of Late Jobs (TNL), Total Earliness (TE) and Number of Early Parts (TNE). It is found that GMPD performs better than other PDRs in achieving optimal values of multiple performance measures. Further, effect of variation in the weight assigned to PT and DD on the combined performance of TFT and TL is also examined which reveals that for deriving optimal values of TFT and TL, weighted harmonic mean (WHMPD) rule with a weight of 0.105 outperforms other PDRs. The weighted geometric mean (WGMPD) rule with a weight of 0.37 is found to be the next after WHMPD followed by the weighted PDT i.e. WPDT rule with a weight of 0.76.Ahmad, S.; Khan, ZA.; Ali, M.; Asjad, M. (2021). Geometric and harmonic means based priority dispatching rules for single machine scheduling problems. International Journal of Production Management and Engineering. 9(2):93-102. https://doi.org/10.4995/ijpme.2021.15217OJS9310292Baharom, M. Z., Nazdah, W., &Hussin, W. (2015). Scheduling Analysis for Job Sequencing in Veneer Lamination Line. Journal of Industrial and Intelligent Information, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.12720/jiii.3.3.181-185Chan, F. T. S., Chan, H. K., Lau, H. C. W., & Ip, R. W. L. (2003). Analysis of dynamic dispatching rules for a flexible manufacturing system. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 138(1), 325-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00093-1Cheng, T. C. E., &Kahlbacher, H. G. (1993). 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Planning and Scheduling in Manufacturing and Services (2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0910-7Prakash, A., Chan, F. T. S., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2011). FMS scheduling with knowledge based genetic algorithm approach. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(4), 3161-3171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.09.002Rafsanjani, M. K., &Bardsiri, A. K. (2012). A New Heuristic Approach for Scheduling Independent Tasks on Heterogeneous Computing Systems. International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, 371-376. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJMLC.2012.V2.147Tyagi, N., Tripathi, R. P., &Chandramouli, A. B. (2016). Single Machine Scheduling Model with Total Tardiness Problem. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(37). https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i37/97527Vinod, V., & Sridharan, R. (2008). Dynamic job-shop scheduling with sequence-dependent setup times: Simulation modeling and analysis. 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Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Industry 4.0: complex, disruptive, but inevitable

Low cost manufacturing of quality products remains an essential part of present economy and technological advances made it possible. Advances and amalgamation of information technology bring the production systems at newer level. Industry 4.0, factory for future, smart factory, digital manufacturing, and industrial automation are the new buzz words of industry stalwarts and academicians. These new technological revolutions bound to change not only the complete manufacturing scenarios but many other sectors of the society. In this paper an attempt has been made to capture the essence of Industry 4.0 by redefining it in simple words, further its complex, disruptive nature and inevitability along with technologies backing it has been discussed. Its enabling role in manufacturing philosophies like Lean Manufacturing, and Flexible Manufacturing are also reported. At last the challenges its adoption and future research areas are proposed

Supportability scenario-based contract alternatives for operating life of a mechanical system SS-based CAs for operating life of a mechanical system 103

Abstract: Supportability for a user is the ability of the manufacturer to execute all the support activities that are required for the upkeep of the system, in the most effective, efficient and timely manner throughout the operating life of the product, whenever and wherever needed. In this work, the various issues of supportability of mechanical systems have been studied. The case study is conducted on a compressor manufacturer (Burckhardt), which provides support to their end products that are installed at compressed natural gas stations in National Capital Region (NCR). Both the Burckhardt and its customer have aggressive plans of expanding their operations to new locations in future. As a first step, it is necessary to have a mechanism to generate and evaluate various contract alternatives (CAs) with an objective of minimising the costs incurred to various players in the contract and at the same time, ensuring the minimum service level performance of the system. The methodology presented in this paper will be helpful to Burckhardt and/or any original equipment manufacturer in general, for selecting supportability-based CAs. This study will also be helpful to researchers, engineers, maintenance professionals and other persons concerned, to understand the issues involved in supportability-based CAs. Keywords: support; support player; support activity; SSs; supportability scenarios; contracts; Burckhardt Compressor Ltd. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Asjad, M., Kulkarni, M.S. and Gandhi, O.P. (2013) 'Supportability scenario-based contract alternatives for operating life of a mechanical system', Int

Effect of naringin on hemodynamic changes and left ventricular function in renal artery occluded renovascular hypertension in rats

Background: Renal artery occlusion (RAO) induced hypertension is a major health problem associated with structural and functional variations of the renal and cardiac vasculature. Naringin a flavanone glycoside derived possesses metal-chelating, antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive activity of naringin in RAO induced hypertension in rats.Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats (180-200 g) were divided into five groups Sham, RAO, naringin (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg). Animals were pretreated with naringin (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg p.o) for 4 weeks. On the last day of the experiment, left renal artery was occluded with renal bulldog clamp for 4 h. After assessment of hemodynamic and left ventricular function various biochemical (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione [GSH] and malondialdehyde [MDA]) and histological parameters were determined in the kidney. Results: RAO group significantly (P < 0.001) increased hemodynamic parameters at 15, 30 and 45 min of clamp removal. Naringin (40 and 80 mg/kg) treated groups showed a significant decrease in hemodynamic parameters at 15 min. after clamp removal that remained sustained for 60 min. Naringin (40 and 80 mg/kg) treated groups showed significant improvement in left ventricular function at 15, 30 and 45 min after clamp removal. Alteration in level of SOD, GSH and MDA was significantly restored by naringin (40 and 80 mg/kg) treatment. It also reduced histological aberration induced in kidney by RAO. Conclusion: It is concluded that the antihypertensive activity of naringin may result through inhibition of oxidative stress

Enhanced weak force sensing based on atom-based coherent quantum noise cancellation in a hybrid cavity optomechanical system

We theoretically investigate the weak force-sensing based on coherent quantum noise cancellation (CQNC) scheme in a hybrid cavity optomechanical system containing a trapped ensemble of ultracold atoms and an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). In our proposed system the back action noise can be completely eliminated at all frequencies as well as through the proper choice of the OPA parameters noise spectral density can be also reduced at lower frequencies. This leads to the significant enhancement in the weak force sensing and also surpasses the standard quantum limit (SQL) even for small input power at lower detection frequency. Our study can be used for the realization of force sensor based on hybrid cavity optomechanical systems and for coherent quantum control in macroscopic systems.Comment: We have to add many new and correct result

Multi-Response Optimization of Nanofluid-Based I. C. Engine Cooling System Using Fuzzy PIV Method

Effective cooling of the internal combustion (I. C.) engines is of utmost importance for their improved performance. Automotive heat exchangers used as radiator with low efficiency in the industry may pose a serious threat to the engines. Thus, thermal scientists and engineers are always looking for modern methods to boost the heat extraction from the engine. A novel idea of using nanofluids for engine cooling has been in the news for some time now, as they have huge potential because of better thermal properties, strength, compactness, etc. Nanofluids are expected to replace the conventional fluids such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, water etc. due to performance and environmental concerns. Overall performance of the engine cooling system depends on several input parameters and therefore they need to be optimised to achieve an optimum performance. This study is focussed on developing a nanofluid engine cooling system (NFECS) where Al2O3 nanoparticles mixed with ethylene glycol (EG) and water is used as nanofluid. Furthermore, it also explores the effect of four important input parameters of the NFECS i.e., nanofluid inlet temperature, engine load, nanofluid flow rate, and nanoparticle concentration on its five attributes (output responses) viz thermal conductivity of the nanofluid, heat transfer coefficient, viscosity of the nanofluid, engine pumping power required to pump the desired amount of the nanofluid, and stability of the nanofluid. Taguchi&rsquo;s L18 orthogonal array is used as the design of experiment to collect experimental data. Weighting factors are determined for output responses using the Triangular fuzzy numbers (TFN) and optimal setting of the input parameters is obtained using a novel fuzzy proximity index value (FPIV) method