Superior Exploration-Exploitation Balance with Quantum-Inspired Hadamard Walks

This paper extends the analogies employed in the development of quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms by proposing quantum-inspired Hadamard walks, called QHW. A novel quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm, called HQEA, for solving combinatorial optimization problems, is also proposed. The novelty of HQEA lies in it's incorporation of QHW Remote Search and QHW Local Search - the quantum equivalents of classical mutation and local search, that this paper defines. The intuitive reasoning behind this approach, and the exploration-exploitation balance thus occurring is explained. From the results of the experiments carried out on the 0,1-knapsack problem, HQEA performs significantly better than a conventional genetic algorithm, CGA, and two quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms - QEA and NQEA, in terms of convergence speed and accuracy.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, late-breakin

Targeted differentiation of ES cell into serotonergic neurons

Serotonin ist ein Neurotransmitter im zentralen Nervensystem (ZNS), die eine Vielzahl von Funktionen in der menschlichen Physiologie hat. Serotonergen Neuronen in der Raphe-Kerne des Gehirns Unser Ziel war die Leitung der Differenzierung von embryonalen Stammzellen (ES-Zellen) eingeengt und pluripotenten Stammzellen (iPS) Zellen in eine angereicherte Population von Serotonin-produzierenden Zellen, neuartige Gene, die wesentlich für die Entwicklung zu identifizieren und die Funktion des serotonergen Systems. Zu diesem Zweck haben wir differenzierten ES-Zellen in Serotonin-produzierenden Neuronen. Verwendung von RNA zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten im Verlauf der ES-Zelldifferenzierung wir Gene spezifisch in serotonergen Linie von Affymetrix Genarray angereichert identifiziert isoliert. Um Kandidatengene bewerten wir neu programmiert Maus und Ratte embryonale Fibroblasten zu iPS-Zellen und anschließend differenziert sie serotonergen Neuronen. Wir haben uns für Cacna2d1, für eine alpha2 / delta-Untereinheit von spannungsabhängigen Calciumkanäle als prominentesten Kandidaten unter diesen Genen kodiert. Zur Analyse der Rolle des Proteins Cacna2d1 wir verwendet Cacna2d1 Knockout-Mäusen und Morpholino-Knockdown im Zebrafisch. Wir versäumt, direkte Beteiligung der Cacna2d1 mit serotonergen Systems sehen. Allerdings Immunfärbung für Cacna2d1 in Zebrafisch zeigte zeitabhängige Muster während der frühen Entwicklung. Cacna2d1 Expression wurde in seitlichen Mittellinie Stamm gesehen; vermutlich in Neuromasten Zellen. Übereinstimmend mit ihrer Charakterisierung als Neuromasten werden diese Cacna2d1-positiven Zellen in Richtung der Schwanz der Migration. Darüber hinaus zeigte Zebrafisch gestörten Migrationsverhalten der Neuromasten nach Morpholino-Knockdown von Cacna2d1. So ist diese Studie stellte klar, dass Cacna2d1 ist für Zebrafisch Seitenlinie Entwicklung aber keinen Einfluss auf die Einrichtung des serotonergen Systems.Serotonin is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), which has a wide range of functions in human physiology. Serotonergic neurons are concentrated in the raphe nuclei of the brain We aimed at directing the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into an enriched population of serotonin producing cells to identify novel genes that are essential for the development and function of serotonergic system. To this purpose we differentiated ES cells into serotonin producing neurons. Using RNA isolated at different time points during the course of ES cell differentiation we identified genes specifically enriched in the serotonergic lineage by Affymetrix gene array. To evaluate candidate genes we reprogrammed mouse and rat embryonic fibroblast to iPS cells and subsequently differentiated them to serotonergic neurons. We selected Cacna2d1, coding for an alpha2/delta subunit of voltage dependent calcium channels as a most prominent candidate among these genes. To analyse the role of the Cacna2d1 protein we used Cacna2d1 knockout mice and morpholino-knockdown in zebrafish. We failed to see direct involvement of Cacna2d1 with serotonergic system. However immunostaining for Cacna2d1 in zebrafish revealed time-dependent pattern during early development. Cacna2d1 expression was seen in lateral midline trunk; presumably in neuromast cells. Concordantly with their characterization as neuromasts, these Cacna2d1-positive cells are migrating towards the tail. Moreover, zebrafish showed disturbed migration behaviours of neuromasts after morpholino-knockdown of Cacna2d1. Thus, this study clarified that Cacna2d1 is essential for zebrafish lateral line development but does not affect the establishment of the serotonergic system

Gravitational surface Hamiltonian and entropy quantization

The surface Hamiltonian corresponding to the surface part of a gravitational action has $xp$ structure where $p$ is conjugate momentum of $x$. Moreover, it leads to $TS$ on the horizon of a black hole. Here $T$ and $S$ are temperature and entropy of the horizon. Imposing the hermiticity condition we quantize this Hamiltonian. This leads to an equidistant spectrum of its eigenvalues. Using this we show that the entropy of the horizon is quantized. This analysis holds for any order of Lanczos-Lovelock gravity. For general relativity, the area spectrum is consistent with Bekenstein's observation. This provides a more robust confirmation of this earlier result as the calculation is based on the direct quantization of the Hamiltonian in the sense of usual quantum mechanics.Comment: Revised version, accepted in Phys. Lett.

Unrestricted Charging Controllar Design Magnitude

This paper presents to be routine in DC/DC phase of Bi-directional battery charger. The neutral is to analyst the filter latitude that will additional shrink the system cost and capacity. Key area is to moderate current ripple of the charging current which produce will approximately ripple unrestricted charging for batteries. Ripple unrestricted charging will shrink the further warmth triggered by the current ripple and surge the battery life. The filter-centered controller is project to transaction with the latent variability problem carried by a high order filter. The filter-centered technique has the compensations of effortlessly operation and no essential of additional current or voltage sensors. This dc/dc phase communicate converter to ease the charging purpose. Together low pass filter centered controller and nick filter based controller are evaluated and nick filter based controller has improved routine

Design And Characterization Of Regenerative Potential In Full Thickness Burn Wound Model

Hydrogel is a three-dimensional network of interconnecting polymers that is crosslinked and consists of hydrophilic polymers that can absorb and endure water. Because it mimics the extracellular matrix (ECM), the hydrogel has found widespread use in pharmacological and biological applications. Many types of wound dressings are based on hydrogels due to its many advantages. These dressings include Coseal, Tegaderm, Algisite, and Evicel. Notwithstanding their exceptional ability to cure wounds, they have many drawbacks, including expensive expenses, unfavourable storage conditions, and inadequate mechanical protection for the wound. As we have come to realise the need for dressings with greater performance qualities (e.g., antimicrobial, biodegradable, responsive, and injectable), the field of wound dressings has attracted an increasing amount of interest. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the hydrogel loaded with 7, 8-Dihydroxy flavone\u27s healing capabilities in a full-thickness burn wound model

Unrestricted Charging Controllar Design Magnitude

This paper presents to be routine in DC/DC phase of Bi-directional battery charger. The neutral is to analyst the filter latitude that will additional shrink the system cost and capacity. Key area is to moderate current ripple of the charging current which produce will approximately ripple unrestricted charging for batteries. Ripple unrestricted charging will shrink the further warmth triggered by the current ripple and surge the battery life. The filter-centered controller is project to transaction with the latent variability problem carried by a high order filter. The filter-centered technique has the compensations of effortlessly operation and no essential of additional current or voltage sensors. This dc/dc phase communicate converter to ease the charging purpose. Together low pass filter centered controller and nick filter based controller are evaluated and nick filter based controller has improved routine

The comparative effects of Itopride and Levosulpiride orally used in patients suffering from Non-ulcer dyspepsia

Background: Itopride and Levosulpiride both comes under the group of Prokinetic drugs. These drugs are used for the treatment of non-ulcer dyspepsia, heart burn, nausea and vomiting. Both drugs act on dopaminergic D2 receptor as antagonist and increases the concentration of acetylcholine so that gastric peristalsis will be increase and that time pressure at lower oesophageal sphincter will be increase thus gastric motility increases and there will be good gastro-duodenal co-ordination.Method: This study has to conduct on patients with complains of non-ulcer dyspepsia attended Medical outdoor and department of pharmacology of SKMCH Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India. The total 60 patients have to include in the study, which have to randomly divide in two groups. Group A (itopride) comprising of 30 patients and Group B (Levosulpiride) comprising of 30 patients. Patients have to randomly allocate to receive one tablet of itopride hydrochloride, 50 mg three times daily before meal and one tablet Levosulpiride of 75 mg three times daily before meal. Authors have to enroll the patients at the interval of two weeks and continue it upto 3 months.Results: Study did not found any remarkable change in biochemistry profile. Only QT prolongation changes were found in two patients, but no serious cardiac toxicity was observed with patient receiving Levosulpiride. Neither QT prolongation nor serious cardiac toxicity was observed with itopride hydrochloride therapy.Conclusions: In present study, efficacy of Itopride was comparable to Levosulpiride in relieving the symptoms of non-ulcer dyspepsia. Both the drugs were clinically and biochemically well tolerated. QT prolongation changes were found in two patients, but no serious cardiac toxicity was observed with patient receiving Levosulpiride. Itopride does not show cardiac toxicity and any changes in ECG