Connectedness of Bowditch Boundary of Dehn Fillings

We study Dehn fillings of relatively hyperbolic group pairs $(\Gamma, \P)$ and the persistence of connectedness of Bowditch boundary in sufficiently long Dehn fillings. We show that the restriction of peripheral subgroups to virtually polycyclic subgroups is not needed.Comment: 9 page

Local Connectedness of Bowditch Boundary of Relatively Hyperbolic Groups

If the Bowditch boundary of a finitely generated relatively hyperbolic group is connected, then, we show that it is locally connected. Bowditch showed that this is true provided the peripheral subgroups obey certain tameness condition. In this paper, we show that these tameness conditions are not necessary

TAFSIR HURUF BA’ DALAM BASMALAH; PENDEKATAN TAFSIR ISYARI NAJMUDDIN AL-KUBRA

The Koran is not just a reading for Muslims, but should be a guide for all mankind. To use the Koran as a guide, a correct understanding is required through proper interpretation of the Koran. One of the interpretive approaches that tries to reveal the interpretation of the Koran is the interpretation carried out by the great Sufis, also known as the Isyari tafsir. Isyari interpretation has a unique approach but does not contradict the meaning of the birth of a verse in the Koran. This article aims to explore the interpretation presented by Shaykh Najmuddin al-Kubra with the isyari interpretation approach to the letter Ba’ in surah al-Fatihah. The interpretation of the letter Ba’ which he presented provides a profound message framed by ethical teachings to Allah and His creatures

Effects of glucosamine versus chondroitin sulfate in reducing joint space narrowing in knee osteoarthritis

Objective: To determine if over the counter supplements, chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine, in combination or alone, are effective in the treatment of joint space narrowing (JSN) in knee osteoarthritis. Design: Systematic Literature Review Methods: Database search of PubMed and MEDLINE using the search terms “glucosamine”, “chondroitin sulfate”, “osteoarthritis”, and joint space narrowing. Filters were implemented to include articles that only dealt with human subjects, that were published in 2000 or later, and were full-text. Articles were excluded if they were cohort studies, reviews, non-English papers, or had pain as the only outcome. Results: Sawitzke et al.primary outcomes revealed no overall significant difference between mean JSW loss over a two-year period between treatment and placebo groups. Secondary outcomes showed no significant likelihood of radiographic progression with treatment groups versus placebo. Fransen et al.observed a significant decrease in JSN in 2 years with glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate combined but there was no statistical significant in JSN with glucosamine or chondroitin sulfate alone as compared to placebo. There was also a small reduction in knee pain observed versus placebo. The meta-analysis by Lee et. alobserved those studies in which there was a small protective effect on minimum JSN with glucosamine and chondroitin individually after two years but there was no statistical significance seen at one year. Conclusion: Overall, studies showed that chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine, and especially the combination of the two, do have a small protective effect depending on the severity of knee osteoarthritis, the number of years the supplement is utilized, and the drug dosage

Pemahaman Aqidah Islam di Kalangan Kaum Milenial di Desa Percut Kec. Percut Sei Tuan

Percut Village is one of the villages in the Percut Sei Tuan sub-district, Deli Serdang Regency with an area of 1,063 hectares. When progress is considered a mecca for millennials. Millennials do not understand the values of teachings in Islam resulting in them falling into deviant teachings and not in accordance with what Islam teaches so that the millennial aqeedah declines. Looking at the condition of the reduced millennial Muslims themselves, it can be easily interpreted that the reduced Millennial Muslims are Muslims who were born in the midst of the times and in the midst of globalization. The questions in this study; 1) How is the understanding of Islamic aqidah among millennials in Percut village?; 2) What are the efforts to strengthen Islamic aqidah in Percut village?. The government of Percut Village, Percut Sei Tuan District will not miss to give great attention to all its citizens, especially millennials in order to maintain their faith/faith values. -religious institutions in fostering generations (teenagers) through religion