Interacción de agua con películas delgadas de cobre

La adsorción de gases en superficies metálicas abarca una amplia variedad de disciplinas. Procesos como los de oxidación, corrosión, actividad catalítica y reactividad dependen críticamente del estudio de los fenómenos de superficie. Si bien con el advenimiento de nuevas técnicas de ultra alto vacío (UAV) y sensibles métodos de análisis se han resuelto graves inconvenientes en diversas áreas de aplicación, muchos procesos industriales se basan aún en conocimientos empíricos. Los estudios de superficie, en su mayoría, enfocan su atención en mecanismos que tienen lugar en superficies "modelos", las cuales difieren notablemente de las superficies :"reales" de gran interés tecnológico. En tal sentido, el estudio de reacciones heterogéneas catalizadas por películas metálicas delgadas, son el nexo imprescindible entre la fisicoquímica de superficies y las distintas áreas de la ciencia aplicada. En especial, la interacción de agua con superficies metálicas tanto desde el punto de vista de la catálisis heterogénea como de los fenómenos electroquímicos de corrosión es uno de los tópicos que más ha centrado la atención en estos últimos años. Además de sus múltiples aplicaciones prácticas, la particularidad que presenta el agua de formar fuertes uniones intermoleculares, comparables a la unión metal-adsorbato y la tendencia a la disociación registrada en numerosos metales , contribuyen a considerar el sistema agua-metal especialmente apto para el estudio de interacciones entre partículas adsorbidas y su relación con superficies metálicas. Por lo tanto, reviste notable interés un estudio extensivo de la interacción de agua con películas delgadas de cobre. En el presente trabajo (PT), junto con la caracterización detallada de las etapas elementales tales como: adsorción, desorción, migración superficial y reactividad, se investiga la influencia de la estructura del sustrato y de la presencia de especies coadsorbidas (oxígeno) en la actividad catalítica. De esta forma ha sido posible establecer las pautas generales para una variación sistemática de diferentes parámetros que modifican la actividad de las superficies de cobre frente al agua.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Desarrollo de la musculatura intrinseca ocular en el embrión de pollo

Tesis Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Biología Celular (Morfología Microscópica), leída el 14-01-1993Depto. de Biología CelularFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpu

Arthroscopic stabilisation of an acute acromioclavicular dislocation grade III in a patient with ectopic insertion of the pectoralis minor: technical considerations

The different approaches used in arthroscopic stabilisation of the acromioclavicular joint are well known. However, and despite a great incidence of ectopic pectoralis minor insertion, an alternative choice for the use of arthroscopic portal has not being sufficiently described. Here, we describe a case of acute acromioclavicular dislocation grade III. The arthroscopic stabilisation was achieved using the TightRope (Arthrex, Naples, USA) implant. Through this technique, the approach to the articular portion of the coracoid process can be made intra-articularly or from the subacromial space. We accessed intra-articularly, by opening the rotator interval to reach the coracoid process from the joint cavity. After opening the rotator interval, an ectopic insertion of the pectoralis minor was observed. The choice of approach of the coracoid process from the subacromial space would have complicated the intervention, making it necessary to sever the ectopic tendon to complete the technique, lengthening the surgical time and increasing the chance of complications. For this reason, the use of a standard posterior portal providing intra-articular arthroscopic access through the rotator interval is recommended since the aforementioned anatomical variation is not infrequent. Level of evidence Therapeutic studies—investigating the results of treatment, Level V

Seasonal changes in antioxidative/oxidative profile of mining and non-mining populations of Syrian beancaper as determined by soil conditions

Soil pollution by heavy metals/metalloids (HMMs) is a problem worldwide. To prevent dispersion of contaminated particles by erosion, the maintenance of a vegetative cover is needed. Successful plant establishment in multi-polluted soils can be hampered not only by HMM toxicities, but also by soil nutrient deficiencies and the co-occurrence of abiotic stresses. Some plant species are able to thrive under these multi-stress scenarios often linked to marked fluctuations in environmental factors. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic adjustments involved in Zygophyllum fabago acclimative responses to conditions prevailing in HMM-enriched mine-tailings piles, during Mediterranean spring and summer. To this end, fully expanded leaves, and rhizosphere soil, of three contrasting mining and non-mining populations of Z. fabago grown spontaneously in south-eastern Spain were sampled in two consecutive years. Approximately 50 biochemical, physiological and edaphic parameters were examined, including leaf redox components, primary and secondary metabolites, endogenous levels of salicylic acid, and physicochemical properties of soil (fertility parameters and total concentration of HMMs). Multivariate data analysis showed a clear distinction in antioxidative/oxidative profiles between and within the populations studied. Levels of chlorophylls, proteins and proline characterized control plants whereas antioxidant capacity and C- and S-based antioxidant compounds were biomarkers of mining plants. Seasonal variations were characterized by higher levels of alkaloids and PAL and soluble peroxidase activities in summer, and by soluble sugars and hydroxycinnamic acids in spring irrespective of the population considered. Although the antioxidant systems are subjected to seasonal variations, the way and the intensity with which every population changes its antioxidative/oxidative profile seem to be determined by soil conditions. In short, Z. fabago displays a high physiological plasticity that allow it to successfully shift its metabolism to withstand the multiple stresses that plants must cope with in mine tailings piles under Mediterranean climatic conditions.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación [grant number CTM2011-23958]; Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología [grant number CGL2006-11569]; and Fundación Séneca [grant number FB/23/FS/02]. AL-O holds a grant from the Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte [grant number AP2012-2559]. Part of this work was carried out at the Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, UPCT

Applying Recommendations to Align Competences, Methodology, and Assessment in Telematics, Computing, and Electronic Engineering Courses

The alignment between competences, teachinglearning methodologies, and assessment is a key element of European higher education. This paper presents the efforts carried out by six telematics, computer science and electronic engineering education teachers toward achieving this alignment in their subjects. In a joint work with pedagogues, a set of recommended actions are identified. A selection of these actions are applied and evaluated in the six subjects. The cross analysis of the results indicates that the actions allow students to better understand the methodologies and assessments planned for the subjects, facilitate (self-) regulation, and increase students’ involvement in the subjects

El proceso enfermero en la esquizofrenia

La salud mental no es un problema individual sino que se enmarca en el contexto psicosocial, que influye a la hora de la demanda de ayuda por parte de la persona mentalmente enferma, allegados y familiares. La enfermería en salud mental debe destacar y hacer conciencia social para que la mayor parte del tiempo y la mayor parte de pacientes lleguen a tener una vida normalizada, contando con tratamientos adecuados, apoyo familiar y social. La necesidad de generar conocimiento basados en el método científico se evidencia en la instauración del proceso de atención de enfermería, y en el desarrollo de modelos y teorías que sustentan este proceso

Vigor for in vitro culture traits in S. melongena x S. aethiopicum Hybrids with potential as Rootstocks for Eggplant

Hybrids of Solanum melongena and S. aethiopicum are of interest as rootstocks of eggplant, as they are highly vigorous and can incorporate resistance to several diseases. However, hybridization between both species is difficult. Therefore, protocols for in vitro culture are of great interest for their micropropagation and biotechnological breeding. We assessed the organogenesis response from leaf explants in four interspecific hybrids and in their parents testing two organogenic media: SIM-A, containing 6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin, and SIM-B, which contains thidiazuron. A higher regeneration capacity in the hybrids compared to their parents was observed. Whereas in interspecific hybrids and in one accession of S. melongena similar regeneration rates were observed for SIM-A and SIM-B, higher regeneration was found in the rest of genotypes when thidiazuron was used. Rooting ability in the interspecific hybrids was lower in in vitro micropropagated plants (35-60%) than in plants regenerated from explants (100%). The addition of indolbutiric acid (1 mg L-1) induced roots in nonrooted genotypes. In summary, we have adjusted in vitro culture conditions for regenerating and rooting S. melongena x S. aethiopicum hybrids. We have also demonstrated that these hybrids are heterotic for regeneration, which may be of interest for basic science studies.This work has been partially funded by Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Grant PAID05-10) and by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Grant AGL2012-34213). Authors thank Dr. John R. Stommel (ARS-USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA) for providing the seeds of the S. melongena M1 and M2 and S. aethiopicum A1 and A2 accessions and the interspecific hybrids used in this work.Calvo Asensio, I.; Prohens Tomás, J.; Gisbert Domenech, MC. (2014). 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Source of resistance against Ralstonia solanacearum in fertile somatic hybrids of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) with Solanum aethiopicum L. Plant Science, 160(2), 301-313. doi:10.1016/s0168-9452(00)00394-0Ano, G., Hebert, Y., Prior, P., & Messiaen, C. (1991). A new source of resistance to bacterial wilt of eggplants obtained from a cross: Solanum aethiopicum L × Solanum melongena L. Agronomie, 11(7), 555-560. doi:10.1051/agro:19910703Rizza, F., Mennella, G., Collonnier, C., Sihachakr, D., Kashyap, V., Rajam, M., … Rotino, G. (2002). Androgenic dihaploids from somatic hybrids between Solanum melongena and S. aethiopicum group gilo as a source of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. Plant Cell Reports, 20(11), 1022-1032. doi:10.1007/s00299-001-0429-5Toppino, L., Valè, G., & Rotino, G. L. (2008). Inheritance of Fusarium wilt resistance introgressed from Solanum aethiopicum Gilo and Aculeatum groups into cultivated eggplant (S. melongena) and development of associated PCR-based markers. Molecular Breeding, 22(2), 237-250. doi:10.1007/s11032-008-9170-xFukuhara, K., & Kubo, I. (1991). Isolation of steroidal glycoalkaloids from Solanum incanum by two countercurrent chromatographic methods. Phytochemistry, 30(2), 685-687. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(91)83753-8Sánchez-Mata, M.-C., Yokoyama, W. E., Hong, Y.-J., & Prohens, J. (2010). α-Solasonine and α-Solamargine Contents of Gboma (Solanum macrocarpon L.) and Scarlet (Solanum aethiopicum L.) Eggplants. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(9), 5502-5508. doi:10.1021/jf100709gOSHIRO, N., KUNIYOSHI, K., NAKAMURA, A., ARAKI, Y., TAMANAHA, K., & INAFUKU, Y. (2008). A Case of Food Poisoning Due to Ingestion of Eggplant, Solanum melongena, Grafted on Devil’s Trumpet, Datura metel. 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Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 40(2), 323. doi:10.15835/nbha4028199Geier, T., Eimert, K., Scherer, R., & Nickel, C. (2008). Production and rooting behaviour of rolB-transgenic plants of grape rootstock ‘Richter 110’ (Vitis berlandieri × V. rupestris). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 94(3), 269-280. doi:10.1007/s11240-008-9352-6Han, J.-S., Park, S., Shigaki, T., Hirschi, K. D., & Kim, C. K. (2009). Improved watermelon quality using bottle gourd rootstock expressing a Ca2+/H+ antiporter. Molecular Breeding, 24(3), 201-211. doi:10.1007/s11032-009-9284-9Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Feng, F., Liang, D., Cheng, L., Ma, F., & Shi, S. (2010). Overexpression of a Malus vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter gene (MdNHX1) in apple rootstock M.26 and its influence on salt tolerance. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 102(3), 337-345. doi:10.1007/s11240-010-9738-0Kamat, M. G., & Rao, P. S. (1978). 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High efficiency organogenesis and analysis of genetic stability of the regenerants in Solanum melongena. Biologia Plantarum, 54(2), 231-236. doi:10.1007/s10535-010-0041-zMATSUOKA, H., & HINATA, K. (1979). NAA-Induced Organogenesis and Embryogenesis in Hypocotyl Callus ofSolarium melongenaL. Journal of Experimental Botany, 30(3), 363-370. doi:10.1093/jxb/30.3.363Gleddie, S., Keller, W., & Setterfield, G. (1983). Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf explants and cell suspensions of Solanum melongena (eggplant). Canadian Journal of Botany, 61(3), 656-666. doi:10.1139/b83-074Prabhavathi, V. (2002). Molecular Breeding, 9(2), 137-147. doi:10.1023/a:1026765026493Arpaia, S., Mennella, G., Onofaro, V., Perri, E., Sunseri, F., & Rotino, G. L. (1997). Production of transgenic eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) resistant to Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say). Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 95(3), 329-334. doi:10.1007/s001220050567Pal, J. K., Singh, M., Rai, M., Satpathy, S., Singh, D. V., & Kumar, S. (2009). Development and bioassay ofCry1Ac-transgenic eggplant (Solanum melongenaL.) resistant to shoot and fruit borer. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 84(4), 434-438. doi:10.1080/14620316.2009.11512545Gisbert, C., Prohens, J., & Nuez, F. (2006). Efficient regeneration in two potential new crops for subtropical climates, the scarlet(Solanum aethiopicum)and gboma(S. macrocarpon)eggplants. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 34(1), 55-62. doi:10.1080/01140671.2006.9514388Murashige, T., & Skoog, F. (1962). A Revised Medium for Rapid Growth and Bio Assays with Tobacco Tissue Cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15(3), 473-497. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.xTrujillo-Moya, C., Gisbert, C., Vilanova, S., & Nuez, F. (2011). Localization of QTLs for in vitro plant regeneration in tomato. BMC Plant Biology, 11(1), 140. doi:10.1186/1471-2229-11-140Chitra, D. S. V., & Padmaja, G. (2005). 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Job rotation as a method for disabled workers integration

[ES] La Rotación de Puestos de Trabajo permite la variación de las tareas llevadas a cabo por los trabajadores y el tiempo empleado en cada una de ellas, facilitando la alternancia de los grupos musculares utilizados y la incorporación progresiva de trabajadores con problemas músculo-esqueléticos. Con la rotación es posible asignar a los trabajadores limitados a puestos compatibles con sus capacidades y restringir el tiempo que se exponen a factores de riesgo a los que son especialmente sensibles.Este trabajo presenta la aplicación del algoritmo DPI-ASEPEYO al diseño de agendas de RPT para prevenir los trastornos músculo-esqueléticos e integrar a trabajadores con limitaciones físicas, psíquicas o de comunicación en entornos de trabajo caracterizados por una elevada repetitividad de movimientos, como ocurre, por ejemplo, en las líneas de ensamblaje.[EN] Job rotation allows workers to vary their tasks and the time employed in each one of them, facilitating the change of the muscular groups used and the progressive incorporation of workers with musculoskeletal disorders. With the job rotation is possible to assign workers to workstations compatible with their limited capacities and to restrict the time that they are exposed to risk factors to which they are especially sensible. This paper presents the application of DPI-ASEPEYO algorithm, to the design of Job Rotation schedules to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and to integrate workers with physical, psychic or communication limitations in environs characterized by high repetitive movements as it happens, for example, in assembly lines.Agradecemos a la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia su apoyo a esta investigación a través de su Programa de Apoyo a la Investigación y Desarrollo 2009 y su financiación a través de los proyectos PAID-06-09/2902 y PAID-05-09/4215.Asensio Cuesta, S.; Diego-Mas, JA.; González-Cruz, MC. (2011). La rotación de puestos de trabajo como medio para la integración de trabajadores con discapacidad. DYNA: Ingeniería e Industria. 86(3):350-360. https://doi.org/10.6036/3863S35036086

Estreñimiento y toma de laxantes en el paciente anciano hospitalizado

Introducción: El estreñimiento tiene una gran prevalencia en la población anciana. Uno de los tratamientos más utilizados en este grupo son los laxantes, siendo en ocasiones innecesarios pudiendo presentar ciertas complicaciones. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio es conocer si los pacientes, que incluyen tratamiento con laxantes durante la hospitalización, pueden ser diagnosticados de estreñimiento a partir de los criterios Roma III. Metodología: Estudio piloto, observacional, descriptivo y transversal, realizado en pacientes ancianos hospitalizados a través de una encuesta diseñada para este estudio, donde se encuentran incluidos los criterios Roma III para valorar el estreñimiento de los pacientes. Resultados: Un 86,2% de los pacientes que toman laxantes sí pueden ser diagnosticados de estreñimiento según los criterios Roma III frente a un 13,8%. Un 51,6% de laxantes son prescritos por los profesionales sanitarios, donde en un 26,7% de los casos, los pacientes no pueden ser diagnosticados de estreñimiento. Conclusiones: Tras la realización del estudio podemos afirmar que la hipótesis planteada en el trabajo no se cumple, ya que mayoritariamente los laxantes se han prescrito de forma adecuada. Palabras clave: estreñimiento en ancianos, uso de laxantes en ancianos, abuso de laxantes en ancianos, anciano hospitalizado