Generation of Al Nanoparticles via Laser Ablation in Deionized Water with Structural and Morphological Study

In this work, Al nanoparticles were generated using Pulsed Nd : YAG laser (1064 nm) ablation in water confined plasma. Productions were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Laser ablation of the Al target in deionized water leads to fabrication core-shell type structure due to partial oxidation in the water medium. The Nano sized core-shells are spherical in shape and have mean size ~ 16 nm. NPs were in the crystalline form as bulk Al. Obviously, the chemical composition of the Nano sized core-shells surface must be Al2O3 because of water medium

The effect of pregnant women attending in delivery preparation classes on their attitudes mode of delivery

Background and aims: One of the reasons for the increase of Caesarean section is women’s tend to choose this type of delivery. This tendency is due to unawareness and negative attitude of them toward normal vaginal delivery. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of attending women in childbirth preparation classes during pregnancy on their attitude toward mode of delivery. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 59 women in case and 58 in control groups were enrolled in health centers in Isfahan. Women were randomly divided into two groups and the case group participated in 8 sessions of 90-minute classes and the control group just received routine care. Data were gathered by a researcher- made questionnaire in the beginning of the study, after classes and two weeks after delivery in the two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and ANOVA with repeated measures and independent t-test. Results: In case group there was a significant difference in the scores of women attitude before and after the intervention also between the scores before of the intervention and post-delivery (P<0.001). No significant difference was found in scores of attitude between post-delivery and after the intervention (P=0.393).The scores of attitude were significantly more in the case group after the intervention and post-delivery (P<0.001). Conclusion: Due to the positive effect of childbirth preparation classes on women's attitude toward normal vaginal delivery, it is proposed to create conditions in which all women and their companions have an easy access to these classes

Gap between the expectations and perceptions of students regarding the educational services offered in a school of nursing and midwifery

Introduction: Awareness of students’ opinions about the various aspects of training provided is an essential factor to evaluate the quality of education. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the gap between the students’ expectations and perceptions from the educational services provided to them in the School of Nursing and Midwifery in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 320 students were selected by stratified random sampling method and data were collected by SERVQUAL questionnaire to examine the areas of assurance, responsiveness, empathy, tangibles and confidence. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean±SD) and analytical (paired t-test, independent t-test and One-Way ANOVA) statistics in SPSS 20. Results: The mean scores of the students’ expectations and perceptions of the educational services delivered to them were 4.34±0.63 and 3.56±0.68, respectively, with a significant, negative gap (–0.77±0.77, p<0.001). The lowest gap of quality was derived for assurance (-0.65) followed by reliability (-0.69), accountability (-0.74), and empathy (-0.81), and the greatest gap observed in tangibles (-0.96). Conclusion: A negative gap was observed between the students’ expectations and perceptions of the quality of educational services delivered to them. This means that the quality of services delivered to students was less than what they expected. The highest gap was related to the tangibles. In order to improve the educational services, paying attention to different areas of quality of educational services, especially, the tangibles, is necessar

Comparing the effects of massage and intra intramuscular pethidine on pain relief in the stages of labor and the length of labor

Introduction: Systemic opioids and massage therapy are widely used for pain relief during labor. The aim of this study was to compare between massage and intramuscular pethidine (meperidine) for pain relief in the stages of labor and the length of labor. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 120 pregnant women referred to valiasr hospital in Broojen, Iran in 2012. Subjects were randomly allocated into three groups of massage, intramuscular pethidine and standard care. Data were collected using interview forms, observation and examination. Pain intensity was measured using visual analogue scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and descriptive statistics, paired t-test, chi-square, ANOVA, Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficient tests. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Pain intensity showed significant differences between the three groups, 30 minutes after the intervention and pain intensity was lower in the massage group than other groups (p=0.001). Intensity of uterine contractions showed significant differences between the three groups and it was lower in massage group than other groups (p<0.0001). There was no significant differences in duration of the first (p=0.086) and the second stages (p=0.295) of labor in all groups. Conclusion: Massage and intramuscular pethidine reduced pain during labor, but massage therapy provided more persistent pain relief and without any side effects. Massage therapy is a safe, effective and inexpensive intervention and it can be used for pain relief during labor

New readings in seven Middle Persian documents from the archive of Hastijan with an edition of Berk. 19

This article proposes new readings and interpretations for parts of seven Middle Persian documents first published by Philippe Gignoux and Dieter Weber, namely: Berk. 80, Berk. 95, Berk. 43B, Tehran B, LA1, Berk. 149, and Berlin 28. It also provides the editio princeps of Berk. 19

Analysis of the role of leadership style in absenteeism in educational institutions : University of Mazandaran

The discipline of organizational behavior rigorously investigates the intricacies of human conduct within organizational contexts, highlighting the multifaceted interactions between employees and organizations, while incorporating variables such as motivational influences and degrees of job satisfaction. Educational institutions operate as entities governed by explicitly defined objectives. The domain of organizational behavior employs a varied array of both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies to derive meaningful insights from managerial personnel and pertinent stakeholders. Factors such as leadership styles, corporate ethical standards, and organizational climate play a crucial role in shaping behavioral traits. This thesis sought to analyse the ramifications of organizational behavior on personnel within academic settings, intending to assess the efficacy of administrative conduct in a scientific framework. An extensive literature review is imperative to elucidate the impact of leadership style on employee absenteeism and turnover within educational institutions. A meticulous evaluation of the efficacy of diverse leadership styles among university staff is essential, particularly with an emphasis on discerning the most effective methodologies. The theoretical framework encompasses the articulation of research objectives, core concepts, and theoretical underpinnings. This study utilized a quantitative research method to collect data through 100 Likert scale questionnaires. The research focused on exploring the impact of leadership style on absenteeism and turnover in educational institutions. Through the application of SPSS software to analyse the responses from the questionnaires and the subsequent evaluation of the associated data, it was determined that, given the pronounced dissatisfaction among employees with the prevailing leadership and management style, such dissatisfaction exerted minimal influence on absenteeism and leave services employees. The recommendations proposed in this investigation addressed the challenges encountered in the domain of organizational behavior within universities, such as employee absenteeism, through the implementation of innovative strategies, protocols, or evaluative frameworks

The Role of Chest CT Scan in Diagnosis of COVID-19

As the number of patients infected by COVID-19 increases worldwide, and in the absence of appropriate therapeutic drugs or vaccines, it is essential to detect patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at its early stages, in order to isolate the patients from healthy population. Computed tomography (CT) scan seems to be promising in detection of COVID-19 as shown in some studies

A Generic Assessment of Persian Translations of English Fairy Tales and Fairy Tales Written in Persian: From a Cultural Perspective

It is a commonly held belief that fairy tales as a major literary genre play a pivotal role in children's literature. Accordingly, the present study sought to investigate how the generic skeleton of fairy tales influences the quality of their translations into Persian for the children between 6 and 12 years old. To achieve this purpose, from among the English fairy tales translated into Persian, 15 works were selected based on a purposive sampling method. The contrastive analysis of the targeted texts written in both English and Persian revealed insightful facts about the interconnection between translators’ consideration of SL text generic sensitivities and the quality of translation. The findings revealed that there were no significant differences between English fairy tales and their corresponding Persian translations, in general. However, the results reflected particular cultural variations existing between SL and TL texts- that is, English fairy tales and fairy tales written in Persian. Notably, the results of the study may have important implications for both translation students and translation trainers

An Investigation of EFL Learners’ Mental Processes in L2 Writing: The Case of Iranian EFL Learners

Normal human communication manifests itself mostly either in written or spoken form. Examination of speech and writing processes enables psycholinguists to peek into the way people plan their language production. This article aimed to examine how EFL learners plan their writing activities. To this end, two groups of High proficiency (HPG) and Low proficiency (LPG) of 16 EFL students were asked to write an argumentative essay on the given topic. Based on the data obtained from their think-aloud protocols, retrospective interviews, and the comparisons of the two groups’ performance, it was found that both groups approached the writing task in a linear progression of three stages of Formulation, Execution, and Monitoring. However, there were differences in the ways the two groups planned their writing productions