Suzaku observation of the giant radio galaxy 3C 326

A Suzaku observation of a giant radio galaxy, 3C 326, which has a physical size of about 2 Mpc, was conducted on 2008 January 19 -- 21. In addition to several X-ray sources, diffuse emission was significantly detected associated with its west lobe, but the east lobe was contaminated by an unidentified X-ray source WARP J1552.4+2007. After careful evaluation of the X-ray and Non X-ray background, the 0.4 -- 7 keV X-ray spectrum of the west lobe is described by a power-law model. The photon index and 1 keV flux density was derived as $1.82_{-0.24}^{+0.26}\pm0.04$ and $19.4_{-3.2}^{+3.3}\pm 3.0$ nJy, respectively, where the first and second errors represent the statistical and systematic ones. The diffuse X-rays were attributed to be inverse Compton radiation by the synchrotron radio electrons scattering off the cosmic microwave background photons. This radio galaxy is the largest among those with lobes detected through inverse Compton X-ray emission. A comparison of the radio to X-ray fluxes yields the energy densities of electron and magnetic field as $u_e = (2.3 \pm 0.3 \pm 0.3) \times 10^{-13}$ ergs/cm3 and $u_m = (1.2_{-0.1}^{+0.2}\pm 0.2) \times 10^{-14}$ ergs/cm3, respectively. The galaxy is suggested to host a low luminosity nucleus with an absorption-corrected 2 -- 10 keV luminosity of $<2 \times 10^{42}$ ergs/s, together with a relatively weak radio core. The energetics in the west lobe of 3C 326 were compared with those of moderate radio galaxies with a size of $\sim 100$ kpc. The west lobe of 3C 326 is confirmed to agree with the correlations for the moderate radio galaxies, $u_e \propto D^{-2.2\pm0.4}$ and $u_m \propto D^{-2.4\pm0.4}$, where $D$ is their total physical size. This implies that the lobes of 3C 326 are still being energized by the jet, despite the current weakness of the nucleus.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables, Accepted for ApJ (v706 issue

Histological and Nuclear Medical Comparison of Inflammation After Hemostasis with Non-Thermal Plasma and Thermal Coagulation

The objective of this study is to examine the invasiveness of hemostasis by non-thermal plasma (NTP) compared with hemostasis by thermal coagulation (TC). The inflammation recovery process after hemostasis by TC and NTP was compared by using histological methods and nuclear medical molecular imaging. The necrotic areas in the NTP group disappeared after 5 days, whereas they remained 15 days after hemostasis in the TC group. The accumulation of 2-deoxy-2-[F-18] fluoro-D-glucopyranose (F-18-FDG), which reflects the existence of inflammatory cells, was higher in the TC group than in the NTP group on day 15. Thus, this study indicates that hemostasis by NTP is less inflammatory than TC. This report is the first to evaluate inflammation that occurred after hemostasis with medical devices noninvasively

〔研究ノート〕 グリーンナッツオイルの摂取は マウスのDHAおよびEPAを増加させるか

In general, it has been recognized that n-3 fatty acids have the effect of suppressing inflammation and deterioration of cognitive ability. In addition, it is reported that a-linolenic acid is partially converted into DHA and EPA in the human body. On the other hand, like linseed oil and perilla oil, green nut oil （GNO） is rich in a-linolenic acid, one of the n-3 fatty acids, but not enough research on green nut oil has been done yet.Therefore, using mice, we investigated the effects of green nut oil intake on fatty acid composition in the liver, erythrocyte membrane, and brain. The result suggested that a-linolenic acid in green nut oil increases DHA and EPA in the bodies of mice. While mice that ingested corn oil （as a contrast） showed a slight decrease in brain DHA in 20-week-old mice as compared with 8-week-old mice, mice that ingested green nut oil showed no significant difference between 8 and 20-week-olds

島根県江津市に暮らす中高年者の死生観と終末期療養ニーズに関する意識調査

日本では全国的に、高齢社会の進展、家族機能・地域共同体の衰退等に対応して、終末期療養に関する市民の関心が高まっている。本調査では、全国的にも少子高齢化が進む島根県の江津市に暮らす市民の死生観と終末期療養ニーズの実態について調査を行った。その結果、江津市の中高年者の理想とする死にとって重要なことは「周囲に迷惑をかけない」「苦痛が少ない」「闘病生活が短い」こと、女性は男性に比べて、終末期療養場所を「自宅以外」に求め、家族に依存しない医療に期待していることがわかった。周囲に迷惑をかけずに、最期まで生活の質を大事にしたいというニーズに対応した終末期ケアについて検討が必要である

Report of visiting the birthing centre in establishing period in UK

イギリスでは1990年代から周産期ケアを見直す動きが起こり、Midwifery led care(助産師主導型ケア)が推進されて各地でバーシング・センターが設立されてきた。今回開設後半年という草創期にあるバーシング・センターを視察し、組織体制、助産師業務、人材育成方法などについて調査を行った。日本の院内助産システムに示唆を得られたことは、正常産と異常産を完全に分ける分業化であることと、助産師の正常産のケア力の高さが重要になってくる、ということである

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 requiring oxygen therapy, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death in Japan: A multicenter case-control study (MOTIVATE study).

INTRODUCTION: Since the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant became dominant, assessing COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against severe disease using hospitalization as an outcome became more challenging due to incidental infections via admission screening and variable admission criteria, resulting in a wide range of estimates. To address this, the World Health Organization (WHO) guidance recommends the use of outcomes that are more specific to severe pneumonia such as oxygen use and mechanical ventilation. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted in 24 hospitals in Japan for the Delta-dominant period (August-November 2021; "Delta") and early Omicron (BA.1/BA.2)-dominant period (January-June 2022; "Omicron"). Detailed chart review/interviews were conducted in January-May 2023. VE was measured using various outcomes including disease requiring oxygen therapy, disease requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), death, outcome restricting to "true" severe COVID-19 (where oxygen requirement is due to COVID-19 rather than another condition(s)), and progression from oxygen use to IMV or death among COVID-19 patients. RESULTS: The analysis included 2125 individuals with respiratory failure (1608 cases [75.7%]; 99.2% of vaccinees received mRNA vaccines). During Delta, 2 doses provided high protection for up to 6 months (oxygen requirement: 95.2% [95% CI:88.7-98.0%] [restricted to "true" severe COVID-19: 95.5% {89.3-98.1%}]; IMV: 99.6% [97.3-99.9%]; fatal: 98.6% [92.3-99.7%]). During Omicron, 3 doses provided high protection for up to 6 months (oxygen requirement: 85.5% [68.8-93.3%] ["true" severe COVID-19: 88.1% {73.6-94.7%}]; IMV: 97.9% [85.9-99.7%]; fatal: 99.6% [95.2-99.97]). There was a trend towards higher VE for more severe and specific outcomes. CONCLUSION: Multiple outcomes pointed towards high protection of 2 doses during Delta and 3 doses during Omicron. These results demonstrate the importance of using severe and specific outcomes to accurately measure VE against severe COVID-19, as recommended in WHO guidance in settings of intense transmission as seen during Omicron

カンガクレンケイ ニヨル ジセダイ イクセイシエン ニ カンスル キョウドウ ケンキュウ ニ トリクンデ : カタノシ ジセダイ イクセイ シエン コウキ コウドウ ケイカク サクテイ カテイ ニ オイテ

次世代育成支援対策推進法に基づく、次世代育成支援後期行動計画の作成過程において、官学連携による次世代育成支援に関する共同研究を行った。その活動内容および官学連携に関する一考察について報告する

Pilot study of pre-maxilla replacement and bone graft in a patient with lip and palate clefts: transforaminal relationship between upper canines and bone graft

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess patients subjected to replacement surgery of the pre maxilla with bone graft, having as donor area the iliac crest and chin, and the relation with upper canines erupted in grafted areas. Materials and Methods: 54 records were evaluated from cleft patients that were under treatment at CAIF - Center of Attention to Clefts in Curitiba, PR, Brazil, both sexes, with unilateral and bilateral lip and palate clefts. Patients younger than fourteen years old, both sexes, that lost the surgical segment or did not continue the treatment at same welcoming institution, were excluded.  The surgical segment average was 5.72 years. Results: Using both descriptive and chi-square statistics, we observed a statistically significant distinction regarding the eruption of upper canines in the region of secondary bone grafts when using iliac crest and chin grafts, which 62.8% of the sample that was treated with chin grafts happened to have an eruption of upper canines, and 37.2% were successful with iliac crest grafts (value-p 0.028). Conclusions: It is necessary to carry out a study with a larger sample size and where the samples are paired in order to confirm the superiority the iliac crest donor area as the gold standard for this surgical procedure