A message in a bottle: extrapharmacological effects of alcohol on aggression

"The physiological and expectancy effects of alcohol consumption on the aggressive behavior of 116 general-population males aged 18–45 years were analyzed separately in a naturalistic field experiment using a 3 × 3 Balanced Placebo Design (BPD). Participants were given a non-alcoholic drink, a drink targeting a Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) of .05%, or a drink targeting a BAC of .1%. Within these three groups, three expectancy levels were induced regarding the quantity of alcohol ingested. Aggressive behavior was measured as retaliation against an aggressive confederate, in the form of amounts of hot sauce and salt administered in a taste test. Expectancies significantly increased aggressive behavior, whereas actual quantity of alcohol ingested was unrelated to aggression. Aggressive dispositions also predicted aggressive behavior." [author's abstract

Relationship between humoral response against hepatitis C virus and disease overcome

International audienceConclusionHumoral response against hepatitis C virus linear epitopes is partly modified according to the disease state. This study highlights the importance of considering relative quantities of antibodies with different specificities rather than the amount of each antibody.Hepatitis C virus infection leads to liver disease whose severity can range from mild to serious lifelong illness. However the parameters involved in the evolution of the disease are still unknown. Among other factors, the virus-elicited antibody profile is suspected to play a role in the outcome of the disease. Analysis of the relationship between anti-virus antibodies and disease state requires the analysis of a large number of serums from patients (hepatitis C virus+) and of epitopes from the viral proteins. Such a study would benefit from microarray-based screening systems that are appropriate for high-throughput assays.We used a method combining peptide chips and surface plasmon resonance imaging previously shown to be suitable for analyzing complex mediums and detecting peptide-protein interactions. 56 peptides covering the entire viral proteome were grafted on chips and their interaction with antibodies present in the 68 injected serums from infected and non-infected donors was measured. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine a possible relationship between antibodies (specificity and amount) and disease states.A good discrimination between infected and non-infected donors validated our approach, and several correlations between antibodies profiles and clinical parameters have been identified. In particular, we demonstrated that ratios between particular antibodies levels allow for accurate discrimination of patients according to their pathologic states

Alcohol y problemas relacionados con el alcohol en Francia

Objetivos: Este artículo describe las pautas de consumo de alcohol, dependencia y mortalidad relacionada con el consumo de alcohol en Francia. Se analiza la evolución del consumo de alcohol en Francia y en los países europeos, así como las diferencias entre sexos en relación con el consumo, dependencia y mortalidad relacionada con el consumo de alcohol. Material y métodos: La Missión interministérielle de lutte contre la drogue et la toxicomanie (Mildt), la Caisse nationale d' assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés (Cnamts) y el Institut national de prévention et d' éducation pour la santé (Inpes[ex CFES], Comité français d' éducation pour la santé), los cuales son los agentes clave en el desarrollo de las políticas públicas dirigidas a la prevención y tratamiento de los problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol, han solicitado información al INSERM a través de la consulta colectiva mediante expertos. Este grupo de expertos ha facilitado información científica validada acerca de las pautas de consumo de alcohol, los cambios a lo largo del tiempo, las consecuencias sociales asociadas al consumo excesivo de alcohol, los factores de riesgo de abuso y dependencia, y problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol. Conclusiones: Aunque practicamente toda la población de Francia consume algo de alcohol, las pautas de su consumo difieren marcadamente entre los jóvenes, los cuales consumen cerveza y licores durante los fines de semana, y la población mayor de 65 años, que consumen preferentemente vino y lo hacen todos los días. Estas pautas de consumo de alcohol difieren entre sexos, tanto en los jóvenes como entre los adultos. Por ello, es importante considerar todos estos diversos factores a la hora de diseñar las estrategias preventivas adecuadas

Validation clinique d'un questionnaire d'abus-dépendance au cannabis : Le Cast

International audienceno abstrac

LE RISQUE INFECTIEUX DU NOURRISSON DE MOINS DE TROIS MOIS (ETUDE RETROSPECTIVE DE 100 CAS PRIS EN CHARGE DANS LE DEPARTEMENT DE PEDIATRIE DE L'HOPITAL EDOUARD HERRIOT PENDANT L'ANNEE 1998)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Le cannabis dans les armées : entre passé et actualité

International audienceLe cannabis dans les armées est une réalité que nous avons choisi d'inscrire ici dans une temporalité ; le passé tout d'abord, depuis le concept d'hygiène mentale à l'histoire du cannabis et de sa diffusion dans la population française comme préalable à une tentative de compréhension de l'intérêt actuel pour le cannabis dans les armées. Son actualité s'est déclinée en celle du contexte épidémiologique de son usage en milieu militaire pour lequel nous avons rappelé les principales études dont le cannabis a pu faire l'objet. Cette actualité fut également celle d'une recherche clinique visant à évaluer en population militaire un outil de repérage des consommations problématiques de cannabis, le questionnaire CAST

A message in a bottle: Extrapharmacological effects of alcohol on aggression

International audienc