Caries associated with orthodontic care part 2: management

It is recognized that wearing an orthodontic appliance increases the caries risk of the individual. The prevalence of demineralization has been reported to be as high as 73%. When demineralization occurs a number of treatments exist: fluoride application, acid microabrasion, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CCP-ACP), resin infiltration and self-assembling peptides. Of these, topical fluoride has the most evidence to support its use. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Demineralization is the most common complication of orthodontic care. The clinician should understand how to manage this when it occurs

Ecological niche modeling for the prediction of cutaneous leishmaniasis epidemiology in current and projected future in Adana, Turkey

PubMedID: 31397388Background & objectives: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is widespread in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world including, Tukey. Environmental determinants for the CL endemic areas in Turkey are relatively poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to develop a model based on ecological niche modeling (ENM) to predict the distribution of CL in endemic areas of Adana Province in Turkey. Methods: The environmental data from different sources were extracted and information on 1831 native CL cases, obtained from the Provincial Health Directorate of Adana were recorded. The location information obtained from the Ministry of Health database were used for modeling the current probability of CL occurrence and predicting its future distribution using ENM analyses. ArcGIS and MaxEnt models were used to explore the ecological conditions of the disease. Results: According to the MaxEnt model, the area under the curve (AUC) values for the current and projected future of CL were 0.868 and 0.867, respectively. The environmental variables, Bio1 (Annual mean temperature), Bio4 (Temperature seasonality) and DEM (Digital elevation model) were found to be associated with the presence of human cases of Leishmania infantum for both the time periods in the study area. Interpretation & conclusion: The AUC curves and risk map generated by the ENM model indicate that the future status of CL is likely to be stable in the northern part of Adana, but the southern part will be affected by climate changes (change of temperature) with a large number of patient-reporting. The results of the study could be used as a reference for CL and vector control studies. The ENM could be useful for researchers in vector control studies and better understanding of the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases in a specific area. © 2019 Journal of Vector Borne Diseases. All rights reserved

A study of nuclear structure properties of even and odd 103?140Sb, 105?143Te, 107?145I, 109?148Xe and 112?151Cs nuclei in the axial deformation

We investigated ground-state nuclear structure properties of even and odd 103-140Sb, 105-143Te, 107-145I, 109-148Xe and 112-151Cs nuclei via the axially deformed solution of Skyrme Hartree-Fock Bogoliubov (HFB) based on the transformed harmonic oscillator (THO) and the harmonic oscillator. In the calculations, different Skyrme force parameters were used to obtain wide nuclear data of the nuclei. The calculated results were compared with the results of the experimental data and theoretical models, i.e., the finite-range liquid-drop model (FRDM) and relativistic mean-field theory (RMFT). Additionally, the deformation regions of neutron rich Sb, Te, I, Xe and Cs nuclei have also been discussed. Moreover, in addition to the binding energy per particle, charge, proton and neutron density radii, one-neutron (SN), and two-neutron separation energies (S2N), the quadropule deformation parameter (ß2), the neutron skin thicknesses (NST), the quadrupole moments (Q) and the pairing gap energies of the nuclei were determined by HFBTHO 2.00 code. © 2018 World Scientific Publishing Company

Investigation of the production of promethium-147 via particle accelerator

In the present paper, we mainly aim to extend nuclear data of production of radionuclide promethium-147 used in nuclear battery technology due to its weak experimental measurement and theoretical calculation. Therefore, the cross-section for charged particle induced reactions on Nd target is calculated, and moreover, the reaction processes are simulated by particle accelerator with the energy range E particle= 50 › 5 MeV and in the particle beam current of 20 mA to figure out yield, activity of reaction and integral yield. For a proper understanding of investigation, the obtained results are also discussed to determine the most suitable reaction and target material for the production of radionuclide promethium-147 via particle accelerator on the basis of process. © 2017, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science

Investigation of production of samarium-151 and europium-152,154,155 via particle accelerator

This work aimed to investigate the production of 151Sm and 152,154,155Eu on natural Nd and Sm targets via particle accelerator because these radionuclides have the potential for use in nuclear battery technology such as betavoltaic batteries and radioisotope thermoelectric generators. Therefore, this work estimated cross-section curves for proton, deuteron, triton, helium-3, and alpha particles induced reactions in the energy range Eparticle = 100 › 1MeV. The activities and products of yield were simulated for all reaction processes under selected conditions, the particle beam current of 1 mA and the irradiation time of 24 h. Moreover, to understand the formations of 151Sm and 152,154,155Eu in the reaction processes, the appropriate energy region of the reactions by calculating the integral yield curves were determined. Based on the obtained results, determination of suitable targets, energy regions, and reaction processes were discussed by this work. © 2019 World Scientific Publishing Company

Calculation of productions of medical 201Pb, 198Au, 186Re, 111Ag, 103Pd, 90Y, 89Sr, 77Kr, 77As, 67Cu, 64Cu, 47Sc and 32P nuclei used in cancer therapy via phenomenological and microscopic level density models

In the present study, we have widely investigated the production of nuclei used in cancer therapy for both phenomenological and microscopic level density models via TALYS and EMPIRE codes. To estimate the production of the radioisotope, we calculated the cross-section curves of the reaction and the integral yield curves for nine level density models using the cross-sections and the mass-stopping powers acquired from X-PMSP program in the particle beam current of 1 µA and irradiation time 1 h. To discuss the obtained results on the basis of the cross-sections and the integral yields curves, the results were compared with the experimental data and the recommended data in the literature. © 2018 Elsevier Lt