Asymptotic normalization coefficients for mirror virtual nucleon decays in a microscopic cluster model

It has been suggested recently (Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 232501 (2003)) that charge symmetry of nucleon-nucleon interactions relates the Asymptotic Normalization Coefficients (ANCs) of proton and neutron virtual decays of mirror nuclei. This relation is given by a simple analytical formula which involves proton and neutron separation energies, charges of residual nuclei and the range of their strong interaction with the last nucleon. Relation between mirror ANCs, if understood properly, can be used to predict astrophysically relevant direct proton capture cross sections using neutron ANCs measured with stable beams. In this work, we calculate one-nucleon ANCs for several light mirror pairs, using microscopic two-, three- and four-cluster models, and compare the ratio of mirror ANCs to the predictions of the simple analytic formula. We also investigate mirror symmetry between other characteristics of mirror one-nucleon overlap integrals, namely, spectroscopic factors and single-particle ANCs.Comment: 12 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Explicit Evidence Systems with Common Knowledge

Justification logics are epistemic logics that explicitly include justifications for the agents' knowledge. We develop a multi-agent justification logic with evidence terms for individual agents as well as for common knowledge. We define a Kripke-style semantics that is similar to Fitting's semantics for the Logic of Proofs LP. We show the soundness, completeness, and finite model property of our multi-agent justification logic with respect to this Kripke-style semantics. We demonstrate that our logic is a conservative extension of Yavorskaya's minimal bimodal explicit evidence logic, which is a two-agent version of LP. We discuss the relationship of our logic to the multi-agent modal logic S4 with common knowledge. Finally, we give a brief analysis of the coordinated attack problem in the newly developed language of our logic

The role of chromosome-nuclear envelope attachments in 3D genome organization

Chromosomes are intricately folded and packaged in the cell nucleus and interact with the nuclear envelope. This complex nuclear architecture has a profound effect on how the genome works and how the cells function. The main goal of review is to highlight recent studies on the effect of chromosome–nuclear envelope interactions on chromatin folding and function in the nucleus. The data obtained suggest that chromosome–nuclear envelope attachments are important for the organization of nuclear architecture in various organisms. A combination of experimental cell biology methods with computational modeling offers a unique opportunity to explore the fundamental relationships between different aspects of 3D genome organization in greater details. This powerful interdisciplinary approach could reveal how the organization and function of the genome in the nuclear space is affected by the chromosome–nuclear envelope attachments and will enable the development of novel approaches to regulate gene expression

Налогообложение доходов физических лиц в контексте проблем социальной справедливости

The subject. The leading position of the personal income tax in most countries is due to a number of circumstances. First, it is a personal tax, the object of which is the income actually received by the payer, and not the estimated average income that could be received in specific economic conditions. Second, income tax allows to maximize the implementation of the basic principles of taxation - universality and uniformity. In recent decades, national regimes of personal income taxation regimes have been actively developed both in foreign countries and in Russia.Purpose of the study. The article shows the results of analysis of the framework of personal income taxation in the Russian Federation in the context of the principle of the social fairness. Dealing with selected provisions of the national legislation of European countries and Russia the article shows that elements of progressive taxation can be applied only in particular aspects. The proposals of taxation of rich taxpayers are also brought into light. Methodology. The research was carried out with the application of the formally legal interpretation of legal acts as well as the comparative analysis of Russian and European legal literature. Structural and systemic methods are also the basis of the research,The main results. After studying the European experience of personal income taxation the authors come to the conclusion that some of the ideas described can be transferred to the Russian tax legislation, but this should be done with caution. It is not necessary to introduce a progressive tax system in its pure form in the Russian Federation, but it is worth considering options for switching to a dualistic system. The authors believe that the elements of borrowing foreign experience should be aimed rather at a fair distribution of benefits, for example, through rules that fix tax benefits.Conclusions. The following proposals can be formulated to improve the legal regulation of personal income taxation in the Russian Federation: the distinction between taxation of taxpayers with ultra-high incomes and those with minimal incomes should be based not on the income criterion, but on the expenditure criterion; to establish a non-taxable minimum in the amount of the minimum wage, which will ensure tax fairness for taxpayers with lower-average incomes; to review the criteria of taxation of luxury vehicles, raising the border separating the mass and premium segments of the Russian car market by at least two times - up to 6 million rubles. The best solution would be to abolish the vehicle tax and impose an increased excise tax on fuel and lubricants for personal transport.Рассматривается правовое регулирование налогообложения доходов физических лиц в Российской Федерации в контексте проблем социальной справедливости. На основании сравнительного анализа опыта стран ЕС и ОЭСР делается вывод о том, что элементы заимствования зарубежного опыта должны быть нацелены скорее на справедливое распределение благ, например с помощью норм, закрепляющих налоговые льготы. Ставки налога должны быть максимально эффективными, обеспечивать принципы определенности и справедливости налогообложения. Кроме того, результаты сравнительного анализа опыта государств - членов ЕС показывают неэффективность прогрессивной шкалы подоходного налогообложения как инструмента борьбы с социальным неравенством. По итогам исследования сделан вывод о том, что за основу разграничения налогообложения налогоплательщиков со сверхвысокими доходами и с минимальными доходами необходимо взять не критерий дохода, а критерий расходов

TR-2014003: On the Complexity of Two-Agent Justification Logic

We investigate the complexity of derivability for two-agent Justification Logic. For this purpose we revisit Yavorskaya’s two-agent LP with interactions (2008), we simplify the syntax and provide natural extensions. We consider two-agent versions of other justification logics as well as ways to combine two justification logics. For most of these cases we prove that the upper complexity bound established for the single-agent cases are maintained: these logics ’ derivability problem is in the second step of the polynomial hierarchy. For certain logics, though, we discover a complex-ity jump to PSPACE-completeness, which is a new phenomenon for Justification Logic