Study the effect of metal ion on wool fabric dyeing with tea as natural dye

AbstractAqueous extract of natural dye, tea was dyed on the wool fabric with dark brown for 2% and 5% shade. The tea containing tannins as the main colorant species to produce different shade with different mordant salts. The mordant salts Alum, CuSO4, FeSO4, ZnSO4, Na2SO4, and MgSO4 were used to dye fabric using three different dyeing methods: pre-mordanting, meta-mordanting and post-mordanting. The color of the fabric was investigated on Data Color matching system in terms of K/S and CIE Lab-color difference values. The post-mordanting method gave the great depth of shade of natural dye tea with 2% and 5% shade, it also give good light fastness and wash fastness properties. Copper was found as a good mordant to achieve the best results with transition metal ions effect. Deep shades (K/S=17.50) were obtained for original sample of 5% with color difference ΔE value is 0.17, as compare to 2% original sample of tea of light brown shades (K/S=10.50) with color difference ΔE value is 0.50 under maintained temperature at 85°C for 35min of dyeing

Coating of TPU-PDMS-TMS on Polycotton Fabrics for Versatile Protection

This research aims to develop a non-fluorine based and durable coating technology that brings excellent hydrophobic, oleophobic and aqueous liquid repellent properties to polycotton fabrics (blend ratio 80/20 for cotton/polyester) while maintaining comfort to an acceptable level. A crosslinked network from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and trimethylated silica (TMS) has been formed on the surface of polycotton fabrics by the conventional padding-knife coating-padding-curing technique. A series of characterizations have been conducted to understand the chemical components, morphology, versatile protection and comfort of the coated fabrics. The TPU-PDMS-TMS (TPT) coated fabrics showed a high hydrophobic surface with a high water contact angle of 142°, and the coating was durable against different cycles of laundering and crocking. The coated fabrics also showed excellent repellency against oils, liquids and chemicals for a long period of time. The coating has affected the air permeability and water vapor permeability together with the moisture management property of the polycotton fabrics, and the thermal resistance of the polycotton fabric has been enhanced at the same time. The coating technology developed can be further applied in protective clothing and functional textiles in different areas including military, mining and outdoor protection gear

Comparison between Pigment Printing Systems with Acrylate and Butadiene Based Binders

"A lo largo de la historia de la ciencia y la filosofía podemos constatar que la relación entre doctrinas epistemológicas y métodos de investigación dependen de la manera en cómo se ha respondido al problema de la certeza, pero no sólo a la certeza, sino también al problema acerca de la relación entre el sujeto y el objeto a estudiar. En función de lo anterior, se han establecido los objetivos que definen el tipo de investigación y el lenguaje utilizado. Sin embargo, el proceso que pudiera conducirnos a la adquisición de un tipo de conocimiento susceptible de ser calificado como cierto es muy complejo, y por ello, no se puede reducir a análisis de método. Precisamente el segundo Wittgenstein junto con otros pensadores como Thomas Kuhn, Quine, Feyerabend, Otto Neurath, etc.; entendieron que dichos problemas son muy complejos como para intentar comprenderlos sólo a partir de una perspectiva que centre su atención en el análisis de los métodos. Especialmente en las Investigaciones Filosóficas es cuando se encuentran las observaciones más precisas de Wittgenstein al respecto. A partir del nuevo modo de pensar de las Investigaciones Filosóficas se desprenden tres obras: Zettel, Observaciones acerca de los colores y Sobre la certeza.