Enseñar gramática en el aula de ELE, didáctica de la gramática y gramática pedagógica

This article critically reviews the contributions gathered in Enseñar gramática en el aula de ELE (2018), a collection of essays which provide teachers with an up-to-date view on research and teaching proposals. Despite the differences in terms of theoretical approaches, perspectives and objectives, all the authors agree on placing meaning at the very core of teaching and on building bridges between research and classroom teaching practice.This article critically reviews the contributions gathered in Enseñar gramática en el aula de ELE (2018), a collection of essays which provide teachers with an up-to-date view on research and teaching proposals. Despite the differences in terms of theoretical approaches, perspectives and objectives, all the authors agree on placing meaning at the very core of teaching and on building bridges between research and classroom teaching practice

Assessing the viability of a synthetic bacterial consortium on the in vitro gut host-microbe interface

The interplay between host and microbiota has been long recognized and extensively described. The mouth is similar to other sections of the gastrointestinal tract, as resident microbiota occurs and prevents colonisation by exogenous bacteria. Indeed, more than 600 species of bacteria are found in the oral cavity, and a single individual may carry around 100 different at any time. Oral bacteria possess the ability to adhere to the various niches in the oral ecosystem, thus becoming integrated within the resident microbial communities, and favouring growth and survival. However, the flow of bacteria into the gut during swallowing has been proposed to disturb the balance of the gut microbiota. In fact, oral administration of P. gingivalis shifted bacterial composition in the ilea! microflora. We used a synthetic community as a simplified representation of the natural oral ecosystem, to elucidate the survival and viability of oral bacteria subjected to simulated gastrointestinal transit conditions. Fourteen species were selected, subjected to in vitro salivary, gastric, and intestinal digestion processes, and presented to a multicompartment cell model containing Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells to simulate the gut mucosal epithelium. This model served to unravel the impact of swallowed bacteria on cells involved in the enterohepatic circulation. Using synthetic communities allows for controllability and reproducibility. Thus, this methodology can be adapted to assess pathogen viability and subsequent inflammation-associated changes, colonization capacity of probiotic mixtures, and ultimately, potential bacterial impact on the presystemic circulation

Displacement sensing using bi-modal resonance in over-coupled inductors

This paper presents the theory and key experimental findings for an investigation into the generation of bimodal resonance (frequency splitting) phenomena in mutually over-coupled inductive sensors, and its exploitation to evaluate relative separation and angular displacement between coils. This innovative measurement technique explores the bimodal resonant phenomena observed between two coil designs - solenoid and planar coil geometries. The proposed sensors are evaluated against first-order analytical functions and finite element models, before experimentally validating the predicted phenomenon for the different sensor configurations. The simulated and experimental results show excellent agreement and first-order best-fit functions are employed to predict displacement variables experimentally. Co-planar separation and angular displacement are shown to be experimentally predictable to within $\pm1mm$ and $\pm1^o$ using this approach. This study validates the first-order physics-based models employed, and demonstrates the first proof-of-principle for using resonant phenomena in inductive array sensors for evaluating relative displacement between array elements

Displacement sensing using bi-modal resonance in over-coupled inductors

This paper presents the theory and key experimental findings for an investigation into the generation of bimodal resonance (frequency splitting) phenomena in mutually over-coupled inductive sensors, and its exploitation to evaluate relative separation and angular displacement between coils. This innovative measurement technique explores the bimodal resonant phenomena observed between two coil designs - solenoid and planar coil geometries. The proposed sensors are evaluated against first-order analytical functions and finite element models, before experimentally validating the predicted phenomenon for the different sensor configurations. The simulated and experimental results show excellent agreement and first-order best-fit functions are employed to predict displacement variables experimentally. Co-planar separation and angular displacement are shown to be experimentally predictable to within $\pm1mm$ and $\pm1^o$ using this approach. This study validates the first-order physics-based models employed, and demonstrates the first proof-of-principle for using resonant phenomena in inductive array sensors for evaluating relative displacement between array elements