Actividades académicamente dirigidas en asignaturas optativas de 2º ciclo de la titulación de Química, como vía para la adquisición de competencias

En esta comunicación se presentan las actividades académicamente dirigidas realizadas para adaptar al EEES dos asignaturas optativas de 2º ciclo de la titulación de Química de la UJA: “Química Bioinorgánica” y “Química Inorgánica de los Sistemas Naturales”. Entre ellas destacan: la utilización de la plataforma ILIAS (disponible a través de la página web de la UJA), actividades en equipo, exposiciones y debates, actividades relacionadas con la investigación y visitas a empresas. Con estas actividades se ha planteado una enseñanza basada en la adquisición de competencias por parte del alumnado, que ha pasado a tener papel mucho más activo en el proceso de aprendizaje

Quantification of inaccurate diagnosis of COPD in primary care medicine: an analysis of the COACH clinical audit

[Background] Inaccurate diagnosis in COPD is a current problem with relevant consequences in terms of inefficient health care, which has not been thoroughly studied in primary care medicine. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of inaccurate diagnosis in Primary Care in Spain and study the determinants associated with it.[Methods] The Community Assessment of COPD Health Care (COACH) study is a national, observational, randomized, non-interventional, national clinical audit aimed at evaluating clinical practice for patients with COPD in primary care medicine in Spain. For the present analysis, a correct diagnosis was evaluated based on previous exposure and airway obstruction with and without the presence of symptoms. The association of patient-level and center-level variables with inaccurate diagnosis was studied using multivariate multilevel binomial logistic regression models.[Results] During the study 4,307 cases from 63 centers were audited. The rate of inaccurate diagnosis was 82.4% (inter-regional range from 76.8% to 90.2%). Patient-related interventions associated with inaccurate diagnosis were related to active smoking, lung function evaluation, and specific therapeutic interventions. Center-level variables related to the availability of certain complementary tests and different aspects of the resources available were also associated with an inaccurate diagnosis.[Conclusions] The prevalence data for the inaccurate diagnosis of COPD in primary care medicine in Spain establishes a point of reference in the clinical management of COPD. The descriptors of the variables associated with this inaccurate diagnosis can be used to identify cases and centers in which inaccurate diagnosis is occurring considerably, thus allowing for improvement.Peer reviewe

Noncovalent Lone Pair⋅⋅⋅(No-π!)-Heteroarene Interactions: The Janus-Faced Hydroxy Group

A comparative study by NMR using designed top pan molecular balances demonstrates that the noncovalent interaction of a hydroxyl group with π-deficient pyrazine and quinoxaline units involves a lone pair•••heteroarene interaction which is much stronger and essentially solvent independent when measured relative to the classical π-facial hydrogen bond to a benzene ring. Alkyl fluorides also prefer the heteroarene rings over the benzene ring. The attractive interaction between a quinoxaline and a terminal alkyne is also stronger than the intramolecular hydrogen bond to an arene