219 research outputs found
Quantum Phase Transitions and the Extended Coupled Cluster Method
We discuss the application of an extended version of the coupled cluster
method to systems exhibiting a quantum phase transition. We use the lattice
O(4) non-linear sigma model in (1+1)- and (3+1)-dimensions as an example. We
show how simple predictions get modified, leading to the absence of a phase
transition in (1+1) dimensions, and strong indications for a phase transition
in (3+1) dimensions
High-Order Coupled Cluster Method Calculations for the Ground- and Excited-State Properties of the Spin-Half XXZ Model
In this article, we present new results of high-order coupled cluster method
(CCM) calculations, based on a N\'eel model state with spins aligned in the
-direction, for both the ground- and excited-state properties of the
spin-half {\it XXZ} model on the linear chain, the square lattice, and the
simple cubic lattice. In particular, the high-order CCM formalism is extended
to treat the excited states of lattice quantum spin systems for the first time.
Completely new results for the excitation energy gap of the spin-half {\it XXZ}
model for these lattices are thus determined. These high-order calculations are
based on a localised approximation scheme called the LSUB scheme in which we
retain all -body correlations defined on all possible locales of
adjacent lattice sites (). The ``raw'' CCM LSUB results are seen to
provide very good results for the ground-state energy, sublattice
magnetisation, and the value of the lowest-lying excitation energy for each of
these systems. However, in order to obtain even better results, two types of
extrapolation scheme of the LSUB results to the limit (i.e.,
the exact solution in the thermodynamic limit) are presented. The extrapolated
results provide extremely accurate results for the ground- and excited-state
properties of these systems across a wide range of values of the anisotropy
parameter.Comment: 31 Pages, 5 Figure
The Extended Coupled Cluster Treatment of Correlations in Quantum Magnets
The spin-half XXZ model on the linear chain and the square lattice are
examined with the extended coupled cluster method (ECCM) of quantum many-body
theory. We are able to describe both the Ising-Heisenberg phase and the
XY-Heisenberg phase, starting from known wave functions in the Ising limit and
at the phase transition point between the XY-Heisenberg and ferromagnetic
phases, respectively, and by systematically incorporating correlations on top
of them. The ECCM yields good numerical results via a diagrammatic approach,
which makes the numerical implementation of higher-order truncation schemes
feasible. In particular, the best non-extrapolated coupled cluster result for
the sublattice magnetization is obtained, which indicates the employment of an
improved wave function. Furthermore, the ECCM finds the expected qualitatively
different behaviours of the linear chain and the square lattice cases.Comment: 22 pages, 3 tables, and 15 figure
Steady state existence of passive vector fields under the Kraichnan model
The steady state existence problem for Kraichnan advected passive vector
models is considered for isotropic and anisotropic initial values in arbitrary
dimension. The model includes the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, linear
pressure model (LPM) and linearized Navier-Stokes (LNS) equations. In addition
to reproducing the previously known results for the MHD and linear pressure
model, we obtain the values of the Kraichnan model roughness parameter
for which the LNS steady state exists.Comment: Improved text & figures, added references & other correction
Incomegetting and Environmental Degradation
Drawing on Alfred Schütz’s thought, as well as on a number of modern pragmatists and practice theorists, we theorize incomegetting—referring to practices of getting income, typically salaried work—as the paramount structurer of everyday life and, therefore, also the chief mediator of the human–nature metabolism. Even though the pragmatics of everyday life as an aggregate underlie the bulk of environmental impacts, these insidious impacts impose little immediate influence on everyday life, in particular in the urban Global North. In other words, the pragmatic dimension of everyday activities—principally, work—that takes place within a vastly complex and globally interlinked productive world system, has most often no immediate connection to the “natural” environment. While parts of the populations are directly dependent in terms of livelihoods on the “natural” environment, these populations are typically pushed to the margins of the global productive system. The understanding formulated in this essay suggests that in environmental social sciences there is a reason to shift the epicenter of the analysis from consumption to everyday life, to the varied practices of incomegetting. Against the backdrop of this paper, universal basic income schemes ought to have radical impacts on the way we relate also to the “natural” environment and such schemes necessitate understanding the essence of money in our contemporary realities
Incomegetting and Environmental Degradation
Drawing on Alfred Schütz’s thought, as well as on a number of modern pragmatists and practice theorists, we theorize incomegetting—referring to practices of getting income, typically salaried work—as the paramount structurer of everyday life and, therefore, also the chief mediator of the human–nature metabolism. Even though the pragmatics of everyday life as an aggregate underlie the bulk of environmental impacts, these insidious impacts impose little immediate influence on everyday life, in particular in the urban Global North. In other words, the pragmatic dimension of everyday activities—principally, work—that takes place within a vastly complex and globally interlinked productive world system, has most often no immediate connection to the “natural” environment. While parts of the populations are directly dependent in terms of livelihoods on the “natural” environment, these populations are typically pushed to the margins of the global productive system. The understanding formulated in this essay suggests that in environmental social sciences there is a reason to shift the epicenter of the analysis from consumption to everyday life, to the varied practices of incomegetting. Against the backdrop of this paper, universal basic income schemes ought to have radical impacts on the way we relate also to the “natural” environment and such schemes necessitate understanding the essence of money in our contemporary realities
Electrons and positrons in metal vacancies
The electron density profiles at monovacancies of simple metals are calculated by the self-consistent Kohn-Sham method and by a number of statistical methods. The metal is described by a uniform positive background charge together with an interacting electron gas, and the vacancy is approximated as a spherical hole in the background. The Kohn-Sham electron density inside the vacancy is found to be in average 15 of the density in the bulk material. Of the various statistical methods, the simple Thomas-Fermi approximation is found to describe best the average electron density over the whole metallic density range when compared to the Kohn-Sham results. The energies of vacancy formation are calculated by using the Kohn-Sham electron densities together with three lattice models, and reasonable numerical success is achieved for alkali metals. In the case of polyvalent metals the results are not satisfactory even if the uniform background were replaced by point ions or if the electron-ion interactions were described by Ashcroft empty-core pseudopotentials. The lifetimes of a positron trapped at the vacancies of several metals are calculated by using both the Kohn-Sham and the Thomas-Fermi electron densities. The results for most metals are in agreement with experimental values. The angular-correlation curve of the positron in aluminum vacancy is calculated directly from the Kohn-Sham one-electron wave functions. The result agrees with the curve calculated from the so-called mixed-density approximation and also with the experimental result.Peer reviewe
Vankilakoulutuksen ja -työn merkitys syrjäytymisen näkökulmasta Toimintojen merkitys vankien hyvinvointiin
- …