An Expository Perception on Code Clone

Software industry is the fastest growing diversion today. As the needs of software growing rapidly, maintenance of such type of software are getting more intricate, which is a foremost concern for the industry today. Numerous factors formulate the software maintenance cumbersome. Code clone is one of these factors. It is an exercise to replicate such code specks by copying which are common in different software. Although, it seems to be easy to use same code for different software but it complicates the task of maintenance of software and further changes required on clone part of the software. This study focus on the different types of code clone techniques and their related issue. Moreover, this study also different benefits and issues of code clone

Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects of CAM Therapies: An In Vitro

The purpose of this current study was to justify the incorporation of complementary and alternate medicine (CAM) in current cancer treatments. The major drawback of anticancer drugs is their nonselective killing, which ultimately leads to attrition of normal cells. Keeping this as the foundation of our study, we made an effort to compare the cytotoxicity associated with a known chemotherapeutic drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), with certain CAM therapies previously reported to have anticancer activity. The parameters chosen for the study were based on antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on normal, kidney epithelial cells (NRK-52E). The MTT assay, colony formation assay, DNA fragmentation, and differential staining using AO/EB, following treatment with either 5-FU or CAM therapies, were performed. The CAM therapies under study were various extracts of wheatgrass, roots of Achyranthes aspera (AA), mushroom extracts (Pleurotus ostreatus, Macrolepiota procera, and Auricularia polytricha), and a homeopathic drug, Ruta graveolens (Ruta). The results showed that treatment of normal cells with the CAM therapies led to minimum cell damage in comparison to 5-FU. This evidence-based study will lead to greater acceptance of alternative therapies against cancer

Green business - A study of consumer perception and preferences in India

A green company is one that uses environmentally friendly techniques of production, procurement, workforce management, and delivery. In order to protect the environment on a worldwide scale, green businesses seek to eradicate all traces of their operations' harmful effects on the natural world. The study's overall objective was to learn how green business practices affect many aspects of company operations, what kinds of advantages green business may bring to an organization, and what kind of difficulties it may encounter in the transition. This study also identified the motivating aspects of adopting environmentally friendly activities. To fulfil the aims of the study, a quantitative research approach was applied. Primary data were acquired by using a survey questionnaire. The questionnaires were circulated to 25 students and business owners. Microsoft Excel was used to analyse the data and to produce graphical representations of the responses. The survey's results showed that the vast majority of respondents were already familiar with and open to learning more about eco-friendly options. In addition, a green company venture has excellent long-term viability and potential for financial success. The vast majority of respondents think that by adopting green business practices, more people would become aware of the need of lowering pollution levels. This aids the business in making the most efficient use of its materials and resources

Comparative Effect of Vagal Stimulation on Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Skin Hydration at Different Anatomical Sites in Prehypertensive Individuals: A Pilot Study

Introduction: Prehypertension is the precursor to high Blood Pressure (BP), which can lead to severe consequences such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, and cerebrovascular complications, ultimately resulting in mortality. Vagal stimulation is frequently employed by therapists, along with various therapeutic exercises, to treat or manage Heart Rate (HR) and BP in prehypertensive individuals. The vagus nerve plays a vital role in maintaining internal physiological balance, known as homeostasis, which includes reflex pathways that regulate cardiac function. Auricular neuromodulation of the vagus nerve can be achieved through stimulation of the ear lobule, cymba concha, or tragus in the outer ear. Aim: To compare and determine the optimal anatomical site for vagal stimulation, specifically the ear lobule, cymba concha, or tragus, to improve HR, BP, and skin hydration in prehypertensive individuals. Materials and Methods: The present pilot study conducted a pre-post comparative analysis in the Outpatient Department (OPD) of Physiotherapy at the Institute of Applied Medicines and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study duration was nine months, from January 2022 to September 2022. A total of 30 subjects aged 30-55 years were divided into three groups (10 participants in each group: A, B, and C) using sealed envelopes. Group A received vagal stimulation on the ear lobule, Group B received vagal stimulation on the cymba concha, and Group C received vagal stimulation on the tragus. Baseline measurements were taken prior to treatment, including HR, BP, and skin hydration. Vagal stimulation was administered using a low-frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) machine at 25 Hertz and a pulse width of 120 ms. The stimulus was continuously applied for 30 minutes, five days a week, for four weeks. After a 10-minute relaxation period, HR, BP, and skin hydration were measured both pre and post-intervention. The data was statistically analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0, employing paired t-tests to compare means within groups and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to compare between the three groups. Results: There were no statistical differences in the baseline among all three groups. Group C, which received vagal stimulation on the tragus, demonstrated statistically significant improvements in BP and skin hydration. The t-value and p-value for Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) were 11.513 and p<0.001, for Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) were 10.411 and p<0.001, for HR were 15.231 and p<0.001, and for skin hydration were 9.474 and p<0.001, respectively. When comparing HR, BP, and skin hydration among the groups using one-way ANOVA f- value and p-value showed significant difference between the groups in all parameters. Conclusion: The study concludes that vagal stimulation on the tragus is a superior intervention compared to vagal stimulation on the cymba concha or ear lobule for controlling HR, BP, and skin hydration in prehypertensive individual

Web-Based Scaffolds: The Feasibility of a Constructivist Approach to Oncology Fellow Learning

In this 2-institution feasibility pilot, oncology fellows used and updated freely available web-based learning tools (scaffolds) in a constructivist fashion

Metallic Nanoparticles as Antimicrobials and Radiosensitizers: A Review

Nanoparticles have shown unique physical and chemical properties that have opened new era for chemotherapy, cancer therapy, and radiotherapy. As an improved technology for targeting tumors, it is suggested that nanoparticles can become clinically useful for radio sensitization and as an antimicrobials can be utilized in topical formulations such as ointments, gels, and creams. There are different types of nanoparticles involved in the treatment of cancer radiotherapy and tumor selective radiosensitizer which have been classified into different groups. One of the widest applications of nanoparticles is assigned to noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs) or metal-based radiosensitizers. MNPs are the entities of pure metals smaller than the scale of microns, that is, between 1 and 100 nm in size. These include gold, silver, zinc, platinum, iron, gadolinium, cerium, titanium, tantalum, Bismuth, Hafnium, and copper and their oxides, sulfides, phosphates, and chlorides. MNPs due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics such as large surface energy, larger surface-area-to-volume ratio, quantum confinement, and plasmon excitation have emerged as a powerful tool for bioimaging and diagnostic of cancer and other clinical applications. Therefore, this paper discusses the wider applications of metal-based nanoparticles in enhancing radiosensitivity in debt. Improving mechanistic approach and understanding in nanoparticles, the outcome of this study will be of enormous benefit in radiotherapy

Significance of the pee-value: relevance of 24-hour urine studies for patients with myeloma

International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) response criteria require refrigerated 24-hour urine specimens for most patients. However, given that serum free light chain testing has been shown to outperform 24-hour urine immunofixation as a prognostic marker, the importance of maintaining urine testing options or requirements within each level of IMWG response criteria has not been investigated. We analyzed responses to induction therapy for all transplant-eligible patients with multiple myeloma at our institution over a 3-year period using traditional versus 'urine-free' IMWG response criteria (where references to urine were removed from the descriptions for every depth of response). Of 281 evaluable patients, responses changed for only 4% of patients (95% confidence interval 2-7%) using urine-free criteria. Our results call into question the continued requirement for 24-hour urine measurements as part of IMWG response assessments for all patients. Research into the prognostic performance of urine-free IMWG criteria is ongoing