An Analysis of Speech Act in Ice Age Collision Course Movie Script

This research is a pragmatic approach study of an analysis of illocutionary in ice age collision Course Movie Script. The objectives of this researcher are to find out the types of illocutionary acts are performed by all the characters' utterances, and to find out dominantly of types of illocutionary acts are used by all the character's utterances. The researcher used the content analysis qualitative method to describe and analyze the selected illocutionary acts which are watching movies and then classify them according to George Yule’s concept types of illocutionary acts. The researcher used content analysis which focuses on classifying the types of illocutionary acts and the dominantly of types of illocutionary acts in the ice age collision course movie carried out by all the characters. The researcher found that are the characters use all types of illocutionary acts. First representatives there are {Stating (3), Suggesting (1), Complaining (1)}. Second is directives, they are {Asking (3), Commanding (4), Forbidding (2), Demanding (2)}. Third, is commissions, they are {Promising (1)}, Forth is expressive, they are {Congratulating (2), Thanking (1) Welcoming (1), Apologizing (1)}, and the last is a declaration, they are {Declare (1), Naming (1)} Based on the data above, it reveals that all characters in their utterances dominantly used the illocutionary acts of Directive with the total of 11 data

Preparation of different zinc compounds from a smithsonite ore through ammonia leaching and subsequent heat treatment

In this study, firstly, the effects of ammonia concentration, leaching time and solid/liquid ratio on the leaching behaviour of zinc from a smithsonite (ZnCO3) ore sample in aqueous ammonia solutions were investigated at room temperature by chemical, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analyses. It was found that leaching ratio of zinc steeply increased from 30.1 to 76.2% with increasing ammonia concentration from 1.0 to 4.0 M and maximum zinc leaching ratio of 79.7% was reached after leaching in 13.3 M NH3 solution. The XRD pattern of the residue obtained after leaching in 4.0 M NH3 solution for 90 min at solid/liquid ratio of 0.15 g/mL, the optimum condition, showed that smithsonite phase in the ore sample almost completely dissolved whereas the gangue minerals goethite and calcite remained unaffected, confirming the selectivity of ammonia solution for zinc dissolution. Together with zinc, leaching ratios of cadmium were also determined. In second part of the study, precipitation tests (by complete drying at different temperatures) were conducted on dissolved zinc, carbonate and ammonia containing pregnant solutions obtained after selected leaching experiments. By complete drying of the pregnant solutions at low temperatures, i.e. 50°C, relatively pure solid zinc ammine carbonate (Zn(NH3)CO3) precipitates and at higher temperatures, i.e. 150°C, quite pure solid zinc carbonate hydroxide (Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6) precipitates could be prepared. High-temperature heating of Zn(NH3)CO3 and Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 precipitates at 450°C yielded single-phase zinc oxide (ZnO). The chemical compositions, FT-IR spectra and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of some of the precipitates were also presented

Mainstreaming video games: A cultural response

This paper examines the integration of video games into Dhaka's cultural landscape in Bangladesh, considering the impact of sociocultural and economic factors. Through ethnographic research and the application of theoretical frameworks such as the theory of attainment, this study investigates the factors contributing to the popularity of video games in Dhaka. The research explores how vocational expectations in education and a focus on specific career outcomes shape the cultural narrative surrounding video games. Video games serve as sources of entertainment and social validation, filling the void created by limited recreational spaces and changing social norms. The commercial aspect of video games also facilitates peer bonding and social interaction, aligning with the prevailing neoliberal ethos in Dhaka's society. The theory of attainment helps explain the motivations underlying the widespread adoption of video games, linking it to the pursuit of predefined objectives within the neoliberal paradigm. As Dhaka undergoes neoliberal transformations, video games have become central to its cultural landscape, functioning as coping mechanisms and sources of identity and connectivity in the face of limited leisure spaces and changing social configurations. This article seeks to understand the popularity of video games in Dhaka by exploring the interplay of culture, technology, and socioeconomic factors. It presents video games as both reactions to and reflections of the city's evolving environment, shedding light on the dynamics shaping leisure practices in urban Bangladesh. This research can contribute to further investigations and studies on online gaming within the sociocultural context of Bangladesh

The Implementation of Knowledge Management in Conservation Construction Firms: An Empirical Study on Organisational Readiness

The difficulty and complexity of implementing conservation projects on Malaysian heritage buildings have led to construction firms to be more innovative in integrating the implementation process with other concepts from various different disciplines and fields. In this study, the need to implement knowledge management among the conservation construction firms is seen to be a significant aspect, particularly to enable these firms to optimize the available knowledge among the workers in order to remain competitive. However, studies related to the level of exposure as well as discussions of knowledge management implementation in conservation construction firms in Malaysia are extremely limited. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of readiness among conservation construction firms towards the implementation of knowledge management in their organisations as well as to evaluate the relationship between organisational readiness with the readiness components. The data needed for this study was collected through a survey, where a specific questionnaire was designed and distributed to selected employees working in conservation construction firms. The main finding of this study shows that the level of readiness among most of these conservation construction firms is relatively good where it has been proven that these firms are capable of realizing the implementation of knowledge management in their respective organizations. The study findings also reveal that there is a strong relationship between organisational readiness with all readiness components that had been tested within this study

Parking site selection management using Fuzzy logic and Multi Criteria Decision Making.

The construction of new service centers is very costly and the optimal site selection of these centers, one of the parameters for determining their degree of effectivencess, is of high importance. Public parkings are an example for these service centers. Population growth, sprawling of cities and increasing of vehicles result in heavy traffic and prolonged city trips.Utilizing public parkings can be regarded as an effective approach to abate traffic load in city centers, in that spaces designated for vehicles parking along the roads would be freed, and consequently the usable space of the roads would increase, which in turn would contribute to the smooth flow of traffic. In this paper, we describe an ideal method for parking site selection by the use of GIS, fuzzy logic and weighting criteria to determine proper parking sites. Suitable place for parking is selected for one of the high traffic regions of Esfahan city in Iran

Direct conversion of alkaline earth metal hydroxides and sulfates to carbonates in ammonia solutions

: In this study, the direct conversion behaviors of different alkaline earth metal solids (the hydroxides and the sulfates of alkaline earth metals Ca, Sr, Ba and Mg) to their corresponding carbonates in dissolved carbonate-containing pregnant solutions obtained by direct leaching of a smithsonite (ZnCO3) ore sample in aqueous ammonia solutions having different concentrations (4 M, 8 M and 13.3 M NH3) were investigated by using X-ray diffraction analyses at alkaline earth metal to dissolved carbonate mole ratios of 1:1 and 1:2, for revealing the conversion possibilities of dissolved carbonate in the pregnant solutions to solid carbonate by-products. The results of direct conversion experiments showed that Ca(OH)2, CaSO4·2H2O, Sr(OH)2·8H2O and Ba(OH)2·8H2O converted to their corresponding carbonates, SrSO4 partially converted to SrCO3 as observed by the presence of unreacted SrSO4 peaks in X-ray diffraction patterns of the converted solids, and BaSO4 did not convert to BaCO3 because of its lower solubility with respect to BaCO3. On the other hand, it was observed that Mg(OH)2 did not convert to MgCO3, but MgSO4·7H2O converted dominantly to an uncommon phase, which was tentatively identified as Mg5Zn3(CO3)2(OH)12·H2O. In the study, a complete discussion on the conversion behaviors of alkaline earth metal solids to their corresponding carbonates was given considering the differences between their solubility product constants and the changes in the free energies of the theoretical conversion reactions. In addition, infrared spectra and scanning electron microscope images of some of the converted solids were also presented for characterization purposes

Contractors' Perspective on the Benefits of Implementing Industrialized Building System (IBS)

Construction industry is considered among the most crucial sectors in developing countries where it is capable to drive a nation towards progressive development as it provides a positive platform to other industries. Implementation of Industrialized Building System (IBS) has been acknowledged as an effective measure to increase capability within the industry as compared to the conventional methods. The purpose of this study is to present the benefits of implementing IBS from contractors’ viewpoint. Questionnaire forms were distributed to 683 construction firms registered under the Construction Industry Development Board of Malaysia operating in the states of Penang, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur and Johor. A total of 254 questionnaire forms were returned duly completed. The collected data was analysed using the Conformity Index. Three main benefits gained by implementing IBS from the contractors’ perspective are (1) IBS increases the productivity of construction works, (2) IBS reduces concrete mixing activities at construction sites and (3) IBS reduces the overall duration of construction work. These results indicate that the contractors are focusing more on completing construction works with the help of IBS implementation at construction sites. Also with IBS, it is able to minimize the problem of site mismanagement/disorganization through a significant reduction of in-situ wet concrete works.

The Mediating Effect of Consumers’ Purchase Intention: A Perspective of Online Shopping Behavior among Generation Y

Young consumers spend most of their time online in comparison to the working adults due to their great potential of buying power as well finding that online shopping is more convenient. The objective of this study is to investigate factors determining online purchase intention among the university students whereby variables such as attitude, subjective norm, trust, purchase intention and behavior were tested. Total of 800 questionnaires were distributed and 662 questionnaires were usable. A quantitative research was undertaken through the distribution of survey questionnaires and the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test the relations among variables. The analyses have proven that purchase intention has functioned effectively as a mediator between the independent variables (attitude, subjective norm and trust) and dependent variables (online shopping behavior).The results of this study offer some new frontiers in supporting as well as enriching more studies in the scope of online shopping behaviors. This study contributes to the dynamics of the causative relations between examined variables and highlights the significance of attitude, subjective norm, trust and consumer behavior in ascertaining the purchase intention in the context of Malaysian online purchases. Keywords: Purchase intention, Attitude, Subjective norm, Trust, Consumer behavio

Work Environment Factors And Job Performance: The Construction Project Manager’s Perspective

Project performance is a critical issue for the construction industry. Project deliverables such as timely completion and client satisfaction are often used as yardsticks to determine success. More often that not, the success of a construction project hinges on the ability of the construction project manager to effectively perform his job functions with the intended efficacy. As such this paper intends to firstly identify the relationship between work environment factors and job performance and secondly to rank these work environment factors in the order of importance. Respondents comprising of project managers in construction firms throughout the northern region of Peninsular Malaysia were selected as the sample population. Questionnaires were then distributed and collected. From the analysis conducted on the gathered data, it was found that the performance level of the project manager had a very high correlation with the level of authority as well as the type of client within a specific project