Genotypic profiling of coding region of leptin gene and their association studies on reproductive and milk production traits in Sahiwal and Frieswal cattle of India

Leptin gene has its role in appetite, metabolism, growth and milk production in cattle. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in leptin gene in different cattle breeds have been reported and subsequently associated with their production performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of genetic differences in the bovine leptin gene with milk production, reproduction, milk constituents in Sahiwal and Frieswal cattle of India. In total, one hundred and seventy six cows were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to screen the presence of three SNPs in leptin gene. The testing of Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium for the three SNPs of within Frieswal and Sahiwal population indicated that the polymorphism site in the populations fitted with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05) except for C/BspEI/T and C/NruI/T position in Sahiwal. Polymorphism C/NruI/T have significant association with age at first service and age at first calving and heterozygotes have more prolonged age at fist service and age at first calving. For milk protein, C/BspEI/T and C/HphI/T was found to have significant effect. For lactose and SNF, C/HphI/T polymorphism has found to be significant. In case of combined genotyping, genotype CTCTCC (713.00±167.99 days) was found to have noticeable higher age at first service and age at first calving. But milk production higher first lactation yield was noted for CCCCCT (3987.00±337.86 kg).Keywords: Leptin gene, polymorphism, Frieswal, Sahiwal, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), combined genotype.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(42), pp. 6140-614

Molecular characterization of MHC-DRB cDNA in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

In the present study, water buffalo MHC (Bubu)-DRB cDNA was cloned and characterized. The 1022 base long-amplified cDNA product encompassed a single open reading frame of 801 bases that coded for 266 amino acids. The Bubu-DRB sequence showed maximum homology with the BoLA-DRB3*0101 allele of cattle. A total of seven amino acid residues were found to be unique for the Bubu-DRB sequence. The majority of amino acid substitutions was observed in the β1 domain. Residues associated with important functions were mostly conserved. Water buffalo DRB was phylogenetically closer to goat DRB*A

Molecular Characterization and SNP Detection of CD14 Gene of Crossbred Cattle

CD14 is an important molecule for innate immunity that can act against a wide range of pathogens. The present paper has characterized CD14 gene of crossbred (CB) cattle (Bos indicus×Bos taurus). Cloning and sequence analysis of CD14 cDNA revealed 1119 nucleotide long open reading frame encoding 373 amino acids protein and 20 amino acids signal peptide. CB cattle CD14 gene exhibited a high percentage of nucleotide identity (59.3–98.1%) with the corresponding mammalian homologs. Cattle and buffalo appear to have diverged from a common ancestor in phylogenetic analysis. 25 SNPs with 17 amino acid changes were newly reported and the site for mutational hot-spot was detected in CB cattle CD14 gene. Non-synonymous substitutions exceeding synonymous substitutions indicate the evolution of this protein through positive selection among domestic animals. Predicted protein structures obtained from deduced amino acid sequence indicated CB cattle CD14 molecule to be a receptor with horse shoe-shaped structure. The sites for LPS binding, LPS signalling, leucine-rich repeats, putative N-linked glycosylation, O-linked glycosylation, glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol anchor, disulphide bridges, alpha helix, beta strand, leucine rich nuclear export signal, leucine zipper and domain linker were predicted. Most of leucine and cysteine residues remain conserved across the species

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Not AvailableThe book covers all aspects of camel husbandary.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableLeptin gene has its role in appetite, metabolism, growth and milk production in cattle. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in leptin gene in different cattle breeds have been reported and subsequently associated with their production performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of genetic differences in the bovine leptin gene with milk production, reproduction, milk constituents in Sahiwal and Frieswal cattle of India. In total, one hundred and seventy six cows were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to screen the presence of three SNPs in leptin gene. The testing of Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium for the three SNPs of within Frieswal and Sahiwal population indicated that the polymorphism site in the populations fitted with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05) except for C/BspEI/T and C/NruI/T position in Sahiwal. Polymorphism C/NruI/T have significant association with age at first service and age at first calving and heterozygotes have more prolonged age at fist service and age at first calving. For milk protein, C/BspEI/T and C/HphI/T was found to have significant effect. For lactose and SNF, C/HphI/T polymorphism has found to be significant. In case of combined genotyping, genotype CTCTCC (713.00±167.99 days) was found to have noticeable higher age at first service and age at first calving. But milk production higher first lactation yield was noted for CCCCCT (3987.00±337.86 kg).Not Availabl

PCR-RFLP based genotyping of cattle using DNA extracted from hair samples

287-289A simple method of genotyping of farm animals using DNA extracted from hair samples is described. Hair samples of 35 F H (Holstein Friesian Hariana) crossbred cattle were processed for isolation of genomic DNA. These DNA samples were used for genotyping of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP 3) gene using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Thus, hair samples could be an easy and reliable source of DNA for genotyping of farm animals or any other molecular genetic research work where DNA is needed as an experimental material for the study

<span style="font-size:13.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt" lang="EN-GB">Molecular characterization of MHC-DRB gene exon 2 in riverine buffalo (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Bubalus bubalis</i>) </span>

532-535In the  present study, expressed DRB gene of buffalo major histocompatibility complex (Bubu) was characterized. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of Bubu-DRB second exon region using TaqI and HaeIII restriction enzymes revealed one and three restriction patterns, respectively. Comparative analysis of two different HaeIII variants revealed large number of amino acids substitutions at peptide binding site (PBS) of the molecule. The variants showed low divergence with cattle (BoLA) DRB3 alleles in general. Phylogenetically, Bubu-DRB clone b and e were found to be closer to Bubu-DRB*0501 and DRB*0401 alleles, respectively. High genetic variation at PBS region of Bubu-DRB exon 2 might contribute positively to antigen repertoire properties during infection

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Not AvailableProlactin (PRL) and beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) are two important candidate genes well known to be associated with milk production traits as well as somatic cell count (SCC) among dairy cattle breeds. In the present study, the intron 3 of PRL and the spanning region between exon IV and intron IV of the BLG gene were chosen for genotyping and their association with milk production traits as well as SCC among HF crossbred cattle (i.e., Frieswal) that originated from India. We observed that the AA genotype frequency of PRL among Frieswal cows is higher than that of AB and BB. Our findings showed that cows with AA and BB genotypes had significantly (p < 0.05) higher total milk yield and peak yield than AB genotype cows. Comparing SCC with various genotypic groups, we observed that BB genotype cows had significantly (p < 0.05) lower SCC than those with AB and AA genotypes. In the case of BLG, the genotypic frequency of BB was higher than that of AB and AA. The AB and BB genotypes of BLG had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on total milk yield and peak yield compared with AA. The SCC of the AA genotype of BLG is significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that of AB and BB. This study thus indicates that AA and BB genotypes in PRL as well as AB and BB genotypes in BLG may be more suitable for better milk production; however, cows having BB genotype in PRL and AA genotype in BLG may show more resistance to mastitis than those with other genotypes among HF crossbred cattle.Not Availabl