Ektrak Daging Buah Mahkota Dewa Meregenerasi Sel Pulau Langerhans Pada Tikus Putih Diabetes

In Indonesia, the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus is accompanied by the increasing financial burden to the patients. It is necessary to find alternative herbal treatment for diabetes, which is effective, cheap, and easy to find: the mahkota dewa. This research aims to find out the histological regeneration of Langerhans islet cells after given by flesh extract of mahkota dewa.This experimental research used complete randomized design (CRD). There were 5 treatments given to the twenty five mice; the negative control group (the normal one), the positive control (male white mice (Rattus norvegicus which were made diabetic by administering injection of 70 mg/kg of body mass of diabetogenic alloxan), the group of diabetic male white mice given 3, 6 and 9 grams/day/200 bodyweights), then were measured glucose in blood at 0, 1st and 4th week and counted Langerhans islet cells every 5 overviews.Statistically results showed that flesh extracts of mahkota dewa can decreased glucose in diabetic mice (r=0,75) with contribute 56,89% in decreasing, regenerated Langerhans islet cells of pankreas {Fcount(17,558)>Ftab(2,870)} with the highest increasing is 3,84 amount and started with 3grams/day/200 bodyweights doses, and the best effectiveness in regenerating was 11,81% consentration or 0,1181grams/day (6.56 grams/day in human)

REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF MALE ALBINO RATS AFTER INDUCTION IN SLEEP DEPRIVATION MODELS

Paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) and total sleep deprivation (TSD) cause disrupt of male infertilitybut sleep recovery (SR) can improve male reproduction function that connected with occupational works health. The aim of this study is to determine the difference of reproduction parameters in male albinorats  after exposed by various sleep deprivation models. This research was experimental post-test only with control group design. Rats were divided into 5 groups (6 animals each group) : negativecontrol, PSD (II), TSD (III), PSD with SR, TSD with SR.  The study results  showed that average of spermatogenic  group IV (8.35 ± 0.06) and V (8.27 ± 0.27) had higher scores. group IV had the highest number of Leydig cell (5,91 ± 1,43),  group I had the highest rates (40,02 ± 2,04)   number of Sertoli cell and there were no significant difference  average of epithelial diameter (p=0,598) and height (p=0,895). There were significant difference of spermatogenic score post-SR,  number of Sertoli and Leydig cells, but no significant difference of epithelial diameter and height of seminiferous tubule after exposed by various sleep deprivation stress model. Sleep recovery in occupational work can  repair the histological parameter of reproduction. Key word : male albino rats, reproduction parameters,  sleep deprivation model

PERBANDINGAN HASIL ANALISIS SPERMA DARI PROSES COITUS INTERRUPTUS DAN MASTURBASI PADA KASUS INFERTILITAS

Pasangan infertil semakin banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, 40% penyebab infertilitas terkait dengan faktor suami. Analisis sperma merupakan metode untuk mengetahui penyebab infertilitas. Metode masturbasi lebih direkomendasikan dibandingkan coitus interruptus. Kekurangan pada metode masturbasi adalah adanya beban psikologis dan latar belakang agama. Tujuan penelitian adalah membandingkan hasil analisis sperma dari hasil coitus interruptus dan masturbasi pada kasus infertilitas. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 97 laki-laki infertil yang melakukan pemeriksaan di RSIA Bunda Arif pada bulan Januari 2017 – Juni 2018. Teknik sampling menggunakan total sampling. Analisis sperma menggunakan klasifikasi dari WHO tahun 2010. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t tidak berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna konsentrasi sperma (p=0,043) pada kelompok masturbasi 46,5 ± 7,2 dan kelompok coitus interruptus 18,7 ± 5,3. Hasil yang tidak bermakna pada motilitas (p=0,632) dan morfologi (p=0,722). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah analisis sperma dengan proses masturbasi lebih baik konsentrasinya dibandingkan dengan proses coitus interruptus pada kasus infertilitas.   Infertile couples are increasingly found in Indonesia and the 40% of many causes are related to husband factors consequently sperm analysis is needed to predict infertility. A method of masturbation is more recommended than coitus interruptus. The deficiency of masturbation method lies on psychological and religious burden. This research aims at comparing the sperm analysis resulted from coitus interuptus and masturbation in infertility cases. It belongs to observational analityc reserach. The subjects of the research were 97 infertile male patients who underwent examination in RSIA Bunda Arif in January 2017-June 2018 and total sampling method was applied. The sperm analysis utilized WHO classification in 2010 and independent t-test was used in statistics analysis. The results of this study showed the sperm comparison and research results (p = 0.043) in masturbation groups is 46.5 ± 7.2 and the coitus interruptus group is 18.7 ± 5.3 and the result is not suitable for motility (p = 0.632) and morphology (p = 0.722) in spite of the fact that it showed better in the masturbation group. The study concludes that the sperm concentration in sperm analysis in the masturbation process is better and more recommended than that of coitus interruptus

VITAMIN D PADA PASIEN ACNE VULGARIS DAN KORELASI DENGAN LUARAN KLINIS: REVIEW SISTEMATIK

Background: Vitamin D is thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris through anti-inflammatory effects. Research regarding the relationship between vitamin D and the severity of acne vulgaris still shows mixed results. Objective: To determine the correlation between vitamin D levels and clinical severity in acne vulgaris patients. Method: This systematic review uses Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases. Of the 362 articles, 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed narratively. Results: Of 13 studies, 4 showed significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between degrees of acne severity. Meanwhile, the other 9 did not show any significant differences. One study showed significant differences in tissue vitamin D levels with severity. Conclusion: Overall, results are still inconsistent. There is evidence of a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency and decreased tissue vitamin D levels in people with acne vulgaris as severity increases. It is suspected that this is related to the role of vitamin D in suppressing inflammation. Further studies considering confounding factors are needed to clarify this association.Latar Belakang: Vitamin D diduga memiliki peran dalam patogenesis acne vulgaris melalui efek antiinflamasi. Penelitian terkait hubungan vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan acne vulgaris masih menunjukkan hasil yang beragam. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan klinis pada pasien acne vulgaris. Metode: Review sistematik ini menggunakan basis data Pubmed, Google Scholar, dan Science Direct. Dari 362 artikel, 13 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis secara naratif. Hasil: Dari 13 studi, 4 menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna kadar vitamin D serum antar derajat keparahan akne. Sementara 9 lainnya tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna. Satu studi menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna kadar vitamin D jaringan dengan derajat keparahan. Kesimpulan: Secara keseluruhan, hasil masih inkonsisten. Terdapat bukti risiko defisiensi vitamin D lebih tinggi dan penurunan kadar vitamin D jaringan pada penderita akne vulgaris seiring peningkatan derajat keparahan. Diduga hal ini berkaitan dengan peran vitamin D dalam menekan inflamasi. Diperlukan studi lebih lanjut dengan mempertimbangkan faktor perancu untuk memperjelas asosiasi ini

Semen Leucocytes Affect Sperm Quality of Infertility Patient

The association between the risk factors for male infertility including smoking, obesity, male age, and leukocyte count with sperm analysis, still shows mixed results. This study aims to determine the association between smoking, obesity, male age, and leukocytes count with sperm quality (sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology) of infertility patients in Purwokerto. This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted in the medical records section of the Bunda Arif Hospital Purwokerto. The sample was taken by total sampling. The bivariate test of smoking and obesity behaviour variables with the results of sperm quality using the Chi-Square test and Fisher's exact test. Male age variables used the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Spearman correlation test. Variable leukocytes count using the Spearman test. The results showed no association between male age, obesity and smoking behaviour with sperm quality, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology (p>0.05). There is a significant association (p<0,05) between leukocyte semen count and spermatozoa concentration, sperm motility, and morphology of spermatozoa. It is concluded that there was a significant association between leukocyte count and sperm quality in infertility patients in Purwokerto. Research needs to be continued by examining the relationship between leukocytopenia and sperm DNA damage by looking at sperm DNA fragmentation

Hepatoprotective Effect of Sun Chlorella as an Antioxidant in <i>Rattus norvegicus</i> Induced Carbon Tetrachloride

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is a chemical that can cause damage to liver cells. One of the natural ingredients developed to reduce liver damage due to chemicals and infections is Chlorella sp. The research aimed to explore the hepatoprotective effect of the antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) by administering Sun Chlorella in Rattus norvegicus CCl₄ induced rats. The study design used a post-test with a control group design with a completely randomized design trial on 30 male rats of Wistar strains, aged 2–3 months, 200–250 grams in weight. The research was conducted in November 2016–January 2017 in Purwokerto. Rats were divided into five groups and treated for four weeks as follows: K1 group was given aquades; K2 was given CCl₄; K3, K4, K5 were given CCl₄ and Sun Chlorella 3.6 mg/200 gBW, 7.2 mg/200 gBW, and 14.4 mg/200 gBW respectively, by the gastric probe. Statistical analysis with correlation test and one way ANOVA multivariate test showed that Sun Chlorella 7.2 and 14.4 mg/200 gBW significantly increased SOD levels in rats induced CCl₄ (p=0.004, p=0.009). SOD rates were significantly strong associated with aspartate aminotransferase/AST (r=−0.685, p=0.000) and alanine aminotransferase/ALT (r=−0.659, p=0.000). The conclusion is Sun Chlorella increases SOD levels in CCl₄-induced rats. Increased SOD levels may decrease AST and ALT levels.   EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTIF SUN CHLORELLA SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN PADA RATTUS NORVEGICUS YANG DIINDUKSI KARBON TETRAKLORIDA Karbon tetraklorida (CCl₄) merupakan bahan kimia yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel hati. Berbagai bahan alami telah dikembangkan untuk mengurangi kerusakan hati baik akibat bahan kimia maupun infeksi, salah satunya adalah Chlorella sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat efek hepatoprotektif  dengan pemberian Sun Chlorella pada tikus Rattus norvegicus yang diinduksi CCl₄. Desain penelitian menggunakan post-test with a control group dengan rancangan percobaan rancangan acak lengkap pada 30 tikus jantan galur Wistar, usia 2–3 bulan, dan berat 200–250 gram. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Purwokerto pada periode November 2016–Januari 2017. Tikus dibagi menjadi lima kelompok dan mendapatkan perlakuan per oral dengan sonde lambung selama 4 minggu sebagai berikut: kelompok K1 sebagi kontrol negatif diberikan aquades; kelompok control positif K2 diberikan CCl₄; kelompok perlakuan K3, K4, dan K5 diberikan CCl4 dan Sun Chlorella 3,6 mg/200 gBB; 7,2 mg/200 gBB; 14,4 mg/200 gBB tikus berurutan. Uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji korelasi dan ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan bahwa pemberian Sun Chlorella 7,2 mg dan 14,4 mg meningkatkan kadar SOD pada tikus yang diinduksi CCl₄ secara bermakna (p=0,004; p=0,009). Kadar SOD berhubungan kuat dengan kadar aspartat aminotransferase/AST (r=−0,685; p=0,000) dan alanin aminotransferase/ALT (r=−0,659; p=0,000). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian Sun Chlorella meningkatkan kadar SOD pada tikus yang diinduksi CCl₄. Peningkatan kadar SOD menyebabkan penurunan kadar AST dan ALT

Levels of Cortisol and Inflammatory Cytokines after The Induction of Various Sleep Deprivation Stress Models in Male Wistar Rats

Sleep deprivation (SD) can modulate the production of various cytokines, including pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) increases the risk of inflammation but can be relieved by sleep recovery (SR). This study aimed to determine the differences in levels of cortisol and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, dan IFN-γ) in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) after induction of various sleep deprivation stress models. Twenty-five of male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, PSD (20 hours of SD/day for five days), Total Sleep Deprivation or TSD (24 hours of SD/day for five days), PSD+SR (PSD followed by SR), and TSD+SR (TSD followed by SR). The plasma cortisol levels were measured with ELISA, and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured with immunoassay and calculated with fold change. Mean cortisol levels were significantly increased in treatment groups compared to the control group (p=0.029). Multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant difference in inflammatory cytokine levels of IL-6 (p=0.658), IL-10 (p=0.065), TNF-α (p=0.399), and IFN-γ (p=0.283) in all groups. In conclusion, various sleep deprivation stress models affect cortisol levels but not inflammatory cytokine levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ among male Wistar rats

Prediktor Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) Melalui Pemeriksaan Profil Lipid (HDL, LDL, Trigliserid) Menggunakan Rumus Castelli Dan Indeks Aterogenik Plasma (AIP) di Desa Srowot Kecamatan Kalibagor Kabupaten Banyumas

Kolesterol berkaitan erat dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner atau PJK. Kolesterol yang terlalu banyak di dalam pembuluh darah akan menyebabkan akumulasi plak kolesterol atau sering disebut aterosklerosis. Pemeriksaan kolesterol lengkap yang meliputi low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), trigliserida, dan kolesterol total dapat memberikan gambaran atau prediktor resiko PJK dengan menggunakan rumus indeks Castelli dan Indeks aterogenik plasma (IAP). Pemeriksaan kolesterol lengkap dilaksanakan bekerja sama dengan Kader Posyandu, Bidan Desa, dan Perangkat Desa dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 48 orang yang terdiri dari 40 perempuan dan laki-laki sebanyak 8 orang. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa resiko PJK dengan menggunakan indeks Castelli sebagian besar warga memiliki resiko rendah sebanyak 69% dibanding resiko sedang 27% dan resiko tinggi sebanyak 4 %. Sedangkan dengan menggunakan IAP, menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mengalami resiko tinggi PJK sebanyak 38%, resiko sedang 52%, dan resiko rendah hanya mencapai 10%. Kegiatan ini diharapkan menjadi bahan evaluasi bagi warga agar lebih memperhatikan pola makan yang dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya PJK, dengan mengurangi makanan-makanan yang mengandung kolesterol yang tingg