Performance of Signal Strength prediction in Data transmission Using Elliott wave Theory

The article describes an algorithm for predicting the future signals with the aid of past signal samples. In the real signal processing environment, the amplitude and unsystematic in phase signal are lead to more complex to estimation the signal, thereby, customer service is enhanced by forecast. The forecast of financial marketplace are usually done by means of Elliot wave theory. In this article possibility and applicability survey of the EW Theory is proposed in the paper towards the power of the signal forecast. In nature, the EW theory has free declining environment, and also uncomfortable based on the customer and base station and height of the antenna. The proposed algorithm has tested in real life conditions, considering both, the pedestrian persons and the people travelling at 60 Km/Hr. Consequently, the predicted result incorporates the practical signal strength based on increasing distribution utility, signal to intervention noise ratio (SNR) and instability at their subsequent time. The end result of the algorithm shows 68% of successful prediction

Adsorption of Chromium Ion by Acid Activated Low Cost Carbon-Kinetic, Mechanistic, Thermodynamic and Equilibrium Studies

A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from an indigenous waste by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing chromium ion. The parameters studied include agitation time, initial chromium ion concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Qm) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plots were 27.40, 26.06, 26.06 and 26.17 mg/g respectively at an initial pH of 7.0 at 30, 40, 50 and 60°C. The temperature variation study showed that the chromium ion adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the chromium ion solutions. Almost 70% removal of chromium ion was observed at 60°C. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms obtained, positive ∆H0 value, pH dependent results and desorption of dye in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of chromium ion on PDC involves physisorption mechanism

Comparative Study on the Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Metal Ions onto Acid Activated Low Cost Pandanus Carbon

Batch experiments were carried out for the sorption of Copper and Ferrous ions onto acid activated carbon prepared. The operating variables studied were initial metal ion concentration, pH, and temperature and contact time. The equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations. From this adsorption efficiency, adsorption energy, adsorption capacity, intensity of adsorption and dimensionless separation factor were calculated. From the kinetic studies the rate constant values for the adsorption process was calculated. From the effect of temperature thermodynamic parameters like ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° were calculated. The mechanism of adsorption for metal ions onto carbon was investigated by using the experimental results and confirmed by FT- IR, XRD and SEM images

Rhodamine B Adsorption- Kinetic, Mechanistic and Thermodynamic Studies

Adsorption of rhodamine B from aqueous solution on the surface of Moringa oliefera bark carbon was accomplished under the optimize conditions of temperature, concentration, pH, contact time and quantity of adsorbent. Spectrometric technique was used for the measurements of concentration of dye before and after adsorption. The percentage removal of rhodamine B was calculated. The values of % adsorption data for Moringa oliefera bark carbon system show better adsorption capacity. The experimental data are fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations. The values of their corresponding constant were determined from the slope and intercepts of their respective plots. Thermodynamic parameters like ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0 were calculated. Rhodamine B-Moringa oliefera bark carbon system shows spontaneous and endothermic behaviour. The results of these investigations suggested that natural adsorbents can be utilized as adsorbent materials, because of their selectivity's for the removal of dyes

Adsorption of Chromium Ions by Acid Activated Low Cost Carbon-Kinetic,Thermodynamic and Equilibrium Studies

A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from an indigenous waste, by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing metal ions. The process parameters studied include agitation time, initial metal ions concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Qm) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plot were found to around 30 mg/g at an initial pH of 7.0. The temperature variation study showed that the metal ions adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the metal ion solutions. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms obtained, positive ΔH0 value, pH dependent results and desorption of metal ions in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of metal ions on BBC involves chemisorption as well as physisorption mechanism

Kinetic, Mechanistic, Thermodynamic and Equilibrium Studies on the Adsorption of Rhodamine B by Acid Activated Low Cost Carbon

Abstract: A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from an indigenous waste by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing Rhodamine B (RDB). The parameters studied include agitation time, initial dye concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Q m ) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plots were 51.546, 47.236, 44.072 and 41.841 mg/g respectively at an initial pH of 7.0 at 30, 40, 50 and 60 0 C. The temperature variation study showed that the Rhodamine B adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the Rhodamine B solutions. Almost 90% removal of Rhodamine B was observed at 60 0 C. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms obtained, positive H 0 value, pH dependent results and desorption of dye in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of Rhodamine B on PSC involves physisorption mechanism

Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Malachite Green Dye Unto Acid Activated Low Cost Carbon.

A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from an indigenous waste by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing Malachite green (MG). The parameters studied include agitation time, initial dye concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Qm) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plot were 9.7377, 9.6246, 9.6339, 9.5693 mg/g respectively at an initial pH of 6.0 at 30, 40, 50 and 60\ub0C. The temperature variation study showed that the Malachite green adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the Malachite green solutions. Almost 80% removal of Malachite green was observed at 60\ub0C. The type I and II isotherm obtained, positive \u394H\ub0 value, pH dependent results and desorption of dye in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of Malachite green on PDC involves chemisorption as well as physisorption mechanism

Rhodamine B adsorption by activated carbon: Kinetic and equilibrium studies

38-45A carbonaceous adsorbent (TPC) prepared from Thespusia populinia bark by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing Rhodamine B (RDB). The parameters studied include agitation time, initial dye concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Qm) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plots were 60.836, 64.239, 68.695 and 77.178 mg/g respectively at an initial pH of 7.0 at 30, 40, 50 and 60ºC. The temperature variation study showed that the RDB adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the RDB solutions. Almost 79% removal of RDB was observed at 60ºC. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms obtained, positive ΔHº value, pH dependent results and desorption of dye in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of RDB on TPC involves physisorption mechanism

Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of malachite green dye unto acid activated low cost carbon.

A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from an indigenous waste by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing Malachite green (MG). The parameters studied include agitation time, initial dye concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Qm) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plot were 9.7377, 9.6246, 9.6339, 9.5693 mg/g respectively at an initial pH of 6.0 at 30, 40, 50 and 60°C. The temperature variation study showed that the Malachite green adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the Malachite green solutions. Almost 80% removal of Malachite green was observed at 60°C. The type I and II isotherm obtained, positive ΔH° value, pH dependent results and desorption of dye in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of Malachite green on PDC involves chemisorption as well as physisorption mechanism

Kinetic, Mechanistic, Thermodynamic and Equilibrium Studies on the Adsorption of Rhodamine B by Acid Activated Low Cost Carbon

A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from an indigenous waste by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing Rhodamine B (RDB). The parameters studied include agitation time, initial dye concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Qm) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plots were 51.546, 47.236, 44.072 and 41.841 mg/g respectively at an initial pH of 7.0 at 30, 40, 50 and 60°C. The temperature variation study showed that the Rhodamine B adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the Rhodamine B solutions. Almost 90% removal of Rhodamine B was observed at 60°C. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms obtained, positive ΔH0 value, pH dependent results and desorption of dye in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of Rhodamine B on PSC involves physisorption mechanism