Ziziphus Lotus and Euphorbia bupleuroides Algerian Honeys

Two Algerian honey types of semi-arid regions are characterized. Botanical origin is controlled by qualitative and quantitative melissopalynology. Based on dendrograms test, the 27 studied samples were classified into three homogeneous groups. The control analyzes showed that they are of good quality in agreement with the Codex Alimentarius. For discriminating between groups, physico-chemical parameters and phenolic and sugar composition were measured. But it is only the pH, free acidity, electrical conductivity and specific rotation that were powerful to differentiate unifloral Ziziphus Lotus group, Euphorbia and multiforal honeys containing Ziziphus . Ziziphus lotus honey presented specific characteristics, with high pH (4.96 ± 0.91), dextrogyrous specific rotation (-1.41 ± 7.55°) and high diastase activity (36.06 ± 10.06). While, Euphorbia honeys were within honey standards, with poor proline content (114.3 ± 30.3ppm) and low Diastase activity (14.6 ± 4.1Ush).The mineral fraction of ziziphus honey reveals the predominance of potassium, calcium and sodium with a constant presence of iron and magnesium. Finally, correlations analysis suggests the existence of a strong relationship between color and flavonoïd fraction, which is present in significant amounts (15-30 mg EQ/100g) compared to rates usually found in European monofloral honeys (1-6 mg EQ/100g), which is remarquabl

Study of Some Biocontrol Bacterial Isolates and Evaluation of Their Antifungal and Insecticidal Effects

The biological control of phytopathogenic diseases and other pests by the introduction of microorganisms beneficial of the rhizosphere has been proposed as an alternative to chemical control. The objective of our work is to determine the elements on which this interaction between antagonistic bacteria and bioagressors of cultures such as secondary metabolites, is based. The present work involves the identification of a collection of strains belonging to the Bacillus genus with the demonstration of the synthesis of secondary metabolites such as enzymes with hydrolytic effect and the characterization of their bioactive molecules as well as the study of their effect antagonist against Verticillium dahliae agent of the verticilliose and insecticidal effect against Galleria mellonela. These isolats are from the rhizosphere soil of three cultivated plants (Nèfle, Barley and potato) in the region of Boumerdes (North Algeria). The macroscopic and microscopic identification tests allowed us to select strains with characteristics identical to those of Bacillus sp. The study of the different enzymes (amylase, cellulase, chitinase, caseinase) show for the majority of strains a good production, which explains their efficiency against Verticillium dahliae. In fact, the biological control tests carried out in vitro by these bacterial strains have shown that it is possible to limit the incidence of V. dahliae and that the use of this biological treatment makes it possible to maintain the disease at an acceptable threshold. These strains can therefore have a role in antagonism and plant biostimulation. Concerning the insecticidal effect of bacteria on the larvae of the wax moth Galleria mellonella, very significant results are achieved with 100%25 mortality recorded 8 days after treatment at the high dose (1.10 7 ufc%252Fml). It appears that these isolates could find their place in biotechnological applications aimed at improving yields and preserving the environment for sustainable development

Efficacy of Toxins and Spores of a Local Rhizobacterial Strain Bacillus clausii (MT305787) against the Wax Moth Galleria mellonella

To reduce the dependence of the agricultural sector on chemical inputs, the use of biopesticides is becoming increasingly effective and advocated, the formulation of biocides based on microorganisms is a more efficient solution. Our work is based on exploiting the larvicidal potential of a bacterial strain (B8) of the genus Bacillus against the fifth instar larvae of the hive moth Galleria Mellonella. The bacterial strain used in the current study was isolated from medlar rhizosphere in the region of Boumerdes (located in the north of Algeria). 16s RNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis affiliate it with the species Bacillus clausii

Etude sur le comportement de consommation du miel en Algérie : attentes et préférences

Cette étude tente de dresser un portrait, dans le contexte actuel de la filière apicole, de la perception du consommateur algérien du miel, de ses attentes et de ses préférences. Une enquête de consommation a été enclenchée sur une population de 800 répondants (questionnaire) de 20 wilayates. Les résultats montrent que l’algérien consomme environ 0,200 kg/an/h. Ces niveaux de consommations restent très faibles, donnant au miel une part insignifiante du régime alimentaire comparé à tous les bienfaits qu’il en attend. Le consommateur algérien considère le miel comme médicament, ses préférences se portent sur les miels foncés, liquides, emballés dans des bocaux en verre, mais il est dans la confusion totale quant au circuit commercial de celui-ci ; de ce fait, il se procure ses miels par les circuits informels et par des rapports de confiance ou se tourne vers les miels d’importation présents dans les commerces, Sans être sure de la qualité de ces produit

Effects of Pollen Deprivation in Groups of Tellian (Apis mellifera intermissa) and Saharan (Apis mellifera sahariensis) Honey Bees under Controlled Conditions

Worldwide, honey bees are increasingly faced with periods of pollen scarcity, which can lead to nutritional deficiencies, especially of proteins and amino acids. These are essential for the proper functioning of the single organism and the colony. To understand how bees react to protein deficiency, under controlled conditions, we studied the effect of pollen deficiency on the main physiological parameters in two subspecies endemic of Algeria, Apis mellifera intermissa and Apismellifera sahariensis. Emerging workers of both subspecies were reared with two diets: one was pollen-fed, whereas the other pollen-deprived. Several physiological criteria were measured depending on the type of diet and subspecies: the survival of the bees, the amount of total protein in the hemolymph, hypopharyngeal glands development and the ovary development of workers. These last three parameters were assessed at three different ages (7, 14 and 21 days). At birth, sahariensis workers weighed more than intermissa. With the same protein diet, the average life expectancy of sahariensis was extended by 5.55 days compared to intermissa. Even if deprived of pollen, sahariensis lived longer than intermissa fed with pollen (p < 0.001). In the three age levels, the hypopharyngeal glands were more developed and less affected by pollen deficiency (p < 0.001) in sahariensis than in intermissa (p < 0.001). The total hemolymph protein was higher in intermissa than in sahariensis regardless of the diet, and was also higher in protein-fed than in deprived bees (p < 0.001). The ovaries developed more rapidly with a high proportion in intermissa than in sahariensis (p < 0.05) regardless of the diet, and was also higher in the bees fed with pollen than those deprived (p < 0.05). Pollen deficiency generates physiological alterations and modifications, the amplitude of which varied according to the subspecies of the bee studied

Occurrence and diversity of barley yellow dwarf virus in Algeria

Cereals are prone to viral infections and the economic impact of these has increased in recent years. Among these diseases barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is one of the most destructive diseases of cereals today. For three consecutive years (2014–2015–2016) surveys were carried out in order to search for BYDV species (BYDV-PAV and -MAV) as well as other cereal viruses, wheat spindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV), southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) and barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) in seven regions of Algeria (Algiers, Boumerdes, Tipaza Médéa, Adrar, Khenchla and Batna)