14 research outputs found
Canadian Lutheran World Relief and the Lutheran Immigration Board of Canada
Webinar 3 of the For the Sake of the Gospel Series was a participant-engagement webinar, whereas previous webinars were teaching sessions. Webinar participants consented to having their engagements recorded and used for educational purposes; some interactions from the public CHAT are included
Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates.
Deadwood is a large global carbon store with its store size partially determined by biotic decay. Microbial wood decay rates are known to respond to changing temperature and precipitation. Termites are also important decomposers in the tropics but are less well studied. An understanding of their climate sensitivities is needed to estimate climate change effects on wood carbon pools. Using data from 133 sites spanning six continents, we found that termite wood discovery and consumption were highly sensitive to temperature (with decay increasing >6.8 times per 10°C increase in temperature)-even more so than microbes. Termite decay effects were greatest in tropical seasonal forests, tropical savannas, and subtropical deserts. With tropicalization (i.e., warming shifts to tropical climates), termite wood decay will likely increase as termites access more of Earth's surface
Accurate Trace Element Reporting in Corundum: Development of Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Relative Sensitivity Factors
The attractive physical and chemical properties of corundum lend to this materialâs importance in both its natural and synthetic forms. However, much of the quantitative work performed on this material is plagued by unknown inaccuracy as nonâmatrix matched reference materials are used. To conduct accurate quantitative analysis using SIMS, matrixâspecific relative sensitivity factors (RSFs) were determined for eighteen trace elements in corundum using doseâverified ionâimplants. The RSF values ranged from 2.56 Ă 10ÂČÂČ cmâ»Âč to 3.29 Ă 10ÂČ⎠with total combined uncertainty values ranging from 7â10%. The RSF values, which are related to ionisation potentials, showed trends consistent with expectations for an insulating oxide. The developed values were applied to calibrate reference materials for LAâICPâMS and to study other natural and synthetic corundum samples. A measurement reference material calibrated for Mg, Si, Ti, V, Fe and Ga produced consistent results over ten sessions in four years with relative standard deviations per trace element of 5% or less, confirming the repeatability of our process. A key finding was that calibrating LAâICPâMS with NIST SRM 610 and 612 glasses to analyse corundum resulted in underâreporting trace elements Be, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Ni and Ga compared with using matrixâmatched reference materials
Accurate Trace Element Reporting in Corundum: Development of Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Relative Sensitivity Factors
The attractive physical and chemical properties of corundum lend to this materialâs importance in both its natural and synthetic forms. However, much of the quantitative work performed on this material is plagued by unknown inaccuracy as nonâmatrix matched reference materials are used. To conduct accurate quantitative analysis using SIMS, matrixâspecific relative sensitivity factors (RSFs) were determined for eighteen trace elements in corundum using doseâverified ionâimplants. The RSF values ranged from 2.56 Ă 10ÂČÂČ cmâ»Âč to 3.29 Ă 10ÂČ⎠with total combined uncertainty values ranging from 7â10%. The RSF values, which are related to ionisation potentials, showed trends consistent with expectations for an insulating oxide. The developed values were applied to calibrate reference materials for LAâICPâMS and to study other natural and synthetic corundum samples. A measurement reference material calibrated for Mg, Si, Ti, V, Fe and Ga produced consistent results over ten sessions in four years with relative standard deviations per trace element of 5% or less, confirming the repeatability of our process. A key finding was that calibrating LAâICPâMS with NIST SRM 610 and 612 glasses to analyse corundum resulted in underâreporting trace elements Be, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Ni and Ga compared with using matrixâmatched reference materials
Accurate Trace Element Reporting in Corundum: Development of Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Relative Sensitivity Factors
The attractive physical and chemical properties of corundum lend to this materialâs importance in both its natural and synthetic forms. However, much of the quantitative work performed on this material is plagued by unknown inaccuracy as nonâmatrixâmatched reference materials are used. To conduct accurate quantitative analysis using SIMS, matrixâspecific relative sensitivity factors (RSFs) were determined for eighteen trace elements in corundum using doseâverified ion implants. The RSF values ranged from 2.56 Ă 1022 to 3.29 Ă 1024 cmâ1 with total combined uncertainty values ranging from 7 to 10%. The RSF values, which are related to ionisation potentials, showed trends consistent with expectations for an insulating oxide. The developed values were applied to calibrate reference materials for LAâICPâMS and to study other natural and synthetic corundum samples. A measurement reference material calibrated for Mg, Si, Ti, V, Fe and Ga produced consistent results over ten sessions in 4 years with relative standard deviations per trace element of 5% or less, confirming the repeatability of our process. A key finding was that calibrating LAâICPâMS with NIST SRM 610 and 612 glasses to analyse corundum resulted in underâreporting trace elements Be, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Ni and Ga compared with using matrixâmatched reference materials
At the Interfaces of the Hydrologic Sciences: Connecting Water, Elements, Ecosystems, and People Through the Major Contributions of Dr. Emily Bernhardt
In this paper, we describe the major contributions of Professor Emily Bernhardt to the hydrologic sciences. Dr. Bernhardtâs work addresses how carbon, nutrient, and contaminant dynamics respond to a wide range of environmental perturbations that alter hydrologic dynamics within and connectivity among ecosystems. Her research leverages intensive and extensive field sampling, experimental manipulations, macroscale data harmonization and exploration, and continental to global-scale synthesis activities to uncover key drivers and patterns of the impacts human perturbations have on water and elemental cycles. Dr. Bernhardtâs research program is defined by her ability to ask questions and use approaches that explicitly consider connectivity and interfaces in a variety of ways. Here, we highlight significant contributions from Dr. Bernhardtâs work, organized by connectivity, interfaces, and interactions among and across (1) elemental cycles, (2) ecosystems, (3) watersheds, (4) scales, and (5) disciplines. We conclude with a section on Dr. Bernhardtâs impact on the hydrologic sciences and beyond through her exceptional dedication to mentorship, engagement, and service
Recommended from our members
Topical netarsudil for the treatment of primary corneal endothelial degeneration in dogs
This study evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of the topical rho-kinase inhibitor netarsudil for canine primary corneal endothelial degeneration (PCED). Twenty-six eyes of 21 client-owned dogs with PCED were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, vehicle control clinical trial and received topical netarsudil 0.02% (RhopressaÂź) or vehicle control twice daily (BID) for the first 4 months. Then, all patients received netarsudil for the next 4 or 8 months. Complete ophthalmic examination, ultrasonic pachymetry, Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography, and in vivo confocal microscopy were performed at baseline and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 months. Effect of netarsudil on central corneal thickness (CCT), percentage of cornea with edema, and endothelial cell density (ECD) were evaluated by repeated measures ANOVA. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used to compare corneal edema and clinical progression of eyes in netarsudil versus vehicle control groups. All dogs developed conjunctival hyperemia in at least one eye while receiving netarsudil. Unilateral transient reticulated intraepithelial bullae and stromal hemorrhage were observed respectively in 2 dogs in the netarsudil group. Two dogs showed persistently decreased tear production while receiving netarsudil, requiring topical immunomodulatory treatment. No significant differences in CCT, ECD, corneal edema or clinical progression were observed between netarsudil or vehicle treated eyes. When comparing efficacy of topical netarsudil BID and topical ripasudil 0.4% administered four times daily from our previous study, dogs receiving ripasudil had significantly less progression than those receiving netarsudil
Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates
Deadwood is a large global carbon store with its store size partially determined by biotic decay. Microbial wood decay rates are known to respond to changing temperature and precipitation. Termites are also important decomposers in the tropics but are less well studied. An understanding of their climate sensitivities is needed to estimate climate change effects on wood carbon pools. Using data from 133 sites spanning six continents, we found that termite wood discovery and consumption were highly sensitive to temperature (with decay increasing >6.8 times per 10°C increase in temperature)âeven more so than microbes. Termite decay effects were greatest in tropical seasonal forests, tropical savannas, and subtropical deserts. With tropicalization (i.e., warming shifts to tropical climates), termite wood decay will likely increase as termites access more of Earthâs surface.</p