China : global crisis avoided, robust economic growth sustained

This paper explores how the ongoing crisis, the policy responses to it, and the post-crisis global economy will impact China's medium-term prospects for growth, poverty reduction, and development. The paper reviews China's pre-crisis growth experience, including its relationship to global economic developments. It discusses the pace, composition, sources, and financing of growth during 1995-2007, and the impact of key external and domestic influences. The paper also analyzes the immediate impact of the global crisis on China's economic performance in 2009 and its likely impact in the short run. It then discusses the government's policy response, with a particular focus on the fiscal and monetary stimulus measures. Finally, the paper explores China's medium-term growth prospects in light of the crisis and the key policies for moving to a robust and sustainable growth path post-crisis.Debt Markets,Economic Theory&Research,Emerging Markets,Currencies and Exchange Rates,Access to Finance

The Effect of Propolis on Cytokines during Dental Pulp Inflammation

In vitro and in vivo assays as well as animal model\ud experiments demonstrated that propolis and its component\ud has strong anti-inflammatory activity thereby could be\ud effective to treat dental pulp inflammation. One of the antiinflammatory\ud mechanism of propolis is by inhibited cytokines\ud production, although the other mechanisms are not\ud fully understand. Human have been using propolis for a\ud long time, so scientific-based information has important\ud role for further studies on the investigation of propolis to\ud opening the new prespective, mainly with respect to the\ud immune system.Propolis has been used empirically for centuries because of its several biological and\ud pharmacological properties. It was always mentioned as an anti-inflammatory agent. When dental\ud pulp has inflammation, several mediators will be produced by innate immune cells. Cytokines are\ud proteins released from cells in inflammatory process. In recent years, in vitro and in vivo assays\ud provided information concerning about propolis and cytokines, thus a review dealing with the effect of\ud propolis on cytokines during dental pulp inflammation became imperative. This review complied data\ud from our study as well as from other researchers, focusing on its chemical composition on\ud inflammatory process. Its anti-inflammatory property, considering its effect on interleukin, tumour\ud necrosis factor, transforming growth factor as well as other cytokines during dental pulp inflammation\ud are discussed. In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that propolis could inhibit inflammation\ud process in dental pulp. Since humans have used propolis for many inflammation diseases and\ud propolis-containing products have been marketed, the knowledge of its properties with scientific\ud basis is not only of academic interest but also of those who use propolis as well. This review opens a\ud new prespective on the investigation of propolis, mainly with respect to the immune system

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Pembelajaran dengan Metode Drill And Ppractice Berbasis Android di SMA AL-FALAH Ketintang

This research is motivated by the problems of the activities of intensive exercises that applied to students of class XII, considering the student will face national exam (UNAS). This activity is done manually using paper, and made within the last 3 months XII class teaching and learning process. In the course of intensive exercises having some problems such as: the lack of time the application of intensive activity exercises, the use of the manual system causes the resulting information is still static and not give actual information, and lack the information needed to monitor the development activities of teacher-intensive exercises. To overcome some of these obstacles, constructed a plan to build learning applications with drill and practice-based methods android, or the so-called D-SMART. D-SMART has a function Deliver exercises, Notification of new matter. In addition to overcoming determine the achievement of performance is D-SMART method produces an output in the form of graphs and details. D-SMART can help the implementation of intensive exercises which have reduced hours class XII student learning. Time intensive exercises with drill and practice methods are becoming increasingly enhanced, the start of class X in order to get the best value when students face national exam (UNAS

Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap Terhadap Mutu Pelayanan di Rumah Sakit Hidayah Boyolali

Hidayah Boyolali hospital is one private hospital in Central Java province. From the data obtained in February 2014 the number of visits for inpatients at the hospital had decreased and continued to decline until May 2014. The decline in the number of patient visits can occur either because the patients were less satisfied or dissatisfied with the services which provided at the hospital. This study aims to analyzed inpatient satisfaction for the quality of services at the Hospital Hidayah Boyolali and identify which attributes should be main priority and maintained. This research method is descriptive qualitative using Servqual. The population in the study were all inpatients, whereas the number of samples in this study were 50 people. Gap between customers’ service expectations and their perceptions analized by using Cartesius cart. The results of the analysis with the Cartesius cart shows two attributes are included in quadrant A, the first is the doctors and nurses are fast in providing the needed services, the second is the doctors and nurses are listened patiently to the patient's complaints. Two of these attributes should be a priority by Hidayah hospital in an effort to improve their service quality, because these two attributes are considered very important by patients, but instead it’s not yet in line with patients expectations. Keywords : Service Quality, Satisfaction, Cartesius Car

First assessment of the plant phenology index (PPI) for estimating gross primary productivity in African semi-arid ecosystems

The importance of semi-arid ecosystems in the global carbon cycle as sinks for CO2 emissions has recently been highlighted. Africa is a carbon sink and nearly half its area comprises arid and semi-arid ecosystems. However, there are uncertainties regarding CO2 fluxes for semi-arid ecosystems in Africa, particularly savannas and dry tropical woodlands. In order to improve on existing remote-sensing based methods for estimating carbon uptake across semi-arid Africa we applied and tested the recently developed plant phenology index (PPI). We developed a PPI-based model estimating gross primary productivity (GPP) that accounts for canopy water stress, and compared it against three other Earth observation-based GPP models: the temperature and greenness model, the greenness and radiation model and a light use efficiency model. The models were evaluated against in situ data from four semi-arid sites in Africa with varying tree canopy cover (3 to 65 percent). Evaluation results from the four GPP models showed reasonable agreement with in situ GPP measured from eddy covariance flux towers (EC GPP) based on coefficient of variation, root-mean-square error, and Bayesian information criterion. The PPI-based GPP model was able to capture the magnitude of EC GPP better than the other tested models. The results of this study show that a PPI-based GPP model is a promising tool for the estimation of GPP in the semi-arid ecosystems of Africa.Comment: Accepted manuscript; 12 pages, 4 tables, 9 figure

Antioxidant Activity of Apis Mellifera SP. Propolis Extract From Java (Indonesia)

Propolis was one of natural antioxidant source in the flavonoid and phenolic acid form. The propolis antioxidant potential was influenced by the plant factors that grow in geographic area wherein the bees alive. The propolis biological effect was known and have been used since antiquity. This research was intended to investigate the propolis antioxidant potential originating from Java (Indonesia). The method that was used to test its antioxidant character with the total of flavonoid activity test and the total of phenol. The strength for its antioxidant was measured by DPPH IC50 test. The result was obtained that propolis antioxidant potential from Java has a very strong potency with DPPH 35,6 µg/ml. The conclusion was Apis Mellifera sp propolis from Java has a high potential to be developed. The high drug activity and propolis therapeutic effectiveness were expected to giving a positive value and contribution to dentistry practice

Modeling, simulation, and design criteria for photoelectrochemical water-splitting systems

A validated multi-physics numerical model that accounts for charge and species conservation, fluid flow, and electrochemical processes has been used to analyze the performance of solar-driven photoelectrochemical water-splitting systems. The modeling has provided an in-depth analysis of conceptual designs, proof-of-concepts, feasibility investigations, and quantification of performance. The modeling has led to the formulation of design guidelines at the system and component levels, and has identified quantifiable gaps that warrant further research effort at the component level. The two characteristic generic types of photoelectrochemical systems that were analyzed utilized: (i) side-by-side photoelectrodes and (ii) back-to-back photoelectrodes. In these designs, small electrode dimensions (mm to cm range) and large electrolyte heights were required to produce small overall resistive losses in the system. Additionally, thick, non-permeable separators were required to achieve acceptably low rates of product crossover