Zest: REST over ZeroMQ

In this paper, we introduce Zest (REST over ZeroMQ), a middleware technology in support of an Internet of Things (IoT). Our work is influenced by the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) but emphasises systems that can support fine-grained access control to both resources and audit information, and can provide features such as asynchronous communication patterns between nodes. We achieve this by using a hybrid approach that combines a RESTful architecture with a variant of a publisher/subscriber topology that has enhanced routing support. The primary motivation for Zest is to provide inter-component communications in the Databox, but it is applicable in other contexts where tight control needs to be maintained over permitted communication patterns

Estimativa da ploidia de bananeira pela avaliação da turgescência foliar com wiltmeter®.

A duplicação cromossômica de diploides permite produzir plantas autotetraploides férteis que ao se cruzarem com diploides melhorados geram triploides secundários, podendo, assim, introduzir resistência a pragas e outras características desejáveis nos híbridos gerados (SILVA et al., 2011). No entanto, em trabalhos dessa natureza, há geração de grande número de plantas com diferentes ploidias, tendo necessidade de identificar rapidamente os autotetraplóides a serem mantidos, com o descarte das plantas com as demais ploidias. Para isso, faz-se necessário o uso de métodos diretos (contagem de cromossomos e citometria de fluxo) e indiretos (caracterização anatômica, como diâmetro do grão de pólen, número e tamanho de cloroplastídeos, tamanho de células) (SOUZA; QUEIROZ, 2004), para estimar a ploidia das plantas duplicadas

Reactivation of low avidity tumor-specific CD8+ T cells associates with immunotherapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1

Data availability statement: Data are available on reasonable request. RNA sequencing data have been deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) under accession number GSE221590. All algorithms used for RNAseq analysis were publicly available R packages. Additional information required is available from the lead contact on request.Background: CD8+ T cells are a highly diverse population of cells with distinct phenotypic functions that can influence immunotherapy outcomes. Further insights on the roles of CD8+ specificities and TCR avidity of naturally arising tumor-specific T cells, where both high and low avidity T cells recognizing the same peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) coexist in the same tumor, are crucial for understanding T cell exhaustion and resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy. Methods: CT26 models were treated with anti-PD-1 on days 3, 6 and 9 following subcutaneous tumor implantation generating variable responses during early tumor development. Tetramer staining was performed to determine the frequency and avidity of CD8+ T cells targeting the tumor-specific epitope GSW11 and confirmed with tetramer competition assays. Functional characterization of high and low avidity GSW11-specific CD8+ T cells was conducted using flow cytometry and bulk RNA-seq. In vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo adoptive transfer experiments were performed to determine the cytotoxicity of high and low avidity populations. Results: Treatment success with anti-PD-1 was associated with the preferential expansion of low avidity (Tetlo) GSW11-specific CD8+ T cells with Vβ TCR expressing clonotypes. High avidity T cells (Tethi), if present, were only found in progressing PD-1 refractory tumors. Tetlo demonstrated precursor exhausted or progenitor T cell phenotypes marked by higher expression of Tcf-1 and T-bet, and lower expression of the exhaustion markers CD39, PD-1 and Eomes compared with Tethi, whereas Tethi cells were terminally exhausted. Transcriptomics analyses showed pathways related to TCR signaling, cytotoxicity and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly enriched in Tetlo found in both regressing and progressing tumors compared with Tethi, whereas genes related to DNA damage, apoptosis and autophagy were downregulated. In vitro studies showed that Tetlo exhibits higher cytotoxicity than Tethi. Adoptive transfer of Tetlo showed more effective tumor control than Tethi, and curative responses were achieved when Tetlo was combined with two doses of anti-PD-1. Conclusions: Targeting subdominant T cell responses with lower avidity against pMHC affinity neoepitopes showed potential for improving PD-1 immunotherapy. Future interventions may consider expanding low avidity populations via vaccination or adoptive transfer.Worldwide Cancer Research Fund (20-0229) awarded to TE and Cancer Research UK Programme Grant (A28279) awarded to TE and EJ

Maternal Perception of Child Weight Among Mexicans in California and Mexico

The prevalence of childhood overweight is high in Mexican immigrant communities in the United States. Understanding mother’s perceptions of child weight in immigrants’ country of origin may help to understand this high prevalence. The goal of this study was to examine and compare mothers’ perception of weight in Mexico (MX) and in an immigrant community in California (CA). We assessed perceptions of child weight using a pictorial scale with 314 mothers of 5-year-old children in MX and 60 mothers of 5 year-old-children in CA. We compared maternal reports with children’s objectively measured weight. Using chi-square and Analysis of Variance, we investigated associations of maternal perception of and satisfaction with weight according to socio-demographic characteristics. Mothers were more likely to underestimate their children’s weight in CA than in MX. On average, CA mothers wanted their children to be smaller than they currently were and mothers in MX wanted their children to be bigger than they currently were. This differed by weight status in CA with mothers of normal weight and at-risk-for-overweight children wanting them to be bigger and mothers of overweight children wanting them to be smaller. In order for programs to be effective, mothers must be able to recognize their children as overweight and want to address it. Because underestimation of weight and a desire for a larger size is common in this population, programs to address overweight may be more effective if they focus on alternative benefits of weight control strategies, such as healthy child development

Acculturation and use of health care services by Turkish and Moroccan migrants: a cross-sectional population-based study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is insufficient empirical evidence which shows if and how there is an interrelation between acculturation and health care utilisation. The present study seeks to establish this evidence within first generation Turkish and Moroccan migrants, two of the largest migrant groups in present-day Western Europe.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Data were derived from the Amsterdam Health Monitor 2004, and were complete for 358 Turkish and 288 Moroccan foreign-born migrants. Use of health services (general practitioner, outpatient specialist and health care for mental health problems) was measured by means of self-report. Acculturation was measured by a structured questionnaire grading (i) ethnic self-identification, (ii) social interaction with ethnic Dutch, (iii) communication in Dutch within one's private social network, (iv) emancipation, and (v) cultural orientation towards the public domain.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Acculturation was hardly associated with the use of general practitioner care. However, in case of higher adaptation to the host culture there was less uptake of outpatient specialist care among Turkish respondents (odds ratio [OR] = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82-0.99) and Moroccan male respondents (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.71-0.93). Conversely, there was a higher uptake of mental health care among Turkish men (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.71-0.93) and women (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.71-0.93). Uptake of mental health care among Moroccan respondents again appeared lower (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.55-0.99). Language ability appeared to play a central role in the uptake of health care.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Some results were in accordance with the popular view that an increased participation in the host society is concomitant to an increased use of health services. However, there was heterogeneity across ethnic and gender groups, and across the domains of acculturation. Language ability appeared to play a central role. Further research needs to explore this heterogeneity into more detail. Also, other cultural and/or contextual aspects that influence the use of health services require further identification.</p

Informe de pr?ctica profesional realizada en el CAPPS de Pedregal Centro Atenci?n Primaria

PregradoT?cnico en Registro M?dico y Estad?stica de Salu

Estimating the stochastic formulation of purchasing power parities: Allowing for spatial autocorrelation

When price levels of goods and services display spatial interdependence across regions or countries, the problem of spatial autocorrelation arises. In the context of multilateral index estimation, this phenomenon makes the disturbance term of the CCD stochastic formulation proposed by Prasada Rao and Selvanathan (1992a) spatially autocorrelated, leading to inefficient estimates of the multilateral indices and the purchasing power parities associated with these indices. In this study, a more generalised form of the stochastic formulation of the CCD multilateral index that accounts for spatial autocorrelation (GCCD(SA)) is explored. The presence of significant spatial autocorrelation among the estimated residuals of the CCD multilateral index model is also analysed and tested using the Moran's 'I' statistic with the aid of three alternative proximity measures namely, contiguity, distance and trade. All these three measures have shown their usefulness in the simultaneous estimation of the GCCD(SA) formulation. The results obtained indicate that with the existence of significant positive spatial autocorrelation among the price relatives of goods and services across countries, the GCCD(SA) specification is able to provide plausible, unbiased and efficient estimates of the multilateral indices for spatial comparisons, specifically the purchasing power parities

Incentivos y desincentivos a la actividad forestal en Panam?

CATIE (Centro Agron?mico Tropical de Investigaci?n y Ense?anza