72 research outputs found

    The influence of the net rainfall mixed Curve Number – Green Ampt procedure in flood hazard mapping: a case study in Central Italy

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    A net rainfall estimation procedure, referred to as Curve-Number For Green-Ampt (CN4GA), combining the Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number (SCS-CN) method and the Green and Ampt (GA) infiltration equation was recently developed, aiming to distribute at subdaily time resolution the information provided by the SCS-CN method. The initial abstraction and the total volume of rainfall provided by the SCS-CN method are used to identify the ponding time and to quantify the hydraulic conductivity parameter of the GA equation, whereas the GA infiltration model distributes the total volume of the rainfall excess provided by the SCS-CN method. In this study we evaluate the proposed procedure with reference to a real case comparing the flood mapping obtained applying the event-based approach for two different net rainfall scenarios: the proposed CN4GA and the common SCS-CN. Results underline that the net rainfall estimation step can affect the final flood mapping result

    Influence of Novel Norovirus GII.4 Variants on Gastroenteritis Outbreak Dynamics in Alberta and the Northern Territories, Canada between 2000 and 2008

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    BACKGROUND: Norovirus GII.4 is the predominant genotype circulating worldwide over the last decade causing 80% of all norovirus outbreaks with new GII.4 variants reported in parallel with periodic epidemic waves of norovirus outbreaks. The circulating new GII.4 variants and the epidemiology of norovirus outbreaks in Alberta, Canada have not been described. Our hypothesis is that the periodic epidemic norovirus outbreak activity in Alberta was driven by new GII.4 variants evolving by genetic drift. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The Alberta Provincial Public Health Laboratory performed norovirus testing using RT-PCR for suspected norovirus outbreaks in the province and the northern Territories between 2000 and 2008. At least one norovirus strain from 707 out of 1,057 (66.9%) confirmed norovirus outbreaks were successfully sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using BioNumerics and 617 (91.1%) outbreaks were characterized as caused by GII.4 with 598 assigned as novel variants including: GII.4-1996, GII.4-2002, GII.4-2004, GII.4-2006a, GII.4-2006b, GII.4-2008a and GII.4-2008b. Defining July to June of the following year as the yearly observation period, there was clear biannual pattern of low and high outbreak activity in Alberta. Within this biannual pattern, high outbreak activity followed the emergence of novel GII.4 variants. The two variants that emerged in 2006 had wider geographic distribution and resulted in higher outbreak activity compared to other variants. The outbreak settings were analyzed. Community-based group residence was the most common for both GII.4 variants and non-GII.4 variants. GII.4 variants were more commonly associated with outbreaks in acute care hospitals while outbreaks associated non-GII.4 variants were more commonly seen in school and community social events settings (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The emergence of new norovirus GII.4 variants resulted in an increased norovirus outbreak activity in the following season in a unique biannual pattern in Alberta over an eight year period. The association between antigenic drift of GII.4 strains and epidemic norovirus outbreak activity could be due to changes in host immunity, viral receptor binding efficiency or virulence factors in the new variants. Early detection of novel GII.4 variants provides vital information that could be used to forecast the norovirus outbreak burden, enhance public health preparedness and allocate appropriate resources for outbreak management

    Presentación al dossier “Griersons en tiempos de COVID-19. Condiciones laborales, conflictos y formas de protesta del sector enfermería en tiempos de pandemia”

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    Presentación al dossier “Griersons en tiempos de COVID-19. Condiciones laborales, conflictos y formas de protesta del sector enfermería en tiempos de pandemia

    ViolĂȘncia mediatizada: Entre a legitimação e a re-significação de prĂĄticas policiais violentas durante a pandemia de covid-19 na Argentina

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    El objetivo de este artĂ­culo es analizar cĂłmo las imĂĄgenes divulgadas por los medios de comunicaciĂłn de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires presentaron las intervenciones violentas de las fuerzas de seguridad en el contexto de la pandemia por covid-19. Para comprender este proceso se revisan un conjunto de casos cubiertos en 2020 por portales de medios grĂĄficos (en versiĂłn digital, hegemĂłnicos y alternativos) y de noticieros televisivos de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. El artĂ­culo se interroga sobre el sentido de lo violento de las imĂĄgenes durante la pandemia, sus legitimaciones y resignificaciones. Algunos resultados revelan que,durante la primera parte de la pandemia, los medios difundieron imĂĄgenes de hostiga- miento y violencia letal protagonizadas por personal policial mediante el empleo de fuentes ciudadanas (videos tomados por testigos de los hechos) y cĂĄmaras de seguridad como modo de denuncia moral y polĂ­tica, de las prĂĄcticas policiales. Cuando las medidas de aislamiento disminuyeron, los medios analizados ampliaron el uso de fuentes policiales y las imĂĄgenes de violencia mediatizadas tendieron a declinar, asĂ­ como tambiĂ©n el carĂĄcter de denuncia.The objective of this article is to analyze the role of the security forces in the context of the covid-19 pandemic towards vulnerable sectors of society and the use of images in the Argentine media. To understand this process, a set of cases covered by digital media and alternative portals of the city of Buenos Aires in 2020 are analyzed. We question the meaning of the violence of the images during the pandemic, their legitimizations and redefinitions in the public sphere. Some results allow us to affirm that, during the first part of the pandemic, the media disseminated images of harassment and lethal violence carried out by police personnel through the use of citizen sources (videos taken by witnesses of the events) and security cameras as a way of denunciation, moral and political, of police practices. When the isolation measures decreased, the analyzed media expanded the use of police sources and media images of violence tended to decline, as did the nature of denunciation.O objetivo deste artigo Ă© analisar o papel das forças de segurança no contexto da pandemia de covid-19 para setores vulnerĂĄveis da sociedade e o uso de imagens na mĂ­dia argentina. Para entender esse processo, analisa-se um conjunto de casos cobertos pela mĂ­dia digital e portais alternativos da cidade de Buenos Aires em 2020. Questionamos o significado da violĂȘncia das imagens durante a pandemia, suas legitimaçÔes e redefiniçÔes na esfera pĂșblica. Alguns resultados permitem afirmar que, durante a primeira parte da pandemia, a mĂ­dia divulgou imagens de assĂ©dio e violĂȘncia letal perpetradas por policiais por meio de fontes cidadĂŁs (vĂ­deos feitos por testemunhas dos fatos) e cĂąmeras de segurança como forma de denĂșncia, moral e polĂ­tica, das prĂĄticas policiais. Quando as medidas de isolamento diminuĂ­ram, a mĂ­dia analisada ampliou o uso de fontes policiais e as imagens midiĂĄticas de violĂȘncia tenderam a diminuir, assim como a natureza da denĂșncia.Fil: Calzado, Mercedes Celina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; ArgentinaFil: FernĂĄndez, Mariana Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; Argentin

    Different effects of a 50Hz Magnetic Field on human peripheral blood cells.

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    none6noneB. CANONICO; F. LUCHETTI; M. ARCANGELETTI; A. GAMBARARA; F. GRIANTI;S. PAPAB., Canonico; F., Luchetti; Arcangeletti, Marcella; A., Gambarara; F., Grianti; S., Pap

    MELATONIN PROTECTS HT22 CELLS FROM OKADAIC ACID-INDUCED CELL DEATH

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    none9noneLuchetti F; Canonico B ; Ferri P ; Arcangeletti M ; Cesarini E ; Galli L ; Buccella F ; Zamai L ; Papa S.Luchetti, Francesca; Canonico, Barbara; Ferri, Paola; Arcangeletti, Marcella; Cesarini, E.; Galli, Laura; Buccella, Flavia; Zamai, Loris; Papa, Stefan

    Different effects produced by Cytolethal Distending Toxin of Campylobacter Jejuni on HeLa cells

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    none7noneB. CANONICO; R. CAMPANA; M. ARCANGELETTI; E. VITTORIA; F. LUCHETTI; W. BAFFONE; S. PAPACanonico, Barbara; Campana, Raffaella; Arcangeletti, Marcella; Vittoria, Emanuela; Luchetti, Francesca; Baffone, Wally; Papa, Stefan

    NIEMANN PICK B LYMPHOCYTES SHOW AUTOPHAGIC STRESS FEATURES

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    none8noneCanonico B; Cesarini E; Arcangeletti M; Galli L; Zamai L; Palma F; Luchetti F; Papa S.Canonico, Barbara; Cesarini, E; Arcangeletti, Marcella; Galli, Laura; Zamai, Loris; Palma, Fulvio; Luchetti, Francesca; Papa, Stefan

    NK CYTOTOXIC FUNCTIONS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO APOPTOSIS OF HUMAN CD56BRIGHT NK CELLS DIFFERENTIATED IN VITRO

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    none8noneZamai L; Del Zotto G; Buccella F; Canonico B ; Luchetti F ; Arcangeletti M ; Palma F ; Papa SZamai, Loris; Del Zotto, G; Buccella, Flavia; Canonico, Barbara; Luchetti, Francesca; Arcangeletti, Marcella; Palma, Fulvio; Papa, Stefan

    Optogenetics and photopharmacology in pain research and therapeutics

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    Pain afflicts billions of people worldwide, who suffer especially from long-term chronic pain. This gruelling condition affects the nervous system at all levels: from the brain to the spinal cord, the Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) and the peripheral fibres innervating the skin. The nature of the different molecular and cellular components of the somatosensory modalities, as well as the complexity of the peripheral and central circuitry are yet poorly understood. Light-based techniques such as optogenetics, in concert with the recent advances in single-cell genetic profiling, can help to elucidate the role of diverse neuronal sub-populations in the encoding of different sensory and painful stimuli by switching these neurons on and off via optically active proteins, namely opsins. Recently, photopharmacology has emerged from the efforts made to advance optogenetics. The introduction of azo-benzene-based light-sensitive molecular switches has been applied to a wide variety of molecular targets, from ion channels and receptors to transporters, enzymes and many more, some of which are paramount for pain research and therapy. In this Review, we summarise the recent advances in the fields of optogenetics and photopharmacology and we discuss the use of light-based techniques for the study of acute and chronic pain physiology, as well as their potential for future therapeutic use to improve pain treatment
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