277 research outputs found
CARDIAC DAMAGE BIOMARKERS ARE AFFECTED BY TRAINING STATUS BUT NOT EXERCISE MODE OR ACE GENE
Akram Falahati 1,2, Yair Pincu1, & Hamid Arazi 2
1Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 2Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise mode on cardiac damage in young men and to test the contribution of training status and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE-I/D) polymorphism to exercise-associated cardiac damage. METHODS: We measured circulating levels of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in 29 trained and 27 untrained soccer players before and after moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) running tests. ACE-I/D polymorphism was evaluated from circulating leukocyte-derived DNA. RESULTS: Compared to untrained, trained soccer players had higher cTnI levels – independently of exercise mode (pre-exercise: 0.014±0.007 vs. 0.010±0.005 ng/mL; post HIIE: 0.031±0.008 vs. 0.0179±0.007 ng/mL and post MICE: 0.030±0.007 vs. 0.018±0.007 ng/mL in trained vs. untrained, respectively). No group differences were found in the NT-proBNP response to exercise. No within training-status group differences were found in cTnI levels across the three ACE-I/D polymorphism categories for trained (DD: 0.015±0.008 ng/mL; ID: 0.015±0.007 ng/mL; II: 0.014±0.008 ng/mL) and their untrained counterparts (DD: 0.010±0.004 ng/mL; ID: 0.011±0.004 ng/mL; II: 0.010±0.006 ng/mL). CONCLUSION: Training status but not exercise mode nor ACE-I/D polymorphism affected circulating markers of cardiac damage in young healthy men. Additionally, ACE genotype did not impacted biomarkers of cardiac damage in response to HIIE and MICE, suggesting that the ACE gene does not play a significant role in exercise-induced cardiac damage in young healthy men.
Keywords: ACE gene; exercise; hs-cTnI; NT-proBNP; soccer; traine
Comparison of 120Sn(6He,6He)120Sn and 120Sn(alpha,alpha)120Sn elastic scattering and signatures of the 6He neutron halo in the optical potential
Cross sections of Sn(,)Sn elastic scattering
have been extracted from the particle beam contamination of a recent
Sn(He,He)Sn experiment. Both reactions are analyzed
using systematic double folding potentials in the real part and smoothly
varying Woods-Saxon potentials in the imaginary part. The potential extracted
from the Sn(He,He)Sn data may be used as the basis for
the construction of a simple global He optical potential. The comparison of
the He and data shows that the halo nature of the He nucleus
leads to a clear signature in the reflexion coefficients : the relevant
angular momenta with and are shifted to
larger with a broader distribution. This signature is not present in the
scattering data and can thus be used as a new criterion for the
definition of a halo nucleus.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
First in-beam studies of a Resistive-Plate WELL gaseous multiplier
We present the results of the first in-beam studies of a medium size
(1010 cm) Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL): a single-sided THGEM
coupled to a pad anode through a resistive layer of high bulk resistivity
(10cm). The 6.2~mm thick (excluding readout electronics)
single-stage detector was studied with 150~GeV muons and pions. Signals were
recorded from 11 cm square copper pads with APV25-SRS readout
electronics. The single-element detector was operated in Ne\(5%
) at a gas gain of a few times 10, reaching 99
detection efficiency at average pad multiplicity of 1.2. Operation at
particle fluxes up to 10 Hz/cm resulted in 23 gain drop
leading to 5 efficiency loss. The striking feature was the
discharge-free operation, also in intense pion beams. These results pave the
way towards robust, efficient large-scale detectors for applications requiring
economic solutions at moderate spatial and energy resolutions.Comment: Accepted by JINS
Associação entre variantes do gene de leptina e obesidade e biomarcadores metabólicos em indivíduos brasileiros
OBJECTIVE: The relationship between variants of the leptin gene (LEP) and obesity and metabolic biomarkers was investigated in Brazilian individuals. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One-hundred-ten obese (BMI > 30 kg/m²) and 100 non-obese individuals (145 women and 65 men, aged 49 ± 14 years) were randomly selected. Plasma leptin, glycemia, serum lipid measurements and LEP -2548G>A and 3'HVR polymorphisms were analyzed. RESULTS: The LEP -2548GG genotype was associated with a 2.2% and 2.0% increase in BMI (p = 0.009) and plasma leptin (p = 0.031), respectively. 3'HVR I/II (classes I/I+I/II) genotypes contributed with 1.8% of BMI values (p = 0.046). LEP I/G combined genotypes (I/IGG, I/IGA and I/IIGG) were associated with obesity, and increased BMI, waist circumference, leptin and triglycerides (p < 0.05). These relationships were found in women (p < 0.05) but not in men. LEP I/G combined genotypes were not associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease. CONCLUSIONS: LEP I/G combined genotypes are associated with obesity-related metabolic biomarkers and phenotype in a gender-dependent manner.OBJETIVO: A relação entre as variantes do gene da leptina (LEP) e obesidade e biomarcadores metabólicos foi investigada em indivíduos brasileiros. SUJEITOS E MÉTOODS: Cento e dez indivíduos obesos (IMC > 30 kg/m²) e 100 não obesos (145 mulheres e 65 homens, idade 49 ± 14 anos) foram selecionados aleatoriamente. Leptina plasmática, glicemia, lípides séricos e polimorfismos LEP -2548G>A e 3'HVR foram analisados. RESULTADOS: O genótipo -2548GG foi associado com aumento de 2,2% e 2,0% no IMC (p = 0,009) e leptina plasmática (p = 0,031), respectivamente, enquanto os genótipos 3´HVR I/II (classes I/I+I/II) contribuíram com 1,8% dos valores de IMC (p = 0,046). Os genótipos combinados LEP I/G (I/IGG, I/IGA e I/IIGG) foram associados com obesidade e IMC aumentado, circunferência abdominal, leptina e triglicérides aumentados (p < 0,05). Essas relações foram encontradas em mulheres (p < 0,05), mas não em homens. Os genótipos LEP I/G combinados não foram associados com hipertensão, hiperglicemia, dislipidemia e doença arterial coronariana. CONCLUSÕES: Genótipos combinados LEP I/G são associados com biomarcadores metabólicos e fenótipo de obesidade de forma gênero-dependente
Integrated urine proteomics and renal single-cell genomics identify an interferon-γ response gradient in lupus nephritis.
Lupus nephritis, one of the most serious manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), has both a heterogeneous clinical and pathological presentation. For example, proliferative nephritis identifies a more aggressive disease class that requires immunosuppression. However, the current classification system relies on the static appearance of histopathological morphology which does not capture differences in the inflammatory response. Therefore, a biomarker grounded in the disease biology is needed to understand the molecular heterogeneity of lupus nephritis and identify immunologic mechanism and pathways. Here, we analyzed the patterns of 1000 urine protein biomarkers in 30 patients with active lupus nephritis. We found that patients stratify over a chemokine gradient inducible by interferon-gamma. Higher values identified patients with proliferative lupus nephritis. After integrating the urine proteomics with the single-cell transcriptomics of kidney biopsies, it was observed that the urinary chemokines defining the gradient were predominantly produced by infiltrating CD8 T cells, along with natural killer and myeloid cells. The urine chemokine gradient significantly correlated with the number of kidney-infiltrating CD8 cells. These findings suggest that urine proteomics can capture the complex biology of the kidney in lupus nephritis. Patient-specific pathways may be noninvasively tracked in the urine in real time, enabling diagnosis and personalized treatment
THGEM-based detectors for sampling elements in DHCAL: laboratory and beam evaluation
We report on the results of an extensive R&D program aimed at the evaluation
of Thick-Gas Electron Multipliers (THGEM) as potential active elements for
Digital Hadron Calorimetry (DHCAL). Results are presented on efficiency, pad
multiplicity and discharge probability of a 10x10 cm2 prototype detector with 1
cm2 readout pads. The detector is comprised of single- or double-THGEM
multipliers coupled to the pad electrode either directly or via a resistive
anode. Investigations employing standard discrete electronics and the KPiX
readout system have been carried out both under laboratory conditions and with
muons and pions at the CERN RD51 test beam. For detectors having a
charge-induction gap, it has been shown that even a ~6 mm thick single-THGEM
detector reached detection efficiencies above 95%, with pad-hit multiplicity of
1.1-1.2 per event; discharge probabilities were of the order of 1e-6 - 1e-5
sparks/trigger, depending on the detector structure and gain. Preliminary beam
tests with a WELL hole-structure, closed by a resistive anode, yielded
discharge probabilities of <2e-6 for an efficiency of ~95%. Methods are
presented to reduce charge-spread and pad multiplicity with resistive anodes.
The new method showed good prospects for further evaluation of very thin
THGEM-based detectors as potential active elements for DHCAL, with competitive
performances, simplicity and robustness. Further developments are in course.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, MPGD2011 conference proceedin
41Ca in tooth enamel. part I: A biological signature of neutron exposure in atomic bomb survivors
The detection of 41Ca atoms in tooth enamel using accelerator mass spectrometry is suggested as a method capable of reconstructing thermal neutron exposures from atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In general, 41Ca atoms are produced via thermal neutron capture by stable 40Ca. Thus any 41Ca atoms present in the tooth enamel of the survivors would be due to neutron exposure from both natural sources and radiation from the bomb. Tooth samples from five survivors in a control group with negligible neutron exposure were used to investigate the natural 41Ca content in tooth enamel, and 16 tooth samples from 13 survivors were used to estimate bomb-related neutron exposure. The results showed that the mean 41Ca/Ca isotope ratio was (0.17 ± 0.05) × 10-14 in the control samples and increased to 2 × 10-14 for survivors who were proximally exposed to the bomb. The 41Ca/Ca ratios showed an inverse correlation with distance from the hypocenter at the time of the bombing, similar to values that have been derived from theoretical free-in-air thermal-neutron transport calculations. Given that γ-ray doses were determined earlier for the same tooth samples by means of electron spin resonance (ESR, or electron paramagnetic resonance, EPR), these results can serve to validate neutron exposures that were calculated individually for the survivors but that had to incorporate a number of assumptions (e.g. shielding conditions for the survivors).Fil: Wallner, A.. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; Alemania. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; Alemania. Universidad de Viena; AustriaFil: Ruhm, W.. Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center For Environmental Health; Alemania. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; AlemaniaFil: Rugel, G.. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; Alemania. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; AlemaniaFil: Nakamura, N.. Radiation Effects Research Foundation; JapónFil: Arazi, Andres. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Faestermann, T.. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; AlemaniaFil: Knie, K.. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; Alemania. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; AlemaniaFil: Maier, H. J.. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; AlemaniaFil: Korschinek, G.. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; Alemani
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