Factors Associated With 5-Year Glaucomatous Progression In Glaucoma Suspect Eyes: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study

Purpose: To study the association of 5-year glaucomatous progression with several demographic, clinical, visual field and optical coherence tomography (OCT) variables in glaucoma suspect eyes. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 365 eyes of 288 patients were included (323 eyes with suspicious cup-to-disc ratio and 42 eyes with ocular hypertension). The study subjects were divided into two groups: eyes that progressed to glaucoma and those that did not. We calculated the percentage of glaucoma suspect eyes that progressed to glaucoma within 5 years. The inclusion criteria were glaucoma suspect eyes (i.e., suspicious cup-to-disc ratio and/or intraocular pressure \u3e21 mm Hg), age ≥ 30 years old, follow-up time of 5 years, best-corrected visual acuity 20/100 or better, spherical equivalent better than −8 diopters and astigmatism less than 3 diopters. We excluded eyes with any significant retinal or neurological disease, and glaucoma which was determined by at least 2 consecutive reliable visual field tests regardless of the appearance of the optic disc. Results: Bivariate analysis showed eyes that progressed to glaucoma had significantly worse mean deviation, higher pattern standard deviation (PSD), less visual field index, thinner average, superior, and inferior retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), and more severe average, superior, and inferior RNFL damages (i.e., color grading scale) at baseline. Logistic regression analysis showed only PSD and severe inferior RNFL damage (i.e., red color) were significantly associated with 5-year glaucomatous progression. Conclusions: Segmental RNFL damage and PSD are associated with 5-year glaucomatous progression in glaucoma suspect eyes

High Electricity Generation using Oscillations of Pendulum

Power generation is one of the major factors in the recent years. To reduce this problem resources like solar energy, wind energy, thermal energy, hydel energy, nuclear energy, etc. have been used. Since with all these above energy resources, we are facing power crisis due to many factors. Future energy sustainability depends heavily on how the renewable energy problem is addressed in the next few decades. The main problems with these energy sources are cost and availability. Wind and solar power are not always available where and when needed. So to avoid these problems renewable energy sources can be used. In this project, the simple pendulum concept is used. The simple pendulum setup with gear mechanism and wiper motor through a PIC microcontroller and relay is employed as it does not require large external energy. The gear mechanism and wiper motor is used along the simple pendulum in order to obtain continuous oscillations where the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy

Emergence of metallic states at 2D MoSSe/GaAs Janus interface:a DFT study

Abstract The stability and the electronic properties of two dimensional (2D) GaAs/MoSSe Janus interfaces were investigated using first principles density functional theory calculations. The effect of different atomic terminations on the interface stability, electronic properties and charge transfer at the interfaces were analyzed. Metallic states are formed at the stable MoSSe/GaAs interface owing to the synergistic effect of the presence of 2D occupied antibonding states in MoSSe and the band alignment at the interface. The non-symmetric structure of MoSSe Janus material turns out to play a key role to control the electronic properties of the stable Janus interface, which will be crucial deciding factor for practical applications

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using medicinal Fern Blenchnum Orientale leaves and its application as an antimicrobial agent against food borne pathogens

Nanotechnology is the most active research area in modern materials science. Though there are numerous chemical and physical methods, green synthesis of nanomaterials is the most recent. In the present study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by plant mediated green approach method using leaf extracts of medicinal fern Blechnum orientale Linn, provides necessary bioactive for reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles. Blechnum orientale was commonly known as ‘Centipede fern’, which is an important edible medicinal fern. Synthesized nanoparticles were elucidated using UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), surface emission microscopy analysis (SEM) and its antioxidant activity was evaluated by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay as well as antimicrobial properties were studied against common food-borne pathogens. The highest absorbance of the produced silver nano particles (AgNPs) was 433 nm and the conversion of Ag+ ions to AgNPs was validated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. FTIR result revealed the existence of O–H stretching and N–H amide group peaks. The as-synthesized AgNPs exhibited effective antibacterial action against food borne pathogens E. coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella dysenteriae

Structural, magnetic and electronic properties of two dimensional NdN:an ab initio study

Abstract The peculiar magnetic properties of rare earth nitrides (RENs) make them suitable for a wide range of applications. Here, we report on a density functional theory (DFT) study of an interesting member of the family, two-dimensional (2D) NdN film, using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), including the Hubbard (U) parameter. We consider different film thicknesses, taking into account the effects of N vacancies (VN) and dopants (C and O). Formation energy values show that, even though N vacancy is the predominant defect, C and O dopants are also probable impurities in these films. Individual Nd and N magnetic moments oscillate in the presence of VN and dopants owing to the induced lattice distortions. The density of states calculations show that the 2D NdN film has a semi-metallic nature, while the f orbitals are separated into fully filled and empty bands. A magnetic anisotropy energy of ∼50 μeV is obtained, and the easy axis aligns along the film orientation as the film thickness increases, revealing that such films are ideal candidates for spintronic applications

WEED REMOVING MACHINE FOR AGRICULTURE

The effective design of weed removing machine is to minimize the time taken for removing weed present between the growing plants.The vertical adjustment is to increase and decrease the height of the secondary rotating shaft and the rotary blades.It is mainly focused to increase the growth rate of plants.The horizontal distance can be adjusted by increasing the distance between the individual blades of the machine.The blades are rotated in clockwise direction with respect to the weed elimination.The depth of the removal is controlled by the handle.The power is transmitted from engine to the primary shaft.The primary shaft is connected to secondary shaft.The cam shape of shaft is to transmit the power to the blade by using chain drive.The specification of design is the number of blades, which can be increased and decreased with respect to our requirement.The compact design is very helpful for in the field of agriculture