The study of the relationship between the performance of fuzzy goal programming method and production factor promotion

In order to determine a systematic method for increasing productivity, different methods have been implemented. However, these methods were mostly used for measuring the current situation and implementing a suitable instrument for the purpose of presenting an efficient solution in order to promote the productivity seems essential. For this purpose, operational research method is one of the most efficient and useful tools which tries to make the best advantage of them and use them systematically by implementing optimal resources. Using an goal planning tool through determining the essential goals for promoting productivity is a modern method which has attracted the attention of productivity areas and is able to study the interaction between the essential elements with productivity promotion approach. The purpose of this research is to study the relation between performing Fuzzy Goal Programming Method and productivity promotion of production factors such as the promotion of materials, capital productivity, and human resources. The deign used for this method is applied, analytic and descriptive. Twenty four hundreds experts from five major detergents companies existing in detergents industrial clusters were considered as the population of the present study. The results indicated that there is a positive strong relation between the three factors including promotion of materials, capital productivity, and human resources by implementing goal planning model

The study of the relationship between the performance of fuzzy goal programming method and production factor promotion

In order to determine a systematic method for increasing productivity, different methods have been implemented. However, these methods were mostly used for measuring the current situation and implementing a suitable instrument for the purpose of presenting an efficient solution in order to promote the productivity seems essential. For this purpose, operational research method is one of the most efficient and useful tools which tries to make the best advantage of them and use them systematically by implementing optimal resources. Using an goal planning tool through determining the essential goals for promoting productivity is a modern method which has attracted the attention of productivity areas and is able to study the interaction between the essential elements with productivity promotion approach. The purpose of this research is to study the relation between performing Fuzzy Goal Programming Method and productivity promotion of production factors such as the promotion of materials, capital productivity, and human resources. The deign used for this method is applied, analytic and descriptive. Twenty four hundreds experts from five major detergents companies existing in detergents industrial clusters were considered as the population of the present study. The results indicated that there is a positive strong relation between the three factors including promotion of materials, capital productivity, and human resources by implementing goal planning model

The study of the relationship between the performance of fuzzy goal programming method and production factor promotion

In order to determine a systematic method for increasing productivity, different methods have been implemented. However, these methods were mostly used for measuring the current situation and implementing a suitable instrument for the purpose of presenting an efficient solution in order to promote the productivity seems essential. For this purpose, operational research method is one of the most efficient and useful tools which tries to make the best advantage of them and use them systematically by implementing optimal resources. Using an goal planning tool through determining the essential goals for promoting productivity is a modern method which has attracted the attention of productivity areas and is able to study the interaction between the essential elements with productivity promotion approach. The purpose of this research is to study the relation between performing Fuzzy Goal Programming Method and productivity promotion of production factors such as the promotion of materials, capital productivity, and human resources. The deign used for this method is applied, analytic and descriptive. Twenty four hundreds experts from five major detergents companies existing in detergents industrial clusters were considered as the population of the present study. The results indicated that there is a positive strong relation between the three factors including promotion of materials, capital productivity, and human resources by implementing goal planning model

An introduction to expression and regulation of cancer/testis antigens (CTAs): review article

Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) are a kind of antigens that their expression mostly is restricted in testis and female’s genital organs. Tumor cells often express antigens whose expression is normally limited to germ cells. CTAs are composed of a vast gene family of closely related members and are commonly classified into two groups: the CT-X antigens that are encoded by the X chromosome and the non-X CTAs that are encoded by the autosomes. CTA are extensively and variably dispersed between tumors of diverse histotypes. CTA are broadly expressed in tumors, but not in normal tissue except for testis that is not available to the immune system, actually, the blood-testis barrier and the lack of HLA class I expression on the surface of germ cells avoid the immune system from the interaction with CTA proteins to be identified as non-self-structures. Consequently, CTA can be regarded as fundamentally tumor-specific targets. With extensive investigations on the function of this important biological molecules, their functions are somewhat revealed. Because of their high immunogenicity, tumor-limited, and biased expression, detection of these molecules provides unprecedented chances for further research and clinical development in the field of immunotherapy and cancer diagnosis. Also, growing evidence discloses that a number of CTAs stimulate epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and generation of cancer stem-like cells, increasing metastasis, invasion and tumorigenesis. According to recent clinical attention, more features of CTA regulation are explored. CTA expression has been confirmed in a variety of human cancer tissues and some of them have been discovered to cause humoral and/or cellular immune responses in cancer patients, likewise, they displayed intertumor and intratumor heterogeneity in expression levels. CTAs are excellent targets for targeted tumor therapy, anticancer drug discovery, and diagnostic biomarkers, similarly, appreciated genes in the study of promoting tumorigenesis, immunotherapy, and malignant progression. This review summaries and classifies our current understanding of the complex and biased process of CTAs mRNA and protein expression in cancer, and provide the most current information on their function and regulation. &nbsp

Climate Change and Respiratory Infections

The rate of global warming has accelerated over the past 50 years. Increasing surface temperature is melting glaciers and raising the sea level. More flooding, droughts, hurricanes, and heat waves are being reported. Accelerated changes in climate are already affecting human health, in part by altering the epidemiology of climate-sensitive pathogens. In particular, climate change may alter the incidence and severity of respiratory infections by affecting vectors and host immune responses. Certain respiratory infections, such as avian influenza and coccidioidomycosis, are occurring in locations previously unaffected, apparently because of global warming. Young children and older adults appear to be particularly vulnerable to rapid fluctuations in ambient temperature. For example, an increase in the incidence in childhood pneumonia in Australia has been associated with sharp temperature drops from one day to the next. Extreme weather events, such as heat waves, floods, major storms, drought, and wildfires, are also believed to change the incidence of respiratory infections. An outbreak of aspergillosis among Japanese survivors of the 2011 tsunami is one such well-documented example. Changes in temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and air pollution influence viral activity and transmission. For example, in early 2000, an outbreak of Hantavirus respiratory disease was linked to a local increase in the rodent population, which in turn was attributed to a two- to threefold increase in rainfall before the outbreak. Climate-sensitive respiratory pathogens present challenges to respiratory health that may be far greater in the foreseeable future

Parental decisional satisfaction after hypospadias repair in the United Kingdom

Background: in hypospadias, the aim of surgical treatment is to achieve both desirable functional and cosmetic outcomes; however, complications following surgery are common and 18% of boys require re-operation. In mild degrees of hypospadias, repair may be offered entirely to improve cosmesis, meaning parents should be fully informed of this and the potential for complications, during the consent process. Parents’ decision-making may be aided by making them aware of how others in a similar position have felt about the decision that they made for their child. One method of measuring parental satisfaction is decisional regret (DR). Objectives: to assess parental satisfaction following hypospadias surgery in the United Kingdom by assessing DR and to determine the feasibility of obtaining meaningful data via a mobile phone survey. Study design: the National Outcomes Audit in Hypospadias database was commissioned by the British Association of Paediatric Surgeons to capture clinical information from hypospadias repairs. Following ethical approval (16/NW/0819), a text message was sent to mobile numbers in the database inviting participation in a questionnaire incorporating the validated DR scale (DRS). The primary outcome measure was mean DRS score, which was correlated with clinical information, a score of zero indicated no regret and 100 indicated maximum regret. Results: there were 340 (37%) responses. The median age at the primary procedure was 16 (interquartile range 13–20) months. No DR (score = 0) was detected in 186 (55% [95%CI 49–60]) respondents; however, moderate-to-severe DR (score = 26–100) was seen in 21 (6.2% [95%CI 3.6–8.7]) respondents. On multivariate analysis, a distal meatus, a small glans and developing complications requiring repeat surgery were all associated with increased levels of regret (Table). There was no association between DR and cases performed per surgeon. Discussion: around half of respondents demonstrated no DR and postoperative complications requiring surgery were associated with the highest levels of DR, which is similar to a Canadian study. Lorenzo et al. however found that DR was associated with circumcision, which was undertaken in all boys; however, in this UK study, around a third of boys were circumcised and regret levels between those circumcised and those not circumcised were similar. The limitations of this work include the following: surgeons submitting their own data on complications and there is potential of selection bias between respondents and non-respondents as with any survey. Conclusions: data from this study can be used to improve pre-operative counselling during the consent process. Smart mobile phone technology can be used successfully to distribute and collect parent-reported outcomes. [Table presented]</p