Concepciones de futuros profesores de ciencias sobre un concepto "olvidado" en la enseñanza de la electricidad : la fuerza electromotriz

El trabajo que aquí se presenta recoge los resultados de una investigación en torno al aprendizaje del concepto de fuerza electromotriz a través de las siguientes etapas: a) conocer las principales dificultades que se produjeron en el desarrollo del concepto a lo largo de la historia; b) establecer las principales características de un aprendizaje significativo del concepto de fuerza electromotriz; c) averiguar en qué medida se presentan dificultades de aprendizaje de este concepto en estudiantes de último curso de carrera y recién licenciados en ciencias. Los resultados obtenidos parecen confirmar que los estudiantes, al acabar sus estudios de licenciatura no han logrado un claro significado de la magnitud fuerza electromotriz y, en consecuencia, presentan confusiones entre ésta y la diferencia de potencial en circuitos eléctricos y en fenómenos sencillos de inducción electromagnética. En la situación particular de un fenómeno sencillo de inducción electromagnética, casi la totalidad de los estudiantes presentan serias deficiencias en los significados de la fuerza electromotriz y diferencia de potencial.This paper offers the result of our research into the learning of the concept of EMF at an introductory level according to the following stages: a) To know the main difficulties when defining the concept throughout history. b) To establish the main characteristics of the meaningful learning of the concept of EMF. c) To analyse to what extent students have a meaninful learning of EMF when they finish their degrees in science. The results seem to confirm that university students when finishing their science degrees have not got a clear idea of the notion of EMF. Therefore they often mistake it for potential difference. In the specific test of an easy experience of EMF induction, nearly all the students had serious problems in differentiating between EMF and potential difference

Design of Digital Advanced Systems Based on Programmable System on Chip

This chapter fills up an advanced analysis of the state-of-the-art design in programmable SoC systems, giving a critical overall vision for every designer to implement real time operating systems and concurrent processing. The content of the chapter is divided in the next four main sections. First the evolution timeline of FPGA based systems is covered from its beginning until the last AP SoC chips. They are complex devices and it is necessary to have a well-known understanding to utilise them in the more efficient form possible. The more important advance digital systems structures and architectures are described. The embedded AP SoCs are analysed and main design methodologies are covered, focusing in hardware and co-design strategies. In this section is described the development of a real open source application that covers the fundamental parts in the design of a SoC system, ranging from the hardware development until the software design involving the embedded operating system and the user interface application. Finally, the system described in the last section is tested in a real scientific experiment and the results are evaluated

Bimodal effect of water on V2O5/TiO2 catalysts with different vanadium species in the simultaneous NO reduction and 1,2-dichlorobenzene oxidation

VOX/TiO2 catalysts with different vanadium loading were prepared in order to study the influence of vanadium species on the effect of water in the simultaneous NO reduction through NH3-SCR and o-DCB oxidation reactions. The presence of isolated, polymeric and crystalline species and their redox and acid properties were evaluated by N2-Adsorption, XRD, Raman, H2-TPR, XPS and NH3-TPD. Water has a bimodal and reversible effect in both NO reduction and o-DCB oxidation depending on vanadium species and temperature. In SCR, water has a detrimental effect at low temperature due to competitive adsorption with NO and NH3, while at high temperature it promotes an increase of NO conversion associated to the suppression of side-reactions, which increase the selectivity towards N2. In o-DCB oxidation, the effect of water is the sum of two contributions: one positive, related to the removal of surface adsorbed detrimental species; and one negative, associated to the competitive adsorption with o-DCB. Thus, at high temperature water acts as inhibitor, while at low temperature water has a promotional effect in the highly dispersed vanadium catalysts due to their tendency to suffer deactivation, mainly by carbonaceous materials. The presence of water also favors total oxidation and decreases the formation of chlorinated by products.MINECO/FEDER (CTQ2015-64616-P), MINECO/FEDER (BES-2016-077849), IT657-13, IT1297- 19, INF12/37, UFI 11/39, PID2019-107503RB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103

Aproximación al registro paleoambiental de la cueva de Goikoetxe (Busturia): Evidencias sedimentarias y paleontológicas

Aproximación al registro paleoambiental de la cueva de Goikoetxe (Busturia): Evidencias sedimentarias y paleontológica

Diseño y evaluación de una propuesta de enseñanza de la probabilidad en estudios técnicos universitarios basada en la resolución de problemas

Describimos el diseño, la implementación y la evaluación de una secuencia de enseñanza destinada a introducir la probabilidad elemental en la enseñanza técnica universitaria. La propuesta se basa en los resultados de las investigaciones sobre las dificultades de enseñanza y aprendizaje, en la perspectiva social constructivista del aprendizaje de las matemáticas y en el concepto de indicador de aprendizaje. Mostramos que esta secuencia de enseñanza, junto a su metodología de aplicación en el aula, da lugar a una mejor comprensión de la probabilidad para la resolución de problemas y a un retroceso en el uso de las concepciones alternativas. Los alumnos parecen haber adquirido también una visión más ajustada del proceso de construcción de un marco teórico científico y valoran positivamente la probabilidad como marco útil para resolver problema

ATLAS data quality operations and performance for 2015-2018 data-taking

The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider reads out particle collision data from over 100 million electronic channels at a rate of approximately 100 kHz, with a recording rate for physics events of approximately 1 kHz. Before being certified for physics analysis at computer centres worldwide, the data must be scrutinised to ensure they are clean from any hardware or software related issues that may compromise their integrity. Prompt identification of these issues permits fast action to investigate, correct and potentially prevent future such problems that could render the data unusable. This is achieved through the monitoring of detector-level quantities and reconstructed collision event characteristics at key stages of the data processing chain. This paper presents the monitoring and assessment procedures in place at ATLAS during 2015–2018 data-taking. Through the continuous improvement of operational procedures, ATLAS achieved a high data quality efficiency, with 95.6% of the recorded proton-proton collision data collected at √s=13 TeV certified for physics analysis.Fil: Orellana, Gonzalo Enrique. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Alconada Verzini, María Josefina. Tel Aviv University; Israel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Arduh, Francisco Anuar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Dova, Maria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Monticelli, Fernando Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Hoya, Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Abed Abud, A.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Ahmad, A.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Alderweireldt, S.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Aleksa, M.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Allaire, C.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Aranzabal Barrio, N.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Bielski, R.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Bortfeldt, J.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Boyd, J.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Butti, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Buttinger, W.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Camincher, C.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Campana, S.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Ellis, N.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Elsing, M.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Farthouat, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Fassnacht, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Heinrich, L.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Iengo, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Morley, A. K.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Mornacchi, G. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Moschovakos, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Meehan, S.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; Suiz

Performance of electron and photon triggers in ATLAS during LHC Run 2.

Electron and photon triggers covering transverse energies from 5 GeV to several TeV are essential for the ATLAS experiment to record signals for a wide variety of physics: from Standard Model processes to searches for new phenomena in both proton–proton and heavy-ion collisions. To cope with a fourfold increase of peak LHC luminosity from 2015 to 2018 (Run 2), to 2.1×1034 cm−2 s −1 , and a similar increase in the number of interactions per beam-crossing to about 60, trigger algorithms and selections were optimised to control the rates while retaining a high efficiency for physics analyses. For proton–proton collisions, the single-electron trigger efficiency relative to a single-electron offline selection is at least 75% for an offline electron of 31 GeV, and rises to 96% at 60 GeV; the trigger efficiency of a 25 GeV leg of the primary diphoton trigger relative to a tight offline photon selection is more than 96% for an offline photon of 30 GeV. For heavy-ion collisions, the primary electron and photon trigger efficiencies relative to the corresponding standard offline selections are at least 84% and 95%, respectively, at 5 GeV above the corresponding trigger threshold.Fil: Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Alconada Verzini, María Josefina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; Argentina. Universitat Tel Aviv; IsraelFil: Alonso, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Arduh, Francisco Anuar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Dova, Maria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Hoya, Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Monticelli, Fernando Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Orellana, Gonzalo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Abed Abud, A.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Ahmad,A.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Alderweireldt, S.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Aleksa, M.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Allaire, C.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Aranzabal Barrio, N.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Bielski, R.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Bortfeldt, J.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Boyd, J.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Butti, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Buttinger, W.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Camincher, C.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Campana, S.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Ellis, N.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Elsing, M.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Morley, A. K.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Mornacchi, G.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Moschovakos, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Meehan, S.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Meng, L.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Stewart, G. A.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Stockton, M. C.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; Suiz

Search for pairs of scalar leptoquarks decaying into quarks and electrons or muons in s√s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for new-physics resonances decaying into a lepton and a jet performed by the ATLAS experiment is presented. Scalar leptoquarks pair-produced in pp collisions at s√ = 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider are considered using an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1, corresponding to the full Run 2 dataset. They are searched for in events with two electrons or two muons and two or more jets, including jets identified as arising from the fragmentation of c- or b-quarks. The observed yield in each channel is consistent with the Standard Model background expectation. Leptoquarks with masses below 1.8 TeV and 1.7 TeV are excluded in the electron and muon channels, respectively, assuming a branching ratio into a charged lepton and a quark of 100%, with minimal dependence on the quark flavour. Upper limits on the aforementioned branching ratio are also given as a function of the leptoquark mass.Fil: Alonso, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Alconada Verzini, María Josefina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; Argentina. Universitat Tel Aviv; IsraelFil: Arduh, Francisco Anuar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Dova, Maria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Hoya, Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Monticelli, Fernando Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Orellana, Gonzalo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Abed Abud, A.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Ahmad, A.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Alderweireldt, S.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Aleksa, M.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Allaire, C.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Aranzabal Barrio, N.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Bielski, R.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Bortfeldt, J.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Boyd, J.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Butti, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Buttinger, W.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Camincher, C.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Campana, S.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Ellis, N.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Elsing, M.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Farthouat, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Fassnacht, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Heinrich, L.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Iengo, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Morley, A. K.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Mornacchi, G.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; SuizaFil: Moschovakos, P.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research. The Cern Council; Suiz

HCV co-infection in HIV positive population in British Columbia, Canada

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>As HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) share some modes of transmission co-infection is not uncommon. This study used a population-based sample of HIV and HCV tested individuals to determine the prevalence of HIV/HCV co-infection, the sequence of virus diagnoses, and demographic and associated risk factors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Positive cases of HIV were linked to the combined laboratory database (of negative and positive HCV antibody results) and HCV reported cases in British Columbia (BC).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of 4,598 HIV cases with personal identifiers, 3,219 (70%) were linked to the combined HCV database, 1,700 (53%) of these were anti-HCV positive. HCV was diagnosed first in 52% of co-infected cases (median time to HIV identification 3 1/2 years). HIV and HCV was diagnosed within a two week window in 26% of cases. Among individuals who were diagnosed with HIV infection at baseline, subsequent diagnoses of HCV infection was independently associated with: i) intravenous drug use (IDU) in males and females, Hazard Ratio (HR) = 6.64 (95% CI: 4.86-9.07) and 9.76 (95% CI: 5.76-16.54) respectively; ii) reported Aboriginal ethnicity in females HR = 2.09 (95% CI: 1.34-3.27) and iii) males not identified as men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM), HR = 2.99 (95% CI: 2.09-4.27).</p> <p>Identification of HCV first compared to HIV first was independently associated with IDU in males and females OR = 2.83 (95% CI: 1.84-4.37) and 2.25 (95% CI: 1.15-4.39) respectively, but not Aboriginal ethnicity or MSM. HIV was identified first in 22%, with median time to HCV identification of 15 months;</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The ability to link BC public health and laboratory HIV and HCV information provided a unique opportunity to explore demographic and risk factors associated with HIV/HCV co-infection. Over half of persons with HIV infection who were tested for HCV were anti-HCV positive; half of these had HCV diagnosed first with HIV identification a median 3.5 years later. This highlights the importance of public health follow-up and harm reduction measures for people identified with HCV to prevent subsequent HIV infection.</p

Formulación de medios de cultivo líquidos para la producción de biomasa micelial de hongos entomopatógenos nativos de la Región Cusco, Perú

Se evaluó la producción de biomasa micelial de cepas pertenecientes a tres géneros de hongos entomopatógenos (Isaria, Beauveria, y Cordyceps) en cuatro medios de cultivo líquidos modificados (YPD, SDBY, YPDS, y SDBYES) con la finalidad de lograr mayor crecimiento para losanálisis fisicoquímicos en la búsqueda de metabolitos promisorios, por lo que la selección y concentración adecuada de los nutrientes es un factor fundamental. Los medios fueron enriquecidos con sales minerales, ceniza de cascara de huevo y estandarizados a pH 6.7 llevándose a cabo la incubación a 22°C durante 20 días. Los resultados mostraron variaciones en la producción de biomasa entre los diferentes medios de cultivo y cepas. Isaria sp. presento la mayor biomasa promedio en SDBYES, seguido de Cordyceps sp. y Beauveria sp. en YPDS. Sin embargo, estadísticamente no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la producción de biomasa entre los distintos medios y cepas. La variación de pH durante la fase de incubación presento una correlación estadísticamente significativa registrándose una relación inversa fuerte 2 de los valores respecto al tiempo de incubación, con un R de 0.54 lo que demuestra que la actividad metabólica relacionada a la producción de biomasa acidifica los medios de cultivo. Estos hallazgos aportan conocimientos valiosos para la formulación de medios de cultivo efectivos para hongos entomopatógenos con el potencial de mejorar significativamente las investigaciones en la aplicación biotecnológica del micelio de estos hongos