The lived experience of psychosis: a bottom-up review co-written by experts by experience and academics

: Psychosis is the most ineffable experience of mental disorder. We provide here the first co-written bottom-up review of the lived experience of psychosis, whereby experts by experience primarily selected the subjective themes, that were subsequently enriched by phenomenologically-informed perspectives. First-person accounts within and outside the medical field were screened and discussed in collaborative workshops involving numerous individuals with lived experience of psychosis as well as family members and carers, representing a global network of organizations. The material was complemented by semantic analyses and shared across all collaborators in a cloud-based system. The early phases of psychosis (i.e., premorbid and prodromal stages) were found to be characterized by core existential themes including loss of common sense, perplexity and lack of immersion in the world with compromised vital contact with reality, heightened salience and a feeling that something important is about to happen, perturbation of the sense of self, and need to hide the tumultuous inner experiences. The first episode stage was found to be denoted by some transitory relief associated with the onset of delusions, intense self-referentiality and permeated self-world boundaries, tumultuous internal noise, and dissolution of the sense of self with social withdrawal. Core lived experiences of the later stages (i.e., relapsing and chronic) involved grieving personal losses, feeling split, and struggling to accept the constant inner chaos, the new self, the diagnosis and an uncertain future. The experience of receiving psychiatric treatments, such as inpatient and outpatient care, social interventions, psychological treatments and medications, included both positive and negative aspects, and was determined by the hope of achieving recovery, understood as an enduring journey of reconstructing the sense of personhood and re-establishing the lost bonds with others towards meaningful goals. These findings can inform clinical practice, research and education. Psychosis is one of the most painful and upsetting existential experiences, so dizzyingly alien to our usual patterns of life and so unspeakably enigmatic and human

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Association of the bovine growth hormone gene with Holstein cattle reproductive parameters

Objective. To determine the association of intron 3 polymorphism of the bovine growth hormone (BGH) gene, with age at first service, first birth, first postpartum service and second birth in a population of Holstein cows in the state of Antioquia. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 408 Holstein cows in 8 herds. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP technique with DNA extracted from peripheral blood by the salting out technique. The Phenotypic information used was collected for 4 years, from a dairy production control program. To determine the association between characteristics and gene polymorphism, parametric statistical analyzes were performed as generalized linear models and linear regression analysis. Results. Allele frequency (positive) was 0.91 and was 0.09 for (negative) allele. Genotypic frequencies were 0.77, 0.2 and 0.03 for (positive/positive), (positive/negative) and (negative/negative) respectively. There were significant differences between the mean of age at first service, age at first birth, age at first postpartum service and age at second birth. For all of the (negative/negative) genotype characteristics there were greater ages for each event. Conclusions. These results suggest that intron-3 polymorphism of the BGH gene is associated with reproductive traits, facilitating the selection of individuals with favorable genotypes for use in breeding programs.Objetivo. Determinar la asociación del polimorfismo del intrón 3 del gen de la hormona de crecimiento bovino (BGH) con las edades al primer servicio, primer parto, primer servicio posparto y segundo parto en una población de vacas Holstein del departamento de Antioquia. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó con 408 vacas Holstein ubicadas en 8 hatos. La genotipificación se llevó a cabo usando la técnica de PCR-RFLP con ADN extraído de sangre periférica mediante la técnica de salting out. La información fenotípica utilizada fue recopilada durante 4 años, a partir de un programa de control de producción lechera. Para determinar la asociación entre las características y el polimorfismo del gen, se realizaron análisis estadísticos paramétricos mediante modelos lineales generalizados y análisis de regresión lineal. Resultados. La frecuencia para el alelo (positivo) fue de 0.91 y para el alelo (negativo) fue de 0.09. Las frecuencias genotípicas fueron 0.77, 0.2 y 0.03 para (positivo/positivo), (positivo/negativo) y (negativo/negativo) respectivamente. Se presentaron diferencias significativas entre las medias de la edad al primer servicio, la edad al primer parto, edad al primer servicio postparto y edad al segundo parto. Para todas las características el genotipo (negativo/negativo) presentó edades más tardías para cada eventos. Conclusiones. Estos resultados sugieren que el polimorfismo del intrón 3 del gen BGH, está asociado con características de tipo reproductivo, facilitando la implementación de un programa de selección de individuos con genotipos favorables, para su uso en programas de mejoramiento genético animal

Variación de caracteres morfológicos del pasto kikuyo (Cenchrus clandestinus) en el trópico alto de Antioquia

Abstract The kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus) represents about 80% of the base of all the forage supply of specialized dairy country. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare some morphological characters in kikuyu grass populations located in the high tropics Antioqueño. 384 samples of plant material were collected in three areas of the department of Antioquia. For each sample width and length of the lamina, internode length, diameter internode, width node, width and length of the sheath it was established. In order to represent a two-dimensional geometric space in existing proximity between experimental units collected in different municipalities, an analysis of multidimensional scaling (MDS) it was performed. In addition the results were analyzed using generalized linear models (GLM) using each measure as dependiente variable. The municipality had a highly significant (p <0.01) on all measured morphological characters. For the characteristic diameter internodes, wide internodes, lamina and sheath; the days of rest and altitude, had a highly significant effect (p <0.01). Although a pattern of similarities between morphological characteristics were found, the effects included in the models were all statistically significant for each of these characters To establish better results that may be potential for future breeding programs is recommended to associate this information with studies diversity and genetic variation.Resumo A grama kikuyu (Cenchrus clandestinus) representa cerca de 80% da base de toda a oferta de forragem país leiteiro especializado. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar alguns caracteres morfológicos em populações pennisetums Antioqueño localizadas nas altas trópicos. 384 amostras de material vegetal foram coletadas em três áreas do departamento de Antioquia. Para cada largura da amostra e comprimento da lâmina, comprimento dos entrenós, entrenudos diâmetro, nós largura, largura e comprimento da bainha foi estabelecido. A fim de representar um espaço geométrico bidimensional na proximidade existente entre as unidades experimentais coletados em diferentes municípios, uma análise de escalonamento multidimensional (MDS) foi realizada. Além disso, os resultados foram analisados ​​usando modelos lineares generalizados (GLM), utilizando cada medida como variável dependiente. O município tinha uma correlação altamente significativa (p <0,01) em todos os caracteres morfológicas medidos. Para a função de diâmetro entrenudos, entrenós de largura, lâmina e bainha; os dias de descanso e a altitude, teve um efeito altamente significativo (p <0,01). Embora um padrão de semelhanças entre as características morfológicas não foi foram encontrados, os efeitos incluídas nos modelos foram todas estatisticamente significativas para cada um desses personagens Para estabelecer melhores resultados que podem ser potencial para futuros programas de melhoramento é recomendado para associar esta informação com estudos diversidade e variação genética.Resumen El pasto kikuyo (Cenchrus clandestinus) representa cerca del 80% de la base de toda la alimentación forrajera de la lechería especializada del país. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar y comparar algunos caracteres morfológicos en poblaciones del pasto kikuyo ubicadas en el trópico alto Antioqueño. Se recolectaron 384 muestras de material vegetativo en tres zonas del departamento de Antioquia. Para cada muestra se estableció ancho y largo de la lámina, longitud de entrenudos, diámetro de entrenudos, ancho de los nudos, y ancho y largo de la vaina. Con el fin de representar en un espacio geométrico bidimensional las proximidades existentes entre las unidades experimentales colectadas en los diferentes municipios, se realizó un análisis de escalamiento multidimensional (MDS). Adicionalmente los resultados se analizaron mediante modelos lineales generalizados (GLM) usando cada medida como variable dependiente. El municipio tuvo un efecto altamente significativo (p<0.01) sobre todos los caracteres morfológicos medidos. Para la característica diámetro entrenudos, ancho entrenudos, lamina y vaina; los días del descanso y la altitud, tuvieron un efecto altamente significativo (p<0.01). Aunque no se encontró un patrón de similitudes entre las características morfológicas, los efectos incluidos en los modelos fueron todos estadísticamente significativos para cada uno de estos caracteres Para establecer mejores resultados que puedan ser potenciales para futuros programas de mejoramiento genético se recomienda asociar dicha información con estudios de diversidad y variación genética

The lived experience of psychosis: a bottom-up review co-written by experts by experience and academics

Psychosis is the most ineffable experience of mental disorder. We provide here the first co-written bottom-up review of the lived experience of psychosis, whereby experts by experience primarily selected the subjective themes, that were subsequently enriched by phenomenologically-informed perspectives. First-person accounts within and outside the medical field were screened and discussed in collaborative workshops involving numerous individuals with lived experience of psychosis as well as family members and carers, representing a global network of organizations. The material was complemented by semantic analyses and shared across all collaborators in a cloud-based system. The early phases of psychosis (i.e., premorbid and prodromal stages) were found to be characterized by core existential themes including loss of common sense, perplexity and lack of immersion in the world with compromised vital contact with reality, heightened salience and a feeling that something important is about to happen, perturbation of the sense of self, and need to hide the tumultuous inner experiences. The first episode stage was found to be denoted by some transitory relief associated with the onset of delusions, intense self-referentiality and permeated self-world boundaries, tumultuous internal noise, and dissolution of the sense of self with social withdrawal. Core lived experiences of the later stages (i.e., relapsing and chronic) involved grieving personal losses, feeling split, and struggling to accept the constant inner chaos, the new self, the diagnosis and an uncertain future. The experience of receiving psychiatric treatments, such as inpatient and outpatient care, social interventions, psychological treatments and medications, included both positive and negative aspects, and was determined by the hope of achieving recovery, understood as an enduring journey of reconstructing the sense of personhood and re-establishing the lost bonds with others towards meaningful goals. These findings can inform clinical practice, research and education. Psychosis is one of the most painful and upsetting existential experiences, so dizzyingly alien to our usual patterns of life and so unspeakably enigmatic and human