Equilibrium Constant of Reaction Al₂O₃(s)=2Al+3O in Liquid Iron

After inspecting the results of the experimental investigations hitherto published regarding the equilibrium constant of the reaction Al₂O₃(s)=2Al+3O, the Gokcen and Chipman's result was considered to be more reliable than those of other investigators. The reason for it was that their result agrees exactly with that of the thermodynamic calculation of Chipman. The Geller and Dicke's experimental result and the result of the thermodynamic calculation of Chipman were revised, using the new thermodynamic data. It was confirmed that the agreement between the revised Geller and Dicke's result and the Gokcen and Chipman's result above stated is very good, and the discrepancy between the original Chipman's result and the result revised by the present authors is very small. The average of the following three results may be expressed by : logK₂=loga²Aₗa³ₒ=-65, 200/T+21.33 1) The experimental result of Geller and Dicke revised by the present authors. 2) The experimental result of Gokcen and Chipman. 3) The result of the thermodynamic calculation of Chipman revised by the present authors

The Effect of Activities for Effective Processing in an Adventure Education Program on Participants\u27 Personal Development

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of preplanned activities for effective processing, such as framing, debriefing, and transferring, on participant\u27s depth of reflection and personal development. Adventure education programs based on experiential learning methods had spread slowly in Japanese outdoor education. However, recent research concluded that adventure programs without constructed activities for processing affected personal growth and development. Sugerman (2000) describes that some participants are able to reflect spontaneously to understand the meaning of. the experience. Other participants are not able to reflect spontaneously about the experience and are unable to extract meaning from the experience. Activities for effective processing support participants in organizing the meaning of their experience and becoming aware of new ideas from other members. Therefore, activities for effective processing are not essential in adventure education, but they promote more effects of adventure education

Discrete R-symmetry anomalies in heterotic orbifold models

Anomalies of discrete R-symmetries appearing in heterotic orbifold models are studied. We find that the mixed anomalies for different gauge groups satisfy the universal Green-Schwarz (GS) condition, indicating that these anomalies are canceled by the GS mechanism. An exact relation between the anomaly coefficients of the discrete R-symmetries and one-loop beta-function coefficients is obtained. We also find that the discrete R-symmetries have a good chance to be unbroken down to the supersymmetry breaking scale. Even below this scale a $Z_2$ subgroup is unbroken, which may be an origin of the R-parity of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. Relations between the R-symmetry anomalies and T-duality anomalies are also investigated.Comment: 19 pages, no figur

Crystal Structure of the Homology Domain of the Eukaryotic DNA Replication Proteins Sld3/Treslin

SummaryThe initiation of eukaryotic chromosomal DNA replication requires the formation of an active replicative helicase at the replication origins of chromosomal DNA. Yeast Sld3 and its metazoan counterpart Treslin are the hub proteins mediating protein associations critical for the helicase formation. Here, we show the crystal structure of the central domain of Sld3 that is conserved in Sld3/Treslin family of proteins. The domain consists of two segments with 12 helices and is sufficient to bind to Cdc45, the essential helicase component. The structure model of the Sld3-Cdc45 complex, which is crucial for the formation of the active helicase, is proposed

Social prescribing from the patient’s perspective: a literature review

Social prescribing (SP) has aroused widespread interest across countries. SP is a way of linking patients in primary care with sources of support within the community by empowering patients to coproduce solutions to improve their health and well-being. While previous research has demonstrated that SP contributes to reducing the total cost of the National Health Service, the analysis of its effects on patients is still inadequate. This literature review critically evaluated SP from the patient's perspective through the lens of medical anthropology. The review was made with respect to the three key concepts: treatment evaluation, coproduction, and empowerment. The study revealed that SP services in the UK enabled patients to feel comfort in many cases, but general practitioners, link workers, and patients should be collaborative with each other, and their interrelationships should not be hierarchical. Nevertheless, certain modifications may be needed to introduce SP in other healthcare systems