A case of urachal malacoplakia that seems like urachal cancer

Background: Urachal masses observed in adults should be considered malignant unless they are confuted. It is very difficult to differentiate between malignant or benign lesions, including especially calcified foci and solid areas. Case Report: Our case was a 63-year-old male patient who was diagnosed as Behçet’s Disease 26 years ago. Upon clinical examination, he was also diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of prostate. He was examined by computerized tomography to define the stage of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The existence of a hypodense multiseptated cystic lesion with irregular margins and solid areas located between anterosuperior of bladder and umbilicus was reported. Hence, the lesion was evaluated as urachal carcinoma and locally advanced prostate cancer by the urooncology council. Resection of the mass, partial cystectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy were performed as one of the surgical approach options in urachal carcinoma. After pathological examination, the mass was diagnosed as malakoplakia and metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma was also detected in the right obdurator lymph nodule. In the literature, case reports of urachal malakoplakia are extremely rare. It is also interesting to note the absence of specific clinical symptoms for the urachal mass and the existence of concomitant adenocarcinoma in our case. Conclusion: Malakoplakia can only be diagnosed by pathological examination. Particularly, urachal malakoplakia should also be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of lesions which include solid areas and are located in the urachus. Keywords: Michaelis Gutmann bodies, urachal malacoplakia, urachal malacoplakia mimicking cance

The role of urinary fibronectin levels in prediction of bladder tumor prior to re-tur surgery, a comperative study with urinary cytology

Tıpta Uzmanlık teziMesane kanseri, gelişmiş ülke istatistiklerine göre en sık saptanan kanserler arasında 7. sırada yer almaktadır. Mesane kanseri tanısında altın standart yöntemin sistoskopi ve biyopsi olduğu bilinmektedir. Ancak sistoskopi pahalı ve invaziv bir yöntemdir. Progresyon ve rekürrens olasılığı yüksek mesane tümörlerinde yinelenen TUR, önceki TUR? u takiben 2-6 hafta içinde yapılmaktadır. Yüksek dereceli ve kas invaziv kanserlerde idrardaki fibronektin düzeyinin sitolojik çalışmadaki gibi yüksek oranlarda duyarlı ve özgül olması nedeni ile yinelenen TUR planlanan hasta grubunda kullanımı değerli olmaktadır. Ekstrasellüler matriksin majör glikoproteini olan fibronektinin hücre-hücre adezyonu, morfogenezis, diferansiyasyon, en önemlisi onkojenik transformasyonda rolü olduğu bulunmuştur.Mesane kanserinde salgılanan proteazların etkisi ile fibronektin fragmanlara ayrılmakta ve idrarda artmaktadır. Bu sebeple idrar fibronektini, mesane tümörü için belirteç olarak kullanılabilir. İnflamasyon, benign prostat hiperplazisi, prostat kanseri gibi durumlarda da idrar fibronektin seviyesi artmaktadır.Çalışmamızda yinelenen TUR spesmenlerini öngörmede sitolojik değerlendirmeyi idrar fibronektini ile karşılaştırdık. Sitolojik değerlendirme Ki-kare testine göre yüksek duyarlılık ve özgüllük ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunurken, idrar fibronektini bakılması düşük duyarlılık ve özgüllük ile Mann Whitney U testine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamsız olarak bulundu.AbstractBladder cancer is the 7th most frequently diagnosed cancer, according to the statistics in developed countries. It?s known that the gold standard diagnostic test for bladder cancer is cystoscopy with bladder biopsy. However, cystoscopy is an expensive and invasive procedure. Second TUR is recommended to be performed within 2-6 weeks after inital TUR when the risk of high progression and recurrence is present. As the urinary fibronectin levels in high grade or muscle invasive bladder tumors have high sensitivity and specificity as determined in cytologic examination, which makes it a valuable tumor marker in the group of patients who are scheduled for second TUR. Fibronectin is major glycoprotein of extracellular matrix and plasma. Fibronectin in extracellular matrix is involved in intercellular adhesions, morphogenesis, differantiation and most importantly in oncogenic transformation. Urinary fibronectin split into fragments and may be found in increased levels in urine due to the effect of proteases released in bladder tumours. Therefore urinary fibronectin may be used as a marker in bladder tumours. The urinary fibronectin levels increase in certain diseases like benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostat cancer as well. In this study the urinary cytology and urinary fibronectin levels were compared as a predictor of cancer detection in second TUR specimens. Urinary cytology was found significant with high sensitivity and specificity according to chi-square test while urinary fibronectin levels were not found as significant according to Mann Whitney U test with low sensitivity and spesificity

The effects of different planting dates and row distances on yield and some morphological characters of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

Bu araştırma,Aydın ekolojik koşullarında farklı ekim zamanı ve sıra aralığının çemenin verim ve bazı morfolojik özelliklere etkisini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneme 2005-2006 ve 2006-2007 yıllarında Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Uygulama Çiftliğinin Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü deneme arazisinde bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada GÜRASLAN tescilli çeşidinde 7 farklı ekim zamanı(15 Ekim, 15 Kasım, 15Aralık, 15 Ocak, 15 Şubat, 15 Mart ve 15 Nisan) ve 3 farklı sıra arası (20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm) denenmiştir. Araştırmada; bitki boyu, bitkide dal sayısı, ilk bakla yüksekliği, bitki başına bakla sayısı, baklada tohum sayısı, tohum verimi, bin tane ağırlığı özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma da, farklı ekim zamanlarının incelenen tüm özellikler üzerine önemli etkisi olduğu saptanmıştır. Çemen bitkisinde en yüksek tohum veriminin 1.yılda 355.0 kg/da, 2.yılda ise 366.0 kg/da 15 Kasım tarihli ekim zamanı ve 60 cm sıra arası kombinasyonundan elde edildiği bulunmuştur. Bu araştırmanın sonucunda; her iki deneme yılında da Aydın ekolojik koşulları için çemen bitkisinde ( L.) en uygun ekim zamanının 15 Kasım ve en uygun sıra arası mesafesinin de 60 cm olduğu belirlenmiştir.This study was conducted in experimental fields of Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops during 2005-2006 and 2006-2007. The experimental design was split-plot with four replications. The aim of this study were to determine suitable planting date for Aydın and to investigate the effect of different planting dates (15 October 15 November, 15 December, 15 January, 15 February, 15 March ve 15 April) and row distances (20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm) on some agronomics traits, yield and some morphological charecters of cv. GÜRARSLAN. In this study, plant height, number of branches per plants, first bean height, number of bean per plants, number of bean seeds, seed yield, 1000 kernel weight were determined. In this study, it was observed that planting date had a significant effect on all of the investigated characters.The highest seed yields were 355.0 kg/da in first year and 366.0 kg/da in second year in 15 November planting date and 60cm row distance treatment combination. This study showed that the best planting date was 15 November and best row distance was 60 cm forAydın conditions for two years

An important hybrid zone: Evidence for two natural homoploid hybrids among three Origanum species

Based on combined results of different approaches we describe two new natural hybrids, Origanum x bilgilii Dirmenci, T. Yazici & Arabaci and O. x dumanii Dirmenci, Arabaci & T. Yazici from southern Turkey (Antalya). They have a common parent, Origanum saccatum. Morphology and pollen micromorphology of the collected plants were studied, and a comparison of one nuclear (nrITS) and one chloroplast (rpl32) DNA marker was performed. The ploidy level of the two hybrids was established by chromosome counts. Both hybrids have some morphological characters in the leaves. bracts, calyces and corollas that are intermediate between those of their parents. Surface sculpturing and pollen grain size and shape of the hybrids vary and differ to a certain degree from those of the parental species. Heterozygous loci were detected in nrITS sequences of both O. x bilgilii and O. x dumanii, while rpl32 sequences were uninformative. Both hybrids and their parents have the same chromosome number of 2n = 30.European Community Research (ES-TAF264)Indian Society for Technical EducationANKEGEGAZIHUBISTFIST

The effect of ecological conditions on yield and quality traits of selected peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) clones

The commercial production of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) depends on the genetic structure and ecological conditions affecting yield and oil composition. To determine yield and quality characters of two peppermint clones (Clone-3 and Clone-8), field experiments were carried out at four different locations (Aydin, Bursa, Izmir and Tokat) in Turkey during 2007 and 2008. Locations with warmer climate gave higher fresh herbage yield (Aydin and Izmir 37.0 t/ha and 36.8 t/ha, respectively). Although vigor canopy caused maximum fresh herbage yield, it decreased dried leaf yield due to the defoliation of leaves near to the ground. The main components menthol and menthone showed significant variation with different ecologies. Menthol contents were higher in temperate locations (Bursa and Tokat), while menthone contents were lower. The differences in oil composition of Clone-3 were lower than that of Clone-8 according to different climates, thus Clone-3 can be grown widely in various ecological conditions for oil productions as compared to the Clone-8. It was also concluded that temperate location was more suitable for peppermint oil production with high menthol contents